State v. Fink - Case Law

IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE

STATE OF DELAWARE

V. I.D. # 0005008005

KENNETH FINK,

Defendant.

Submitted: October 10, 2019
Decided: January 3, 2020

ORDER GRANTING IN PART AND DENYING IN PART KENNETH
FINK’S MOTION FOR REARGUMENT

The Court has reviewed Defendant Kenneth Fink’s Motion for Reargument
(the “Motion for Reargument”). And now, this 3rd day of January, 2020, the Court
grants in part, and denies in part, the Motion for Reargument as follows:
Background of Defendant’s Multiple Offenses and Violations of Probation

1. A more complete recitation of Defendant’s criminal history can be
found in prior opinions from this Court, the Supreme Court of Delaware and various
Federal Courts and will not be repeated here, other than facts pertinent to the Motion

for Reargument.!

} See, e.g., Fink v. State, 817 A.2d 781 (Del. 2003); Fink v. State, 894 A.2d 406
(Table), 2006 WL 659302 (Del. March 14, 2006); State v. Fink, 2010 WL 2991579
(Del. Super. July 30, 2010); Fink v. Phelps, 2009 WL 320859 (D. Del. Feb. 4, 2009);
Fink v. State, 16 A.3d 937 (Table), 2011 WL 1344607 (Del. Apr. 7, 2011); Fink v.

1
2. By way of summary, Defendant has a long history in this Court, dating
back to the year 2000. Defendant, a disbarred Delaware attorney, originally came
to the attention of the Attorney General’s office because of allegations of misuse of
client funds. During an investigation into these allegations, a detective discovered a
file containing child pornography. Eventually, more than 190 images of child
pornography were found on Defendant’s computer.”

3. In March 2002, a Superior Court jury convicted Defendant of 15 counts
of Unlawfully Dealing in Materials Depicting a Child Engaged in a Prohibited Act
and 15 counts of Possession of Child Pornography.? On May 23, 2002, following a
pre-sentence investigation, the Court sentenced Defendant to eight years at Level V
custody followed by 35 years of probation. The Court specifically ordered, among
other things, that Defendant was to have no computer with internet access.‘

4. Defendant, after his initial release from Level V custody, repeatedly

violated his probation by continuing his pattern of behavior, including accessing the

Phelps, 448 F. Appx. 258 (3d Cir. Oct. 18, 2011); Fink v. Morgan, 2014 WL
2600134 (D. Del. June 9, 2014).

2 The Supreme Court upheld the validity of the search warrants in connection
with these searches. Fink v. State, 817 A.2d 781 (Del. 2003).

: Id. Defendant’s conviction from 2002 will be referred to herein as the “2000
Case,” based on the date of Defendant’s indictment.

7 On March 24, 2004, upon an application by Defendant to reduce his sentence,
the Court suspended two years of the eight years Level V custody.
internet to view child (and adult) pornography and possessing electronic devices,

despite specific orders not to do so. For example:
a. In April 2008, shortly after Defendant’s initial release from Level V
custody, Defendant was found with child pornography on his computer. In
the report from this violation, the probation officer noted that given the
Defendant’s continued access to pornographic images, “considering what it
has cost him in his life, and what he faced were he to be caught again, reveals
a person unable to control his paraphilic urges.” Moreover, the fact that
Defendant would indulge in the continued use of child pornography “belie[d]
his insistence that his collection of child pornography in the past was
incidental to his collection of other pornography.” Defendant subsequently
pleaded guilty to a single count of Unlawfully Dealing in Child Pornography
in December 2008.°
b. In February 2012, within days of Defendant’s second release from

Level V custody, Defendant was again found accessing child pornography.

Defendant was indicted on ten counts, but eventually pleaded guilty to one
count of Unlawfully Dealing in Child Pornography and the State entered a nolle
prosequi on the remaining counts. Fink v. State, 16 A.3d 937 (Table), 2011 WL
1344607 (Del. Apr. 7, 2011) (the “2008 Case”). For the 2008 Case, Defendant was
sentenced to 10 years at Level V custody with credit for 36 days previous served,
suspended after 3 years 6 months at Level V, followed by probation. Special
conditions of this sentence were, among other things, to “not to possess any device
with internet access.” Defendant was also found in violation of his 2000 Case and
sentenced to probation for these violations.

3
Notably, despite a special sex offender condition imposed upon Defendant’s
release that he was to have “ABSOLUTELY NO COMPUTER ACCESS
FOR ANY REASON,” the probation officer found numerous sites visited by
Defendant that contained pornographic images. Defendant admitted to the
probation officer that he had searched for and viewed these sites. The
probation officer also noted that Defendant was a “twice convicted child
pornographer and within days upon his release, he had gone to great lengths
to obtain the usage of a computer risking his freedom, with no concern for the
consequences.”°

G: On February 26, 2013 — just over a month after being released from

treatment — probation and parole located five thumb drives and a device

s As a result of this, the Court found Defendant in violation of probation and
sentenced him as follows: For his 2008 Case, the Court sentenced Defendant to ten
years at level V custody with credit for 3 years, 7 months and 16 days previously
served, with the balance of his sentence suspended for various levels of probation.
For his 2000 Case, probation was continued as previously imposed. In October
2012, the Court held a review of sentence hearing and a discussion of Defendant’s
treatment plan, where the Court modified Defendant’s sentence as follows: For
Defendant’s 2008 Case, he was sentenced to ten years at Level V with credit for
three years eight months 14 days previously served, suspended for two years at Level
Ill. For Defendant’s 2000 Case, probation was also continued as previously
imposed. According to the violation of probation report from February 2013, during
the Defendant’s review hearing on October 17, 2012, the Court “went to exorbitant
lengths to advise [Defendant] that any further violations would result in significant
penalties for him in any future violation hearings.” The Court also imposed several
conditions on his probation, including that he was not permitted to have or get access
to a cell phone, internet or pornography.
capable of playing these thumb drives in Defendant’s home despite a “very

specific special condition not to have pornography or computer storage

devices.” Two laptops were also removed from a car in front of Defendant’s

residence. Defendant was later found in violation of probation. In April 2013,

the Court sentenced Defendant to ten years at Level V with credit for 3 years

eight months and 15 days previously served, suspended after five years at

Level V for his 2008 Case.’ The balance of the Defendant’s sentence was

suspended for various levels of probation. For Defendant’s 2000 Case, the

Court sentenced Defendant to ten years of Level II probation to be served

consecutively.

5. On November 14, 2018, probation and parole issued a progress report
noting that Defendant “ha[d] incurred no new criminal charges and [w]as fully
employed” and the monies owed to the Court were paid in full. The probation officer
also noted that while it “ha[d] been a long road of recovery for [Defendant]...he

seems to have settled in to a normal and productive life.” As such, the probation
officer requested that Defendant’s probation be discharged. The Court (who was the

sentencing Judge) summarily denied this request on the same day. ®

7 Despite this Order to serve five years at Level V, it appears that Defendant
served little or no Level V time and then served a 6 month sentence at Level IV work

release.
: In the progress report, the probation officer references Defendant’s 2008
Case, but not his 2000 Case. The progress report, however states that since October

5
Defendant’s Current Motion for Review/Reduction of Sentence

6. On September 4, 2019, Defendant filed a Motion for Review and/or
Motion for Reduction of a Probationary Sentence (“Motion for Reduction in
Sentence”). In his Motion for Reduction in Sentence, Defendant requested that the
Court modify the term of his remaining Level II probation from his 2000 Case so
that it would run concurrently, rather than consecutively. In support thereof,
Defendant stated that he has remained “gainfully employed,” he purchased a home,
he owns two rental properties, and participated in a sex offender’s treatment
program. Defendant also submitted a one-page “Discharge Summary” from Aim
Therapeutic Services. Defendant, however, expressed no remorse or responsibility
for his previous actions in his Motion for Reduction in Sentence.

7. On October 1, 2019, the Court denied Defendant’s Motion for
Reduction of Sentence. In doing so, the Court noted that Defendant made the
request more than 90 days after the Court imposed the sentence. More importantly,

however, the Court noted that there were no circumstances warranting a reduction

23, 2018, Defendant has been serving the balance of his probation at Level II, and
references Defendant’s 2013 violation of probation. The progress report, however,
is not consistent with the Court’s April 2013 sentencing order, where the Court did
not sentence Defendant to any Level II time for his 2008 Case. In April 2013, the
Court only sentenced Defendant to Level II time for his 2000 Case (not his 2008
Case). Therefore, it is unclear whether the probation officer was requesting that
Defendant’s Level II probation be discharged for Defendant’s 2000 Case or his 2008
Case. In any event, the sentencing Judge reviewed the request and immediately
denied it.
in Defendant’s sentence. The Court notes that because the undersigned Judge was
not the sentencing Judge, in reviewing Defendant’s Motion for Reduction of
Sentence, it reviewed the entirety of his nearly two-foot-thick case file from his 2000
and 2008 Cases de novo. This included a review of Defendant’s pre-sentence
reports, violation of probation reports, sentencing orders, appellate briefing,
appellate opinions and various other documents contained in his file.

8. On October 8, 2019, Defendant filed his Motion for Reargument
pursuant to Superior Court Criminal Rule 57(d) and Superior Court Civil Rule 59(e).
Defendant argued that the Court applied the incorrect standard pursuant to Superior
Court Criminal Rule 35(b). Defendant again did not express remorse or accept
responsibility for his actions in his Motion for Reargument.’

Analysis

9. In Delaware, there is no specific criminal rule governing motions for

reargument.!? Pursuant to Superior Court Criminal Rule 57(d), however, the Court

“shall regulate its practice in accordance with applicable Superior Court civil rule or

2 On October 31, 2019, while the Motion for Reargument was still pending,
Defendant filed a notice of appeal from this Court’s October 1, 2019 order to the
Supreme Court of Delaware. The Supreme Court dismissed Defendant’s appeal on
November 22, 2019 because “[iJn light of the timely and pending motion for
reargument, this appeal must be dismissed as interlocutory.” Fink v. State, 2019 WL
6271182 (Del. Nov. 22, 2019).

lo State v. Brown, 2019 WL 3249402 (Del. Super. July 18, 2019) (internal
citations omitted).
in any lawful manner not inconsistent with these rules or the rules of the Supreme
Court.”!! Therefore, Superior Court Civil Rule 59(e) is controlling in this criminal
manner.!?

10. Well-established case law interpreting Rule 59(e) holds that a “motion
for reargument is not a device for just repeating arguments already presented or
making new arguments.”!? Rather, a proper motion for reargument will establish
that the Court “overlooked a controlling precedent or legal principles, or the Court
has misapprehended the law or facts such as would have changed the outcome of the
underlying decision.”'* “The purpose of all Rule 59 motions is to provide the trial
court with an opportunity to reconsider a matter and to correct any alleged legal or
factual errors prior to an appeal.”!

11. The Court takes this opportunity to reconsider Defendant’s request for
a reduction in his sentence, thereby granting his Motion for Reargument in part.

While the Court incorrectly noted in its October 1, 2019 Order that Defendant’s

motion was untimely, the Court correctly noted that there were no circumstances

7 Super. Ct. Crim. R. 57(d).

12“ State v. Brown, 2019 WL 3249402, at *2.

13. Td. (internal citations omitted).

14 Bd. of Managers of the Del. Criminal Justice Info. Sys. v. Gannet Co., 2003
WL 1579170, at *1 (Del. Super. Jan. 17, 2003).

15 Bowen v. E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Co., Inc., 879 A.2d 920, 922 (Del.
2005).
warranting a reduction in his sentence. As such, the Court again denies Defendant’s
request for a reduction in sentence.

12. After receiving Defendant’s Motion for Reargument, the Court
reviewed Defendant’s two-foot-thick file in its entirety for a second time. What
struck the Court as it reviewed this entire record — again — was Defendant’s failure
to abide by his previous probations and his consistent lack of remorse and failure to
accept responsibility. Indeed, Defendant blatantly violated his probation multiple
times and the Court’s orders to not own a computer or go onto the internet — let alone
view child pornography (or any pornography) — as a specific term of his sentence.

13. The case law with respect to the proper standard the Court should apply
when reviewing and/or reducing a sentence of probation is sparse.'© Nonetheless,
the Supreme Court has held that it will “review the Superior Court’s grant or denial
of a motion for modification of sentence for abuse of discretion.”!’? “Under this
highly deferential standard, the test is whether ‘the trial court acted within a zone of

reasonableness or stayed within a ‘range of choice.’”®

7 See, e.g., Johnson v. State, 941 A.2d 1018 (Del. Jan. 9, 2008) (Table) (simply
noting that Superior Court Criminal Rule 35(b) provides that the “Superior Court
may reduce a defendant’s term of probation ‘at any time’”).

7 Wilkerson v. State, 173 A.3d 1061, 2017 WL 5450747, at *1 (Del. Nov. 13,
2017) (Table).

7 Id.
14. The Wilkerson case has similar facts to those presented here. In
Wilkerson, the defendant pleaded guilty to one count of Dealing in Child
Pornography and two counts of Possession of Child Pornography.'? The defendant
was sentenced to twenty-five years at Level V, suspended after three years and six
months for decreasing levels of supervision, and for each count of Possession of
Child Pornography, three years of Level V, suspended for three years of Level III
probation (to run concurrently).”” The defendant was also prohibited from having
any contact with any minor children (except for his own), and prohibited from
owning or possessing any electronic equipment that could access the internet.”!

15. The defendant sought to modify the conditions of his probation that he
have no contact with minors (except his children) and to have internet access and a
cellphone with internet capability and a camera because these were necessary for
reestablishment of his business and he could not find a cell phone without a camera.””

16. In affirming the Superior Court’s decision denying a modification of
the defendant’s sentence, the Supreme Court held that “[a]lthough the Superior
Court mistakenly applied the ninety-day limitation to Wilkerson’s motion to modify

the terms of his probation, we nonetheless affirm the Superior Court’s denial of

19 Ia.
20 I.
a1 I.
2 Id.

10
Wilkerson’s motion.”*? In doing so, the Supreme Court noted that the Superior
Court reviewed Wilkerson’s presentence report and considered the nature of his
crimes before imposing the original sentence.** In light of this, the Superior Court
concluded that the sentence remained appropriate in light of the nature of the
offenses.2> Moreover, “[g]iven the nature of Wilkerson’s crimes (use of the internet
to obtain and view child pornography) and the arguments in his motion, the Superior
Court did not act unreasonably in denying Wilkerson’s motion to modify his
sentence.””°

17. As noted above, the undersigned Judge, in reviewing Defendant’s
Motion for Modification of Sentence, reviewed Defendant’s entire two-foot-thick
case file. After doing so, the Court concluded that in light of the nature of the
offenses, Defendant’s repeated violations of probation with the same prohibited
conduct (viewing child pornography, adult pornography and ownership of

computers and computer devices), that the sentence remained appropriate. The

Court found that no circumstances presented by Defendant warranted a reduction in

as Id. at *2.
= Td.
25 Id.
zs Td.

11
Defendant’s probation sentence so that his probation time should run concurrently
rather than consecutively.”’

18. The Court also notes that while Defendant argued in his Motion for
Reduction of Sentence that a reduction in his sentence is warranted because he has
remained “gainfully employed,” and participated in (and was purportedly discharged
from) a sex offender’s treatment program, Defendant has not demonstrated that these
facts warrant a reduction in his sentence. Previously, Defendant was employed after
serving Level V time and participated in an intense rehabilitation program at the
Keystone Center. Despite this, Defendant repeatedly violated the terms of his
probation by viewing pornography and possessing electronic devices. These actions
were in blatant violation of the Court’s orders.

19. The Court also notes that most recently, probation and parole
recommended discharging Defendant’s remaining probation because of Defendant’s
purported rehabilitation. The sentencing Judge summarily denied this request.

During the Court’s review of the file for the Motion for Reduction of Sentence and

27 See Runyan v. State, 2019 WL 5095828 (Del. Oct. 10, 2019) (noting that
although the Superior Court applied the incorrect standard for modification of the
terms of partial confinement, the court’s judgment could “be affirmed on the
independent and alternative grounds that no additional information had been
provided to the court that would warrant a reduction or modification of [the
defendant’s| sentence”).

12
the Motion for Reargument, the undersigned Judge gave great deference to the
sentencing Judge’s denial of this request. *8

20. As in Wilkerson, “rather than acknowledge the seriousness of his past
crimes and the dangers they present to the most vulnerable among us, [Defendant is
seeking] relaxed restrictions” on his probation “without taking full responsibility for
his crimes.”2? The Court took this failure to accept responsibility — on multiple
occasions — into consideration during the Court’s initial denial of the Motion for
Reduction of Sentence and the current denial of his Motion for Reargument.

21. Given the totality of circumstances of this case — Defendant’s repeated
deliberate violations of probation with the same prohibited conduct, Defendant’s
previous unsuccessful attempts at rehabilitation, deference to the sentencing Judge
in his violation of probation sentencing orders and subsequent denial of probation
and parole’s request to discharge probation — the Court finds that nothing in the
record warrants a reduction in Defendant’s probation time so that it runs

concurrently rather than consecutively.

28 See Wilkerson, 2017 WL 5450747, at *2 n.10 (noting that the “trial court judge
who is closest to the case is the one whose judgment is most important and entitled

to due deference”).
29 Id. at *2n.10.

13
22. For all of these reasons, Defendant’s Motion for Reargument is
GRANTED IN PART AND DENIED IN PART.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Mahan A. A_—

Meehan A. Adams/ Judge
Original to Prothonotary
cc: Kathleen Jennings, Delaware Attorney General

Albert J. Roop, V, State Prosecutor, Delaware Department of Justice
Kenneth Fink, pro se (SBI No. 00439044)