Defendant appeals her conviction for sexual abuse in the third degree. Defendant argues that the trial court erred in denying her motion to dismiss based on the statute of limitations. ORS 131.125(3)(a). We review for errors of law and reverse.
On December 11, 2001, defendant was charged by information with three counts of sexual abuse in the third degree based on allegations that, on or about March 15 and 20,1996, defendant had various forms of sexual contact with V, who was 16 years old at that time. ORS 163.415(l)(b). Defendant moved to dismiss the charges on the ground that they were time-barred. ORS 131.125(3)(a). Defendant argued that the alleged offenses had already been reported to the authorities on multiple occasions and that the four-year statute of limitations began to run from the date of the reports. Defendant based her argument on five occurrences that she claims were reports of the charged offenses. The trial court denied the motion to dismiss. Pursuant to a conditional plea agreement, ORS 135.335, defendant pleaded guilty to Count I, which alleged that, “on or about the 15th day of March, 1996,” defendant had subjected V “to sexual contact by [defendant] touching his penis.” The remaining two counts were dismissed.
The first claimed report of third-degree sexual abuse on which defendant relies was made on March 18, 1996. Defendant’s ex-husband, Lovell, reported to the State Office for Services to Children and Families (SCF) that defendant had been living with the victim, then 16 years old, since the victim was 14 years old and “having sexual relations with him.” Lovell further reported that his and defendant’s daughter had said that she had caught defendant and the victim “doing the nasty.” Lovell also reported to the Medford Police Department on the same date that defendant “had an ongoing sexual relationship with a 16[-year-]old male, [V]” and believed “that sexual intercourse is occurring between his ex-wife and the juvenile.” Lovell further stated that his daughter had told him that she had “caught her mother and [V] doing the big nasty.” Lovell also suspected his daughter
The second claimed report was made over a year later on May 21, 1997. Lovell again called SCF and reported that defendant “has been in a sexual relationship with 17 [- year-old V] for the past two years, and is now 6 months pregnant by him.” No further investigation was made on the ground that the allegations had previously been investigated.
The third claimed report was made on July 24,1997. On that date, defendant filed a birth certificate for her and Vs child, listing V as the father but with a false date of birth, indicating that he was older than he really was. The fourth claimed report was made on September 9,1997, when defendant filed for Supplemental Social Security Income benefits. The filing listed V as the father with his correct date of birth. The fifth claimed report was a January 3, 2000, letter sent to defendant by the Department of Human Services (DHS) denying her request for custody of her grandson because, during her interview, she admitted to having a sexual relationship with V and because DHS had “received concern from the community as early as 1995 regarding sexual activity between [V] and [defendant].”2
The trial court denied defendant’s motion to dismiss because it found that the charged crimes had not been reported more than four years before the commencement of the prosecution. On appeal, defendant contends that the trial court erred in denying her motion to dismiss because the reports described above were sufficient to trigger the running of the statute of limitations.
“A prosecution for any of the following misdemeanors may be commenced within four years after the commission of the crime or, if the victim at the time of the crime was under 18 years of age, anytime before the victim attains 22 years of age or within four years after the offense is reported to a law enforcement agency or other governmental agency, whichever occurs first:
“(a) Sexual abuse in the third degree under ORS 163.415.”
(Emphasis added.) As noted above, defendant was charged with sexual abuse in the third degree under ORS 163.415.
We addressed what constitutes a “reported” offense within the meaning of ORS 131.125 in State v. Hutchison, 176 Or App 363, 31 P3d 1123 (2001). In Hutchison, a 13-year-old victim reported to the police that the defendant had “touched her through her clothing ‘on the breast area and then on another time in the buttocks area,’ ” id. at 365, but denied any other form of sexual contact. Six years later, when the victim was 18 years old, the victim made another report that the defendant had “raped and sodomized” her when she was younger. We rejected the defendant’s claim that the report that he had touched the victim “on the breast and on the buttocks” barred later prosecutions for rape, sodomy, and sexual abuse in the first degree. Id. at 366, 369. In doing so, we held that the plain language of ORS 131.125 required that “specific factual information about conduct constituting ‘the offense’ [be] reported” and that “the statute of limitations begins to run as to each separate offense only when the facts of each separate offense have been reported.” Id. at 369. We rejected the defendant’s argument that any report creates an “inquiry notice requirement” that would alert authorities to “all other conduct that may constitute other instances of the same offense.” Id.
Defendant argues that the 1996 and 1997 reports made to SCF describing an “ongoing sexual relationship” and “sexual intercourse” necessarily encompass sexual abuse in the third degree. Therefore, according to defendant, the crime of third-degree sexual abuse was “reported” to the authorities within the meaning of ORS 131.125(3). The state
Sexual abuse in the third degree is defined by ORS 163.415(1), which provides, in part:
“A person commits the crime of sexual abuse in the third degree if the person subjects another person to sexual contact and:
* * * *
“(b) The victim is incapable of consent by reason of being under 18 years of age.”
“Sexual contact” means “any touching of the sexual or other intimate parts of a person or causing such person to touch the sexual or other intimate parts of the actor for the purpose of arousing or gratifying the sexual desire of either party.” ORS 163.305(6). As noted, the crime for which defendant was convicted concerned defendant touching the victim’s penis, which is a “sexual or other intimate part[ ]” of a person.
In order to satisfy ORS 131.125, “actual communication of the facts that form the basis for the particular offense reported” is required. Hutchison, 176 Or App at 368. In
Under Hutchison, the facts that needed to be communicated in order to constitute a report of sexual abuse in the third degree as alleged in Count I in the present case would be that defendant had “sexual contact” with V that involved touching his penis and that V was under 18 years of age at the time that the contact occurred.
In this case, we conclude that the second report described above served to trigger the statute of limitations as to the offense of sexual abuse in the third degree as alleged in Count I of the information. As noted above, Lovell reported to SCF on May 21, 1997, that defendant had been in a “sexual relationship” for the past two years with the victim, who was then 17 years old, and that defendant “is now 6 months pregnant by him.” Certainly, that report provides specific information about an act of sexual intercourse that occurred some six months before the report — an act that necessarily involved defendant touching the victim’s penis. We reject the state’s argument that, under the rationale of Hutchison, the report must be regarded simply as a report of a single instance of sexual contact that occurred six months before the report and could not encompass the sexual contact alleged in the information to have occurred approximately one year before.
Hutchison, unlike the present case, involved a report of two specific incidents of touching accompanied by a denial that any other sexual contact had taken place. 176 Or App at 365. Thus, the report at issue in Hutchison, by its own terms,
We conclude that the report made on May 21, 1997, triggered the statute of limitations because it constituted a report of sexual abuse in the third degree as alleged in Count I of the information. As a result, the charges against defendant are barred pursuant to ORS 131.125(3)(a) because the information was not filed until December 11, 2001, more than four years after the report was made. We need not discuss whether any of the other reports triggered the statute of limitations since the May 1997 report resolves the case.
Reversed and remanded with instructions to permit defendant to withdraw her plea of guilty in accordance with ORS 135.335(3) and to dismiss information.
1.
A follow-up on that report involved interviews of defendant, V, and the daughter, all of whom denied Lovell’s allegations and denied any sexual contact or witnessing any sexual contact. The police and SCF agreed that they had no information to support criminal charges.
2.
The prosecutor pointed out, correctly, that the prosecution was commenced within four years of the 2000 report and that the prosecution would not be barred based on that report regardless of whether it was sufficient to trigger the statute of limitations. ORS 131.125(3).