* Corpus Juris-Cyc. References: Agency, 2CJ, p. 728, n. 74 New; Justices of the Peace, 35CJ, p. 622, n. 61; Payment, 30Cyc, p. 1193, n. 16; Trover and Conversion, 38 Cyc, p. 2098, n. 72. Action upon a note. Defendant offered to allow judgment to go for $31.57. This was not accepted by plaintiff. A jury was waived and trial had before the court. The court sustained defendant's position and rendered judgment for $31.57 in favor of plaintiff and costs up to the time defendant filed his offer to allow judgment for that amount, and rendered judgment against plaintiff for the costs accruing thereafter. Plaintiff appealed.
Defendant had left with plaintiff certain notes held by him which plaintiff was to collect, if it could, and apply the amount collected on defendant's note. One note thus left with plaintiff was for the sum of $80.08. When this note came due the plaintiff surrendered it to the maker and took from him a new note payable to plaintiff in ninety days thereafter for the same amount. This was done without the knowledge or consent of defendant. The plaintiff gave no credit upon the note of defendant by reason of having taken a new note from that party. Shortly thereafter the maker of this new note to plaintiff went into bankruptcy and plaintiff did not collect it.
The court in the trial of this case held that when plaintiff, without the consent of the defendant, took a new note in its own name and surrendered to the maker the note payable to defendant it amounted to a payment to plaintiff of the note left with it for collection by defendant. In this we think the court was right. The surrender of the old note to the maker and taking therefor the new note in the name of plaintiff was, to say the least, a conversion of the note left with plaintiff by defendant for collection and had the amount of that note exceeded the amount of defendant's indebtedness to plaintiff, the defendant could have recovered the balance against plaintiff. [Richardson v. Ashby, 132 Mo. 238, 33 S.W. 806; Hornsby v. Knorpp,207 Mo. App. 302, 232 S.W. 776.]
It is contended by appellant that defendant cannot avail himself of the conversion of the note left with plaintiff for collection by him and cannot require it to be credited as a payment on his note, but could only reach the liability of plaintiff therefor, if liability existed, by filing a counterclaim, and since none was filed in this case the defendant cannot take advantage of plaintiff's action in surrendering the old note and taking a new note in its stead. This case was begun *Page 1276 before a justice of the peace where no formal pleadings are required, and since the new note taken by plaintiff at the time the old one was surrendered to the maker did not equal the amount of defendant's debt to plaintiff we think defendant, when sued upon his note to plaintiff, had the right to treat plaintiff's action in surrendering to the maker the note left by defendant with plaintiff for collection and taking a new note in its own name, as a payment on the old note and require that a credit be entered on his debt of the amount of the new note as of the date the plaintiff took it and surrendered the old note to the maker thereof. [30 Cyc. 1193, and cases there cited.]
Appellant makes the point that if plaintiff's action is to be treated as a conversion of the note left with it by defendant, then the measure of damages is the value, at the time, of the note converted and since there is no evidence of that value except the fact that the maker of it went into bankruptcy soon after giving the new note to plaintiff, defendant cannot now claim a credit for the face value of the note. The answer to that is that plaintiff took a new note in its own name for the face value of the note converted and thereby fixed the value of the old note at that time. If plaintiff was willing to surrender the old note for a new one in the same amount and did this without the consent of the defendant it cannot now be heard to say that the note converted was of less value than its face.
The judgment is for the right party and should be affirmed. It is so ordered. Bradley and Bailey, JJ., concur.