The vote appointing the plaintiff and another alderman a committee have them authority to do that in their opinion would "best subserve the interest of the city or its *Page 299 citizens" in relation to the bill then pending in the legislature. For personal expenses necessarily incurred in the discharge of their duties each member is entitled to be reimbursed by the city, and each may maintain his separate action for the recovery thereof. The motion to set aside the verdict must therefore be denied.
The vote authorized the committee to act jointly, and if the committee had consisted of more than two members, the consent of a majority would have been necessary to bind the city by its action; but consisting of only two members, the concurrent action of both was necessary for the employment of persons at the expense of the city. It was entitled to action governed by the combined wisdom of both members. The item of $21.50 was authorized by the plaintiff alone. If the other member had been consulted, the plaintiff might have been convinced of the inexpediency of the expenditure.
The next inquiry is, whether the action of the plaintiff has been ratified, or the claim approved. It has not been certified by the joint standing committee on accounts, as required by the city ordinances. It is said in the plaintiff's brief that the committee on accounts had been abolished before the plaintiff's bill was rendered to the city, and that the then existing ordinance required all claims to be laid before the aldermen for approval. The plaintiff presented his claim to that board, and April 23, 1891, the aldermen ordered the plaintiff's bill to be paid when approved by the proper committee. It was not approved by the committee on accounts, nor by a majority of the aldermen without the plaintiff, who was a member of the board.
In Dorchester v. Youngman, 60 N.H. 385, it was held that a citizen's pecuniary interest in a question of town affairs does not disqualify him from voting upon it. The municipal affairs of the city of Portsmouth are managed by a city council, consisting of a board of aldermen and a board of common councilmen, chosen by the legal voters in their respective wards to represent and act for them in all business matters entrusted by law to the councils. The plaintiff in his capacity as alderman acted as the representative of the people of the city. In all matters where his interest was the same as that of any other citizen his right to vote cannot be questioned. But in a matter where he had a direct personal and pecuniary interest and upon which he was required to act judicially, he was, according to well recognized legal principles, disqualified from acting. He claimed to be a creditor of the city. His claim had never been adjudicated, and the question before the board was whether his claim should be paid. Without his vote there was not a majority in favor of paying it. In Holderness v. Baker, 44 N.H. 414, it was held that a selectman cannot act for the town in making a loan of its money to himself. We think the doctrine of Dorchester v. Youngman does not apply to the facts in this case. *Page 300
The item for $21.50 not having been authorized by the committee, nor approved by any committee nor by the aldermen, cannot be recovered.
Judgment on the verdict.
CHASE, J., did not sit: the others concurred.