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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
LATASHA ROBINSON, :
:
Appellant : No. 3433 EDA 2015
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence July 10, 2015
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
Criminal Division at No.: CP-51-CR-0004971-2013
BEFORE: DUBOW, SOLANO, AND PLATT, JJ.*
MEMORANDUM BY DUBOW, J.: FILED JANUARY 25, 2017
Appellant, Latasha Robinson, appeals from the Judgment of Sentence
entered by the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas following her
jury trial convictions of Unlawful Contact with a Minor, Corruption of a Minor,
and Aggravated Indecent Assault of a Child.1 We affirm.
The trial court stated the relevant facts in its Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a)
Opinion as follows:
On February 18, 2013, Police Officer Arnaldo Santos responded
to a call at 416 North Grove Street in the city and county of
Philadelphia, PA. Officer Santos arrived at the scene and met
with the complainant’s mother who was very upset. The
complainant’s mother told Officer Santos that she picked the
complainant up at the complainant’s grandmother’s house.
*
Retired Senior Judge Assigned to the Superior Court.
1
18 Pa.C.S. § 6318(a)(1); 18 Pa.C.S. § 6301(a)(1)(i); and 18 Pa.C.S. §
3125(b), respectively.
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According to the complainant, she was touched in her private
area. On the way home from her grandmother’s house, the
complainant urinated on herself. Her mother saw blood on the
complainant’s underwear and called the police. The
complainant’s mother turned the underwear over to the officer.
When they arrived at the hospital, the officer gave the
underwear to the detectives.
The complainant was three years old at the time of the incident.
The complainant testified that on the day of the incident she was
downstairs laying on the couch with the [Appellant]. [Appellant]
touched her with her nails between her legs, an area the
complainant refers to as her “coochie” or “coo-coo.” The
complainant also said that she saw [Appellant’s] butt.
The complainant’s mother testified that she picked her daughter
up from her mother’s house. Her mother lives there along with
[Appellant], her girlfriend of about eleven years. When she
arrived at her mother’s house, she notice[d] that her daughter
was not her usual self. Typically, the complainant is very happy
to see her mother but she noticed that the complainant was
acting differently. The complainant told her mother that
[Appellant] “hurt my coo-coo.” The complainant then repeated
that [Appellant] “put her finger in my coo-coo.” At first, the
complainant’s mother and grandmother did not believe her. On
the way home, she asked the complainant about what she said
at the house. The complainant told her [Appellant] “touched my
coo-coo.” The complainant told her [Appellant] laid her back,
put her finger in her vagina, and put her boobs in her face. The
complainant also urinated on herself on the way home. When
her mother changed her pants, she saw blood. She then called
her mother and told her that [Appellant] really must have
touched the complainant and then she called the police.
The complainant was taken by an ambulance to the emergency
room at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (“CHOP”), where
she was examined by Dr. Mercedes Blackstone. The
complainant was admitted to the hospital because she had an
acuity score of two from a scale of one to five. The complainant
received a full examination. Dr. Blackstone found a very small
amount of blood in the area of the posterior forcia, which is the
interior part of the vagina. Also, a nurse practitioner
documented a small amount of bleeding with urination.
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A DNA analysis was performed by Lisette Vega, a forensic
science expert from the Philadelphia Police Department
Criminalistics Unit, DNA laboratory. [Vega] analyzed a swab
from inside the complainant’s crotch, a vulvar swab, an oral
swab, a perineal swab, and a reference blood sample from the
complainant as well as a reference blood sample from
[Appellant]. A touch DNA sample from inside of the
complainant’s crotch matched the complainant and an unknown
individual. [Appellant] was excluded as a contributor. The
unknown individual was a female. The other swabs from inside
the crotch, the vulvar swab, and the oral swab matched the
complainant. However, [Vega] testified that it is possible that if
the complainant wiped herself she may have removed all or
some of the DNA from the area.
* * *
On April 17, 2015, a jury found [Appellant] guilty of [U]nlawful
[C]ontact with a [M]inor, [C]orruption of a [M]inor, and
[A]ggravated [I]ndecent [A]ssault of a [C]hild. The court
deferred sentencing for a pre-sentence investigation and an
assessment by the Sexual Offenders Assessment Board []
pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. § 9799.24 to determine if [Appellant] is a
sexually violent predator. [The court did not find Appellant to be
a Sexually Violent Predator.] On July 10, 2015, the court
sentenced [Appellant] to [an aggregate term of] five and a half
to eleven years in prison to be followed by a period of four years
of sex offender probation. [Appellant] filed a Post Sentence
Motion on July 10, 2015[, which was denied] on November 3,
2015.
Trial Court Opinion, 4/20/16, at 1-4 (citations omitted).
Appellant filed a timely Notice of Appeal. Both Appellant and the trial
court complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.
Appellant presents two issues for our review:
[I.] Whether the evidence was insufficient to convict Appellant of
Unlawful Contact with a Minor, 18 Pa.C.S.[] § 6318(a)(1),
Corruption of a Minor, 18 Pa.C.S.[] § 6301(a)(1)(i), and
Aggravated Indecent Assault of a Child, 18 Pa.C.S.[] § 3125(b)?
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[II.] Whether the weight of the evidence is against Appellant's
convictions for Unlawful Contact with a Minor, 18 Pa.C.S.[] §
6318(a)(1), Corruption of a Minor, 18 Pa.C.S.[] § 6301(a)(1)(i),
and Aggravated Indecent Assault of a Child, 18 Pa.C.S.[] §
3125(b)?
Appellant’s Brief at 7 (reordered for convenience).
In her first issue, Appellant avers that the evidence is insufficient to
sustain her convictions because: (1) “the Commonwealth failed to prove that
Appellant ever made any physical contact with [c]omplainant on the day in
question[;]” and (2) “Appellant was excluded as [c]omplainant’s assailant.”
Appellant’s Brief at 15-16, 21-24.
We review challenges to the sufficiency of the evidence by considering
whether, “viewing all the evidence admitted at trial in the light most
favorable to the verdict winner, there is sufficient evidence to enable the
fact-finder to find every element of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.”
Commonwealth v. Melvin, 103 A.3d 1, 39 (Pa. Super. 2014). The trier of
fact—while passing on the credibility of the witnesses and the weight of the
evidence—is free to believe all, part, or none of the evidence. Id. at 40.
Moreover, the trier of fact may base a conviction solely on circumstantial
evidence. Id. In conducting this review, the appellate court may not weigh
the evidence and substitute its judgment for that of the fact-finder. Id.
Section 6318 of the Crimes Code defines Unlawful Contact with a
Minor, in relevant part, as follows:
§ 6318. Unlawful contact with minor
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(a) Offense defined.--A person commits an offense if he is
intentionally in contact with a minor, or a law enforcement
officer acting in the performance of his duties who has assumed
the identity of a minor, for the purpose of engaging in an activity
prohibited under any of the following, and either the person
initiating the contact or the person being contacted is within this
Commonwealth:
(1) Any of the offenses enumerated in Chapter 31 (relating to
sexual offenses).
18 Pa.C.S. § 6318(a)(1). The statute defines “Contacts” as:
Direct or indirect contact or communication by any means,
method or device, including contact or communication in person
or through an agent or agency, through any print medium, the
mails, a common carrier or communication common carrier, any
electronic communication system and any telecommunications,
wire, computer or radio communications device or system.
18 Pa.C.S. § 6318(c).
Section 6301 of the Crimes Code defines Corruption of Minors, in
relevant part, as follows:
§ 6301. Corruption of minors
(a) Offense defined.--
(1) (i) Except as provided in subparagraph (ii), whoever, being
of the age of 18 years and upwards, by any act corrupts or tends
to corrupt the morals of any minor less than 18 years of age, or
who aids, abets, entices or encourages any such minor in the
commission of any crime, or who knowingly assists or
encourages such minor in violating his or her parole or any order
of court, commits a misdemeanor of the first degree.
(ii) Whoever, being of the age of 18 years and upwards, by any
course of conduct in violation of Chapter 31 (relating to sexual
offenses) corrupts or tends to corrupt the morals of any minor
less than 18 years of age, or who aids, abets, entices or
encourages any such minor in the commission of an offense
under Chapter 31 commits a felony of the third degree.
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18 Pa.C.S. § 6301.
Actions that tend to corrupt the morals of a minor are those that
“would offend the common sense of the community and the sense of
decency, propriety and morality which most people entertain.”
Commonwealth v. Snyder, 870 A.2d 336, 351 (Pa. Super. 2005)
(quotation marks and citation omitted). Thus, the scope of the corruption
statute is extremely broad, encompassing conduct that far exceeds that
which is proscribed by Chapter 31 of Title 18. 18 Pa.C.S. § 6301(a)(1)(i).
The corruption statute also effectively provides a distinct offense and a
separate penalty for sexual offenses committed against children. 18 Pa.C.S.
§ 6301(a)(1)(ii).
Section 3125 of the Crimes Code, one of the provisions in Chapter 31,
defines Aggravated Indecent Assault of a Child, in relevant part, as follows:
§ 3125. Aggravated indecent assault
(a) Offenses defined.--Except as provided in sections 3121
(relating to rape), 3122.1 (relating to statutory sexual assault),
3123 (relating to involuntary deviate sexual intercourse) and
3124.1 (relating to sexual assault), a person who engages in
penetration, however slight, of the genitals or anus of a
complainant with a part of the person’s body for any purpose
other than good faith medical, hygienic or law enforcement
procedures commits aggravated indecent assault if:
(1) the person does so without the complainant’s consent;
(2) the person does so by forcible compulsion;
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(3) the person does so by threat of forcible compulsion
that would prevent resistance by a person of reasonable
resolution;
(4) the complainant is unconscious or the person knows
that the complainant is unaware that the penetration is
occurring;
(5) the person has substantially impaired the
complainant’s power to appraise or control his or her
conduct by administering or employing, without the
knowledge of the complainant, drugs, intoxicants or other
means for the purpose of preventing resistance;
(6) the complainant suffers from a mental disability which
renders him or her incapable of consent;
* * *
(b) Aggravated indecent assault of a child.--A person
commits aggravated indecent assault of a child when the person
violates subsection (a)(1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (6) and the
complainant is less than 13 years of age.
18 Pa.C.S. § 3125.
The Honorable Donna M. Woelpper, who presided over the jury trial,
authored a comprehensive, thorough, and well-reasoned opinion, citing to
the record and relevant case law in addressing Appellant’s claims on appeal.
After a careful review of the parties’ arguments and the record, we affirm on
the basis of the trial court’s opinion. See Trial Court Opinion at 4-8
(concluding that there was sufficient evidence to support Appellant’s
convictions because the jury found credible the victim’s testimony that
Appellant touched the victim’s vagina and caused injuries, which was
corroborated by other testimony and physical evidence of a sexual assault;
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J. S93007/16
Appellant’s arguments merely isolate certain portions of the victim’s
testimony while ignoring others).
Viewing the totality of the evidence in the light most favorable to the
Commonwealth as the verdict winner, it is clear that the Commonwealth
proved each element of the offenses. Appellant’s sufficiency challenge, thus,
fails.
Appellant next avers that the jury’s verdict was against the weight of
the evidence because: (1) “the Commonwealth failed to establish a time
frame when Appellant had an opportunity to commit the alleged” crime; (2)
the victim’s mother “had a clear bias against Appellant[;]” and (3) “DNA
evidence unequivocally excluded Appellant as [the victim’s] assailant.”
Appellant’s Brief at 15, 17-21.
When considering challenges to the weight of the evidence, we apply
the following precepts:
The weight of the evidence is exclusively for the finder of
fact, who is free to believe all, none or some of the
evidence and to determine the credibility of witnesses.
Appellate review of a weight claim is a review of the
exercise of discretion, not the underlying question of
whether the verdict is against the weight of the evidence.
Because the trial judge has had the opportunity to hear
and see the evidence presented, an appellate court will
give the gravest consideration to the findings and reasons
advanced by the trial judge when reviewing a trial court’s
determination that the verdict is against the weight of the
evidence. One of the least assailable reasons for granting
or denying a new trial is the lower court’s conviction that
the verdict was or was not against the weight of the
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evidence and that a new trial should be granted in the
interest of justice.
Commonwealth v. Talbert, 129 A.3d 536, 545-46 (Pa. Super. 2015),
appeal denied, 138 A.3d 4 (Pa. 2016) (quotation marks and citations
omitted).
Resolving contradictory testimony and questions of credibility are
matters for the finder of fact. Commonwealth v. Hopkins, 747 A.2d 910,
917 (Pa. Super. 2000). Further, “[i]n order for a defendant to prevail on a
challenge to the weight of the evidence, the evidence must be so tenuous,
vague[,] and uncertain that the verdict shocks the conscience of the court.”
Talbert, supra at 546 (quotation marks and citation omitted). It is well-
settled that we cannot substitute our judgment for that of the trier of fact.
Id.
The trial court addressed Appellant’s weight of the evidence challenge
as follows:
On appeal [Appellant] asserts that the verdict is against the
weight of the evidence because the DNA evidence excluded the
[Appellant] as a suspect. As discussed at length above, the jury
heard from numerous witnesses and was able to assess the
credibility of the witnesses. Although [Appellant’s] testimony
contradicted the testimony of the complainant and the DNA did
not match [Appellant], the jury had the full opportunity to
evaluate the substance of the testimony to make the relevant
factual determinations. Additionally, “where an appellant argues
that physical evidence is inconsistent with a victim’s testimony,
but that evidence does not necessarily exculpate him [or her],
the fact-finder may entertain a defendant’s alternative theory
and reasonably reject it. In such instances, we will not
substitute the fact-finder’s judgment with our own.”
[Commonwealth v. Wall, 953 A.2d 581, 586 (Pa. Super.
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2008)]; [s]ee also Commonwealth v. Burns, 988 A.2d 684,
695 (Pa. Super. 2009) (the exclusion of a defendant as a DNA
contributor does not mandate a finding of not guilty). In Wall[,]
the court rejected the defendant’s weight of the evidence claim
where DNA testing excluded Wall’s sperm as a match. The court
concluded [that] while DNA evidence may have been an
alternative theory[,] it did not require the conclusion that Wall
did not rape the victim.
Here, the jury heard testimony from the complainant who
testified credibly that [Appellant] touched her “coo-coo” as well
as the complainant’s mother who testified that she saw blood
between the complainant’s legs after she urinated. The jury also
heard testimony that the DNA evidence did not match that of the
[Appellant]. However, the Commonwealth’s laboratory expert
presented a reasonable explanation that the DNA could have
been removed when the complainant wiped herself after
urinating. The jury had the full opportunity to hear [Appellant’s]
alternative theory and assess its credibility, and chose to reject
it. Therefore, this court finds no merit in [Appellant’s] challenge
to the weight of the evidence presented at trial as it does not
“shock one’s sense of justice.”
Trial Court Opinion at 8-9 (some citations and quotation marks omitted).
We agree with the trial court’s assessment.
Appellant essentially asks us to reassess the credibility of the victim
and reweigh the testimony and evidence presented at trial. Appellant’s Brief
at 17-21. We cannot and will not do so. The jury found credible the victim’s
testimony that Appellant touched the victim’s vagina and caused injuries,
which was corroborated by other testimony and physical evidence of a
sexual assault. Thus, the verdict was not so contrary to the evidence as to
shock the court’s conscience, and the trial court properly denied Appellant’s
weight of the evidence claim.
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J. S93007/16
The parties are instructed to attach a copy of the trial court’s April 20,
2016 Opinion to all future filings.
Judgment of Sentence affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 1/25/2017
- 11 -
Circulated 12/27/2016 12:41 PM
at1 ic::-n)J
F II !i_ I<: ;;
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
APR _2 0 lms
FIRST JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA Crimmai ~l; ~~al~ unit
TRIAL DIVISION - CRIMINAL SECTION FirstJudicia\ 01stnctof PA
COMMONWEALTH OF CP-51-CR-0004971-2013
PENNSYLV ANiA
CP-51-CR-0004971-2013Comm. v. Robinson,La!asha
Oplnlcm
v. 1111111111111 Hll 1111
7435993281 3433 EDA 2015
LATASHA ROBINSON
OPINION
WOELPPER,J. APRIL 20, 2016
I. PROCEDURAL HISTORY
On April 17, 2015, a jury found Latasha Robinson ("defendant") guilty of unlawful contact
1
with a minor, corruption of a minor,2 and aggravated indecent assault of a child.3 The court
deferred sentencing for a pre-sentence investigation and an assessment by the Sexual Offenders
Assessment Board ("the SOAB") pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. § 9799.24 to determine if the defendant
is a sexually violent predator." On July 10, 2015, the court sentenced the defendant to five and a
half to eleven years in prison to be followed by a period of four years of sex offender probation."
1 18 § 6318 § Al
218
§ 6301 § Ali
3
18 § 3125 § B
4
The court did not find the defendant to be a SexuallyViolent Predator.
5
The court sentenced defendant to five and a half to eleven years in prison for the aggravated indecent assault of
a minor charge. The defendant was sentenced to four years of sex offender probation on the unlawful contact of a
minor charge to run consecutive to the prison term. On the corruption of a minor charge, the defendant was
sentence to four years of probation to run concurrent with the previous probation term.
1
The defendant filed a Post Sentence Motion on July 10, 2015. This court denied the motion on
November 3, 2015. On November 12, 2015, the defendant filed a notice of appeal.
The defendant raises the following claims in her "Statement of Errors Complained of on
Appeal" ("Statement"):
"l , The weight of the evidence was against Defendant's convictions
for Aggravated Indecent Assault of a Child, Unlawful Contact with
a Minor, and Corruption of Minors, because the DNA evidence
excluded Defendant as a suspect.
2. The evidence is insufficient to support Defendant's conviction for
Aggravated Indecent Assault cf a Child, Unlawful Contact with a
Minor, and Corruption of Minors, because the DNA evidence
excluded Defendant as a suspect."
Statement at~~ 1-2.
II. FACTS
On February 18, 2013, Police Officer Arnaldo Santos responded to a call at 416 North Grove
Street in the city and county of Philadelphia, PA. Notes of Testimony ('~.T."), Apr. 15, 2015
Vol. III at pp. 20-22. Officer Santos arrived at the scene and met with the complainant's mother
who was very upset. Id. 23. The complainant's mother told Officer Santos that she picked the
complainant up at the complainant's grandmother's house. Id. at 24. According to the
complainant, she was touched in her private area. Id. On the way home from her grandmother's
house, the complainant urinated on herself. Id. Her mother saw blood on the complainant's
underwear and called the police. Id. The complainant's mother turned the underwear over to the
officer. Id. at 25. When they arrived at the hospital, the officer gave the underwear to the
detectives. Id.
The complainant was three years old at the time of the incident. Id. at 43. The complainant
testified that on the day of the incident she was downstairs laying on the couch with the
2
defendant. Id. at 43-44. The defendant touched her with her nails between her legs, an area the
complainant refers to as her "coochie" or "coo-coo." Id. at 45. The complainant also said that
she saw the defendant's butt. Id. at 47-48.
The complainant's mother testified that she picked her daughter up from her mother's house.
Id. at 58. Her mother lives there along with the defendant, her girlfriend of about eleven years.
Id. at 59. When she arrived at her mother's house, she notice that her daughter was not her usual
self. Id. at 63. Typically, the complainant is very happy to see her mother but she noticed that
the complainant was acting differently. Id The complainant told her mother that the defendant
"hurt my coo-coo." Id. at 64. The complainant then repeated that the defendant "put her finger
in my coo-coo." Id. At first, the complainant's mother and grandmother did not believe her. Id.
On the way home, she asked the complainant about what she said at the house. Id. at 71. The
complainant told her the defendant "touched my coo-coo." Id. at 72. The complainant told her
the defendant laid her back, put her finger in her vagina, and put her boobs in her face. Id The
complainant also urinated on herself on the way home. Id. When her mother changed her pants,
she saw blood. Id at 73. She then called her mother and told her that the defendant really must
have touched the complainant and then she called the police. Id. at 73-74.
The complainant was taken by an ambulance to the emergency room at the Children's
Hospital of Philadelphia ("CHOP"), where she was examined by Dr. Mercedes Blackstone. Id
at 117. The complainant was admitted to the hospital because she had an acuity score of two
from a scale of one to five. Id. at 119. The complainant received a full examination. Id at 123.
Dr. Blackstone found a very small amount of blood in the area of the posterior forcia, which is
the interior part of the vagina. Id. at 123-124. Also, a nurse practitioner documented a small
amount of bleeding with urination. Id. at 124.
3
A DNA analysis was performed by Lisette Vega, a forensic science expert from the
Philadelphia Police Department Criminalistics Unit, DNA laboratory. Id. at 99-100. Ms. Vega
analyzed a swab from inside the complainant's crotch, a vulvar swab, an oral swab, a perineal
swab, and a reference blood sample from the complainant as well as a reference blood sample
from the defendant. Id. at 102-103. A touch DNA sample from inside of the complainant's
crotch matched the complainant and an unknown individual. Id. at 106. The defendant was
excluded as a contributor. Id. The unknown individual was a female. Id. at 107. The other
swabs from inside the crotch, the vulvar swab, and the oral swab matched the complainant. Id.
However, Ms. Vega testified that it is possible that if the complainant wiped herself she may
have removed all or some of the DNA from the area. Id. at 108.
III. DISCUSSION
A. Sufficiency of the Evidence
The defendant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence presented at trial as to all charges.
In reviewing a claim of insufficient evidence, the standard of review is well settled in
Pennsylvania:
The standard we apply in reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence is
whether viewing all the evidence admitted at trial in the light most
favorable to the verdict winner, there is sufficient evidence to enable the
fact-finder to find every element of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.
Tn applying the above test, we may not weigh the evidence and substitute
our judgement for the fact-finder. In addition, we note that the facts and
circumstances established by the Commonwealth need not preclude every
possibility of innocence. Any doubts regarding a defendant's guilt may
be resolved by the fact-finder unless the evidence is so weak and
inconclusive that as a matter of law no probability of fact may be drawn
from the combined circumstances. The Commonwealth may sustain its
burden of proving every element of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt
by means of wholly circumstantial evidence. Moreover, in applying the
above test, the entire record must be evaluated and all evidence actually
received must be considered. Finally, the [finder] of fact while passing
4
upon the credibility of witnesses and the weight of the evidence produced,
is free to believe all, part or none of the evidence.
Commonwealth v. Jones, 886 A.2d 689, 704 (Pa. Super. 2005), appeal denied, 897 A.2d
452 (Pa. 2006) (citations omitted).
The defendant asserts that the evidence was insufficient to support her convictions because
the DNA evidence excluded the defendant as a match. Although the evidence excluded the
defendant as a contributor, the results did not exonerate her. At the defendant's trial, the jury
heard testimony from numerous witnesses including, Officer Santos, the complainant, Attilah
Wearing, Detective Gonzalez, forensic science expert Lisette Vega, Dr. Blackstone, Detective
Enriquez, Melanie Wearing, and Latasha Robinson.
It is well-established that even the uncorroborated testimony of the complaining witness is
sufficient to convict a defendant of sexual offenses. Commonwealth v. Davis, 650A.2d 452 (Pa.
Super. 1994) aff'd on other grounds, 674 A.2d 214 (1996). The fact finder is entitled to believe
all, part, or none of the evidence adduced at trial. Commonwealth v. Wall, 953 A.2d 581, 584
(Pa. Super. 2008) (citing Commonwealth v. Price, 606 A.2d 618, 685 (Pa. Super. 1992)). Where
a defendant argues that physical evidence is inconsistent with a victim's testimony, but the
evidence does not necessarily exculpate him, the fact-finder may entertain a defendant's
alternative theory and reasonably reject it. Id.
Forensic science expert Lisette Vega offered a potential explanation for why the DNA did
not match the defendant's DNA, i.e. that all or some of the DNA may have been removed from
· the area by the complainant wiping herself. N.T. Apr. 15, 2015 Vol. III at p. 108. It was within
the province of the jury to decide whether the failure to detect the defendant's DNA was more
compelling than the victim's testimony. Commonwealth v. Moto, 23 A.3d 989, 997 (Pa. 2011).
The jury was free to find that the results of the DNA were not determinative in light of the other
5
evidence implicating the defendant and the other possible explanations for the failure to detect
the defendant's DNA.
Aggravated Indecent Assault of a Child (F 1)
To prove aggravated indecent assault of a child, the evidence must show that the defendant
penetrated, however slight, the genitals or anus of a complainant (who is less than 13 years of
age) with a part of the person's body for any purpose other than a good faith medical, hygienic,
or law enforcement procedure purpose. 18 Pa.C.S. § 3125(b). The Commonwealth satisfied this
evidentiary requirement through the complainant's testimony that the defendant's finger
penetrated her vagina. In Commonwealth v. Filer, 846 A.2d 139, 141 (Pa. Super. 2004), the
victim testified that the defendant put one hand down her pants and inserted his finger into her
vagina. Although the defendant claimed the victim's testimony was inconsistent, the court found
the evidence sufficient to sustain the conviction for aggravated indecent assault. Id.
Here, the complainant testified that while laying on a couch, the defendant touched her with
her nails between her legs, in an area the complainant refers to as her "coochie" or "coo-coo."
The complainant told her mother that the defendant "hurt my coo-coo" and put her finger in my
"coo-coo." A small amount of blood was in the interior part of the complainant's vagina. She
also had a small amount cf bleeding with urination following the incident. Therefore, the
evidence was more than sufficient for the jury to find the defendant guilty of aggravated indecent
assault of a child.
Corruption of a Minor (Ml)
In order to convict a person of corruption of a minor, the Commonwealth must prove beyond
a reasonable doubt a person age 18 or older, by any act corrupts or tends to corrupt the morals of
any minor less than 18 years old. 18 Pa.C.S. § 6301(a)(l )(i). Corruption of a minor can involve
6
a virtually unlimited variety of types of conduct involving a child. In order to determine whether
conduct might corrupt the morals of a minor, common sense of the community and a general
sense of decency, propriety, and morality which most people entertain will suffice in applying
this section to the facts of the case. Commonwealth v. Decker, 698 A.2d 99, 101 (Pa. Super.
1997). The Superior Court has held that evidence was sufficient to support conviction for
corruption of a minor where the record established that defendant sexually abused his five-year-
old step-granddaughter. Commonwealth v. Bishop, 742 A.2d 1 78 (Pa. Super. 1999). As
discussed above, the record clearly established that the defendant had sexual contact with the
complainant in her grandmother's home when the defendant put her fingers between the
complainant's legs and touched her "coochie." Further, the defendant was over the age of
eighteen and the complainant was under the age of eighteen at the time of the incident. 6
Unlawful Contact with a Minor (Fl)
Finally, the defendant was convicted of unlawful contact with a minor. To sustain a
conviction for unlawful contact with a minor as charged in this case, the Commonwealth must
prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant intentionally contacted a minor, for the
purpose of engaging in activity prohibited under Chapter 31 (relating to sexual offenses), and
that either the defendant or the person being contacted was within the Commonwealth. 18
Pa.C.S. § 6318(a)(l). "Contact" is defined as direct or indirect contact or communication by any
means, method or device, including contact or communication in person or through an agent or
agency, through any print medium, the mails, a common carrier or communication common
carrier, any electronic communication system and any telecommunications, wire, computer or
radio communications device or system. 18 Pa.C.S. § 63 l 8(c). A "minor" is an individual under
6
The parties stipulated that the defendant's date of birth is January 5, 1974. N.T. Apr. 15, 2015 'Joi. Ill at p.147.
7
18 years of age. 18 Pa.C.S. § 631 S(c). As discussed above, the defendant had sexual contact
with the complainant for the purpose of committing aggravated indecent assault of a child and
corruption of a minor. Thus, sufficient evidence was presented at trial to sustain a conviction for
unlawful contact with a minor.
In consideration of the complainant's testimony, the testimony of the complainant's mother,
the CHOP emergency room doctor, and the testimony of the officers, the evidence supports the
jury's convictions of the defendant. In viewing all the evidence admitted at trial in the light most
favorable to the Commonwealth, the evidence was sufficient to enable the jury to find, beyond a
reasonable doubt, that defendant was guilty of aggravated indecent assault of a child, corruption
of a minor, and unlawful contact with a minor.
B. Weight of the Evidence
The defendant also challenges the weight of the evidence. When evaluating the weight of the
evidence, the standard of review is as follows:
The weight of the evidence is exclusively for the finder of fact to believe
all, part, or none of the evidence and to determine the credibility of the
witnesses. An appellate court cannot substitute its judgement for that of
the finder of fact. Thus [the Superior Court] may only reverse the lower
court's verdict if it is so contrary to the evidence as to shock one's sense
of justice. Moreover, where the trial court has ruled on the weight claim
below, an appellate court's role is not to consider the underlying question
of whether the verdict is against the weight of the evidence. Rather,
appellate review is limited to whether the trial court palpably abused its
discretion in ruling on the weight claim.
Commonwealth v. Champney, 832 A.2d 403, 408 (Pa. 2001).
On appeal the defendant asserts that the verdict is against the weight of the evidence because
the DNA evidence excluded the defendant as a suspect. 7 As discussed at length above, the jury
heard from numerous witnesses and was able to assess the credibility of the witnesses. Although
7 The defendant preserved this claim in her post-sentence motion. Pa. R. Crim. P. 607.
8
the defendant's testimony contradicted the testimony of the complainant and the DNA didnot
match the defendant, the jury had the full opportunity to evaluate the substance of the testimony
to make the relevant factual determinations, Additionally, "where an appellant argues that
physical evidence is 'inconsistent' with a victim's testimony, but that evidence does not
necessarily exculpate him, the fact-finder may entertain a defendant's alternative theory and
reasonably reject it. In such instances, we will not substitute the fact-finder's judgment with our
own." Wall, 953 A.2d at p. 586; See also Commonwealth v. Burns, 988 A.2d 684, 695 (Pa.
Super. 2009) (the exclusion of a defendant as a DNA contributor does not mandate a finding of
not guilty). In Wall the court rejected the defendant's weight of the evidence claim where DNA
testing excluded Wall's sperm as a match. Id. The court concluded while DNA evidence may
have been an alternative theory it did not require the conclusion that Wall did not rape the victim.
Id.
Here, the jury heard testimony from the complainant who testified credibly that the defendant
touched her "coo-coo" as well as the complainant's mother who testified that she saw blood
between the complainant's legs after she urinated. The jury also heard.testimony that the DNA
evidence did not match that of the defendant. However, the Commonwealth's laboratory expert
presented a reasonable explanation that the DNA could have been removed when the
complainant wiped herself after urinating. The jury had the full opportunity to hear the
defendant's alternative theory and assess its credibility, and chose to reject it. Therefore, this
court finds no merit in the defendant's challenge to the weight of the evidence presented at trial
as it does not "shock one's sense of justice." Commonwealth v. West, 937 A.2d 516, 521 (Pa.
Super. 2007).
9
IV. CONCLUSION
For all of the reasons herein, the defendant's convictions should be affirmed.
BY THE COURT
Woelpper Donna, J. .
10
FILED
APR 2 0 20\6
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
FIRST JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA Crim\na\ Appea\s Un\t
CRIMINAL TRIAL DIVISION first Judicia\ District of PA
COMMONWEALTH OF CP-51-CR-0004971-2013
PENNSYLVANIA
v. 3433 EDA 2015
LATASHA ROBINSON
PROOF OF SERVICE
I hereby certify that I am this 201h day of April, 2016, serving the foregoing Opinion on the
persons indicated below, by first-class & inter-office mail:
Zachary Shaffer, Esq.
Land Title Building
100 S. Broad Street, Suite 1216
Philadelphia, PA 19110
Hugh Burns, ADA
Chief, Appeals Unit
District Attorney's Office
3 South Penn Square
Philadelphia, PA 19107
'
!U~ Richard P. Santosusso, Esq.
Law Clerk to Hon. Donna M. Woelpper