Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion

October31, 1972 hon. Wilson E. Speit, Director Texas Department of Public Safety 5805 N. Lamar Blvd., Box 4087 Austin, Texas 78773 Opinion No. M-1251 Re: Whether third parties' requests for the results of chemical tests taken of alleged offenderscharged with operatinga motor vehicle while under the minfluence' are authorizedto be honored by the Public Safety Depart- Dear Sir2 ment or investigatingofficer? Tour request for an opinion of this office states: Y%ere are occasions when an officer of the Departmentof Public Safety, in the process of investigatingan accident, is able, with the consent of the individual, to obtain from such individual a sample of his blood for chemical analysis for the purpose of determiningits alcoholic content. After the blood has been analyzed, the report of the analysis is secured and used primarily for the purpose of prosecuting for an offense relating to operating a~motor vehicle on the highway while under the influence. [sic] "Often a third party, such as an insurance company or retail credit association,will request of either the Department or the investigatingofficer the results of the chemical test. We would .liketo know if either the Departmentor the officer may, or is obligated to furnish these test results to such parties." Bon. Wilson E. Speir, Page 2, (M-1251) you state that the analysis is secured as part of the Department'sariminal investigativeactivities,directed toward possible use by the district attorney in prosecutionfor a criminal offense. As such it is part of a criminal investigation file, and not open for general public inspection. The common law has traditionallyheld that such files are not public records, and may be kept secret, Although there is no Texas case on point, there is likewise no Texas statute altering the common law rule, except on accident reports. Article 67016, V.C.S. The Florida Supreme Court in Lee v. Beach Pub. Co., 173 So. 440, 442 (1937) stated the rule as followsr "The appellantcontends that there are certain records in the police department of a city which ,mustbe kept secret and free from common inspection as a matter of public policy. This is true. The rule as stated in 23 R.C.L. 161, is as followsr "The right of inspectiondoes not extend to all public records or documents, for public policy demands that some of them, although of a public nature, must be kept secret and free from common inspection,such for example as diplomatic correspondenceand letters and despatches [sic] in the detective police service or otherwise relating to the appre- hension-andprosecutionof criminals." As more recently stated in Whittle v. Munshower, 155 A.2d 670, 672 (Md.App. 19601, cert. den. 362 U.S..981: 'In the absence of statutory requirement,it is generally held that police records are confidential. See 45 Am.Jur., Records and Recording Laws, 526, p. 433.' In accord% Moore v. Bd. of Freeholdersof Mercer Coun A.2d 748 (N. Act recognized and preservedthe common law rule An its statutory scheme, which exempted from regulation@riderthe act "investigatoryfiles compiled for law enforcementpurposes except to the extent availableby law to a party other thank an agency," 5 U.S.C. 8552(b)(7). -6122- Hon. Wilson E. Speir, Page 3, (M-1251) Since Texas has no statute requiring public access to the contents of criminal investigatoryfiles, the Department is not requiredto disclose the results of chemical blood tests to third persons. On the other hand, since such test results are part of such investigatoryfiles, voluntary disclosure by the Departmentor one of its officers should be governed by the same considerationsand regulationsgoverning voluntary disclosureof the contents of any other criminal investigatory file. See Attorney General Opinion No. M-1172 (1972). If such decisions are reserved for the Director, or the District Attorney, such should be the rule here, as well, absent a special regulationto the contrary. SUMMARY The Department of Public Safety is not required to disclose to third parties the results of chemical tests taken of alleged offenders charged with operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated. Voluntary disclosure of such information to third parties should rest on the same considerationsas disclosure of the contents of other criminal investi General of Texas Prepared by Lang A. Baker Assistant Attorney General APPROVED: OPINION COMMITTEE Kerns Taylor, Chairman W. E. Allen, Co-Chairman John Banks Ben Harrison Bob Lattimore Wax Hamilton