Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion

OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TkXAs

AUSTIN

Ronorabls6tta r'.?&mm
cQuntynttQr!lop
aoloradoCQuatt

Mu?mtQbeawy
I)sn8 thm 0r

ment OR the rollowbg pueat1aaar
“1. can P amrifr or k3tata FfigkmyI%dmal-
sum legal1 searoh an autaiisblle sue oted o?
harlng via l aSed a State dame Lew ui tr ouli having
 =Art.9,asdQr the Pw8l cdl4 6r Ma4 gites
tha Oaaalaaloawrs ud thei’rdaputles oi %he @am,
M8h end oyeer @wi5slon autholrlty to waroh
an aatorwbllsrhiah they have rw80~ to suspot
of havw gmma Ulegally Ml3.d. So far, f oan
rind no lew gi~iae the Sberiifor the Stats Qh-
wag Patrolwanthis right,Heither048 Z find any
law glvla(l,e,tthsrof them a r
eutomobllewbi6h he 011 &s 0 posa4ssi~ atelea
llvo8tootexempt thro,3 the r4@l4r
's"" t* abamels
Mamh aaOf
the iseareh wemnt.
Vhere may be wmi@ oa8ss applioabl6totha
fame whiob I hat6 been unable to tlnd. M'till
4 praoiateIIruling: on the sane ad aoj advtoo
tfl
emon.-
Artials'17%otloa 9, ab the %nstitation d? Tww,
proridoaa.8foilasr
'*The people rhallbe noum in their permm,
howrrs,paperaaad pwsssabon8, fpaa au u.?&maon-
able s&zuna OT a&aswhea,aad nb wexrantto searah
any plaoe or to wPs0 Cuy gOro0n Or thQig, aball
iwue witbut deeorlblnfg thur a6 near a8 may ba,
nor withoat pdeibl6 ORUM, rupportedby oath OF
airirr;ation.
Arts&a f, fbation10 of the hM?titutJicnOf T@x@~,
providssfn part that in all ortinaZ pxo845aticmathb aerII8#
 “Art. 809. Thrmluoof proo,eaitag,dimt-
Ed to 80 purMo4 la appl ln& for a warrantto
maroh for aa& ulne rt’d M preporty,an4 the
nil0~ mt3ribea rar O~OOXVI in muing 8~
warran?rrand exeoutlw the MM, the Qiepositdpn
of the ropert miced, and all other rule8 hsroia
Pm&d on Fho rubjeot,ahall applyand be
~urmmd whetithe propertyto be aareEa4 forum
oequirod in say manner in rblatlon ot 8ny pxedrl-
slon ot thm .feml Cod.."
‘fboroam wveral Ar6iol.rof the Fanal O&o of
Taas that make violationsof tha Oups Ima rwh aaal of-
ianre~aaaould ocraedthlnthe pzwidans ot SOQiion 1 of
&Mole SCM of tk Usbe of OrlmlaalFrooedureabate mrmrod
to, IIIthat propmt ooae othrrmarIaorthaa
theftwhiohmaitalr 1 penal orfwmo, um#@
Eda 8&$0106 b?ing:
drti810.89s ai th0 PW aade mrb6 it a ri0z0-
tioa of the law for any permn to kill .ortak a6re thaa
the &ally,weekly or maseanblb~-lh$$ 6.t.i orth in mid
lat or w pessenkilling,takln(,hunt *-Las, fH
6hOOt~8t~@Wtobbfrd. Or- a&ml *a mf otbett%me
OS the year, axeoptdaringthe o en:wqon a8 pmridad tar
in da bhaptertor any prson kguWr taking,-pfwiag,
rouaalngor 6hootln#J at My bb%rdor as*-r0w
whlohno o~naemonla~mt iBQ"
bsdbf &Id faw.
Artiole874 of 6aid Penal Code amkus it Mfnihl
for any pram ti ~thlrState to’kill oatoh notmid,taka
#hoot at, dl hate In pomeasion, livfag or dmd, any Wd
bird other than a game bird.
miolo 876 of *al& 0060 RI&OS it unlawfultar uy
person to have ln
iire wild doves
lhxloanpheam-itis
any on6 tin458i0aop8
than
Barnsblriia,all kinde
up the one tatal of fiit
not apply to tsamportat
their passssslonior the purpose Of brcm~Ori;atlOn.
miole 8~7 of mid 0060 provideathat it rhul be
nnlawfulfor any person to take,ldll, wmM, shoot at* hunt
OF poeeees, doab crsali:?re,
any aild turkw hena at an? WWO~
of the year exoeptas hereinafterpmvllled.
Haearabl6Otto P.Wm6, P6ge 5

Gther Artiolesat raid Pm61 Uo46 whlah 6ontain
provisionsslailarto thorn above referredto ax% 879a4,
881, ml-a, 881-b.910, an4 9E5-qa-0.
iirtials
897 of the mm1 Co4llof ‘Rn.a OQntain6
the r0uomg pro~iei0tb6~
”. . .

game oag or any oumr zaoapua~o or any naa
munever such &me, Wh an& cSater CkPmZseiaaer
or his deqmtyhe6 reiaonto mxspeetthat 6-h guaw
bag, or other r6ooptuoloor any b , woa, au-
tamobile,or othervehiolemap oonta
-In
lawfullyktlled or takea, a&4 mg pas$%+%-
fused to @r&t the rrmhlng oi Um sam, or who
rofuma to 8-p arch v&cl* when .roques&ea te Qo
so by the OtBb, Flrrhaa& Qatar Coamleslomr,or
his deputg,shell be fir&adsot less than tm ($lO.OOl
aer more than one htWIre4(8100.00)doll.ara.ff
Artiolaa905, 906 and i?W dt 6aid Tenal %da am
a6 tolla6t
"Art.906. The Cam., Yl6h and Oyet6r Wr
eionerau4 hi6 deputi.66 shell hare the 6~6 poser
and authoritya8 rherif?sto aerva 6r%i go-
eestm6 in oonaeotionwith sad06 grwl
the violationsof t&i6 ahapta, SW.1 % tu the
sem power as ehariffr,tonquin a%4 in 6x6@+
ing auoh proaree,an4 6hal.l be entftlodtc ra)-
aoiis the 66m fes6 66 are provide4by lm far
shariire in ntsad~~~eanor~~8.06.

nSaid Cammiiieioner or any of hi6 de&MA66
may arrsrrt withonta warrantany ponan fwnd by
tkem in the act of violatA.ng any of the laws for
th& protceticraand propagationof &am, wild
birds or iioh, and take suah pera6a fakthwith
bsfom a lsaglistrute having juFisdf.oti66. Suoh
armsts nraybe made on Smdey an4 in *hioh oaw
the ?;er&on errwted ahal2 bo ialien befon a
nagietrat6having juriediotlm,awl proOeede4
agailust a6 saoq a6 may be, cm a w6ek day fall0u-
lng the arxwst.”
 "Art. 906. Tt in hereby made a s~eoiti
0uty of tbcr Game Fish an4 0 eter kamisafoner
to enforce t!x sc atut,ee OS t E 8 State for tha
proteation find prtssrvatloa of Ml% gut@ and wild
blmis; ax! fo brlns, cr asum ts be brcm&t, aa-
tlons an2 aroosodkags in the rum of rhs State
o!: kxa8, to rtmover any and ull ities an% peA-
eltisaprovIr:ed iOr In the l6W6 aow in roma
or tiloh nr,y hereafter be enaatad, relatiig 40
wild #am en0 wild birds. ::%&I @&!a., Ylah 6ad
oyster Co.7missIoner may r&e oa9@.aInt and oau38
pxoceedinfp to be ocnumenoe4 a@kInrt any parson
for violati~ any of the laws tar the :: rotso-
tion and nropagatloa of &am aw birds without
the sanotion of the aouatp attonoy of.tle county
In which suoh proossdinga ara oaapwnosd; aa
In such aasea he shell not be rquired to I&-
nish aeaurity r0r aosts.-
,"AFt.909. 9x0 possesoioon of any wild gtum
bird wIln fowl, or wild gas%8animalm?ntiom4
in ?&a abater wðer(f~aad or alive durw
the time wh'b kkng or takln(:1s prckbitfid

thie Btate at any season; prollded, that the ~rx~ty
bringingthe @aam Into this State 6hd.l pSOaw6
frcm the Game, Fish and uyster CcntnIesIoner, or
from one ot his deputies a psraIt to briarq oem
into the state, and ehad prwure from the @Ited
States oustoll osflosr at the pert of antry a
stettament ahOwIng that 8wh @ame wae brou@b irOn
the ~~~ubilio o? fkiooi and prcwidrd further,
that @Uoh party o-ply with the prov!stineof
this Act re+latIn the shipcneat and aale ot suah
wild &arm birds, WLI fowls, or ganzetz!&nals."
The provisionsof the etetuQe3tully authorlz*the
, Leigh aad iget,er 3omraisaionor
rwilQ (nw the *me, piah an4
Qyater C-irsaion, A*tIola 978.f Of the ~MIi%l COllS Of Te-8)
to gear& autamb$.lea when such GWmliMIOner, Or cf@ 4OPutYs
has mamn to sqeot that suoh autamobI1.a OOntaIne
mlmvftally kIlled. or te~ern~ A S~&F of the Texes &?$aY
Honorable a~tto r’. Lcme, T.‘aiie 7

Fatrol is olotked with all tha powers aml authority given
by law to amber8 of the $?ezae Rahgar Soroe (Artlole 44I.3
(UT),seation4, of tile RevisedOlVil. IJtatuteo of TSs.aa),
w:!ioh are the az~% a@ the :>owere and authority given to
all peaae offlaers (Art&ale 4413(&l), seation 4,); but no
authority is ?lVen to sharlffs, or other peace oiflaem,
to aeareh autombllea auupeeted of oontn1nIn.gguna taken,
killedor po8eeaaedin VlolatlOnor a State oapreLaw without
havinga valid saareh warrant. Bssl608, it would seem frav
the Saot that much speoiflo authority has been given to
those whom apeclal duty it la to enforce the gaae laws
and not +;lvanto lirherlffs
~4 other peaoa offloors that
It wa8 not the intentionof the Legislaturethat sherllfr
and other peace offloors should have such authority. It
is the opinion of thlm departroant, thenfora, that a sherlfr
or Sate highway patrolma oannot lap;ally soar& an auto-
nob110 suapectadof 0ontalnlnfS
gasp taken killed or po6-
aesaed in vlolstlon of a State Ofimo hew * I tbmt having a
valid maroh warrant.
As to the seoo~d question aeked by you, the aitua-
tlon Irr dllfersnt, la that, nrhilathe MLPLOprovi~lona of
above roiemad to,
the coda ot Crldnal Yroaobura of 'Solrae
(ArtlclaQO4AS2 of tJm Co40 of Crimlnnl rrooedura of pxa8)
govema aa to the iseuanm and erewtion of searah nmui08
srd gmemlly apeakIng, an autombile when suspeeted oi
having stolenlivestockt?.eref;n oannot & seanhod qdthout
the party 8OfU'QhiAT; maae havlns a valid search warrant, yet
there are come srituatlonr uhder which a marah of suoh au-
tomoblla80~1.8 be legally raedo witaout a search warrahti
krtfolesax, 213 an8 2lb of the Coda of CriPlLaal
rr~ebure of pmna e2w a8 follow8t
“Artlale 312. A pSaO@ Qfff8OrOr atly other
P@cs-r wr withoutwarrant,6neat an orfender
when the 0rmaa is ot3amitted in hle prwanoo or
within his him, ir the 0rfan44 16 one olaessd
88 a md~, OF a% an 'Ofr(1118O8gainC4tths publi0
peaaa.**
“Art. 213. !. paaoe orflaer may arrest, rith-
out warrant, when a felony or bveaah of the pesos
has been oomaltted in the premma Prrlthln ths
view ur a mgletrate, an& aueh mgistrate verbally
the arreet 0r the affandar.-
orddsrr,
 it 10 alum by wtioraetary
prcw to a ~aou* offlwr,_upao fbo rya~aatstlon
o f l audible popsoo, #no a raioay aan 6a.B ame
mlttrd an6 that the cfiondarlo about to mm&a,
wtb a ith e n,1 1mt%faO
8 to p r o ma l
r auwr r a nt
lwh
peso0 oftlaor nays withouta-t, pureuood ar-
x-eatth eloauoad~*
mtiol*o 1441 omI U&P of 8bo Panul 0040 rWr7mao
SW aa fellaor
wwhawvar Shall steel uw rttla # hog #ball
be oonfiaa4in #a panl8mW.arj not laor hlnn two
(8) wr mra tbon tan IlO) yauro.~
*Hwa ~4 rsh a ll
o $ a asay
l lb a ep
OF g u sto h o ll
be oaafinadin the pntdentkr7 not loo* thm
fro (8) nor *ora ohan tea (lt3)7aoro.-
It will be not*& thaO *ho W0la purpa84 t3r the l8wr
autk.oriria$tha lumnaa and 8raoution of merob rmantr I#
to oaouracridanaaultb *Mob to oamlot oa* guilty of ~lolo-
Tlmafara unler avlbmu3auolurldtha& ttm
~8~~ it?aRaowtloa 0) a @ear& warrant nn be .wed in
avldonoo, oaaa would be uoeloa~. It bar, boon be14 u&y tlnw
that, ii on oiiiaarhar 0 loeel rSght ts lrraot a p*rwm rWh-
out a uomnt 8f arxwt, any ari6anoarsowd by Mat there-
oftarb~ lcarehwitkumtr eunh wrrwt would be adniomlbla
In avfdwoa agplnstsold Ftt OR trtn1 sor vfolot4on of aems*
orlaiaal law. Thir rule rIIloid dun in 58 Fax, J&w., fe6. 51,
pp. 74-76, lo the iallo*;iqgle8bgm;

Y2m ri&t oi 8wrsh and 848um *iah in
Saoidaatto u lawfularrut Sr aat awflned %5
#o parow af the prlwuar, but axtoadsto the
pine Wham the un8t ma8 #mde aoQ to imom1
pwonoiono, g&se0 02 OuFrwndincpr w44r his
bmadlata @ontntl. For axem#l*,eR outm?dlfr
in ddanbant~o peeoeeoionat &a timr oi hi8 m-
not nay be eaomhod without a iwraaa mhoro ha
woo o~~eoaearor dri vi~ys#a our ,y&lfr,intul-
oatad,0r boQ&w* ha was drslsnghis ur rithout
properlightson thm publiok.%g&uay, OF bsOaU@O
an emupant 5s the auf bd thran tlmrcrina e
vassal aontalnlag whimkay, (DFbaomurr tbo darand-
aat had adviosdt&s ortiaarthuO thare1110ll~or
 ia the @ar+ Ia lam m6an.r)wher6 the osf%omr8
nw the d&mUnt leato an 8utoznobile witb.8 8aak
inwhioh thsyheardbottles olinki~& theyhnvo
witnuwd tha orad8alon of e felongand amy law-
fully maroh the 8aak titer errclrtfnetthe
aoou68d.
wh e rit
e1 88h a th
n a et
t,
tne
time
OSth e
lmrt,
then was whi6k.yon the &round in rush 0108eprox-
idty to the wr aa jwttilod WI. arrwst,it WI
held that ao armh -aa zequlredto determlm that
thorawan llqwr, and tm ooMtitut5.oMl.guaranty
OS unramoanble eeeroh~88 not involved.Eor ~88
any rnroh required whomthaoffioers 8aw thoro-
awed leave l box oontain* whl8k.rin a toilet
whioh did not bslon&to his."
%ltLarulrwr tollmmd in* -80 of .Saandovalv~
state,EQS 8. W. 168, ehleh bavolve4objoetienoto tha ad-
mirs$on of tostinwy 00 the growd that 8-0 had bwn II)-
~jf~~.~;$ $ ~l’~~f~~:b~~t~
rollart
“Wefindth r ee
b ill8OSlx u p tb ai&.oohf
th wmlatw to the ob eotlon to thm krtlnm$
OS bho iHfSo8m upon t i6$ mtnd th a t
the inSo r -
wtiott WXtVO~d W8 inrR 88lb1e'cod8rth eltr t-
ute laludlag tuth a o q umth r o u6 a ah
il-
legal wroh. “3tie 727a,a.C. F.
8.0 Art
"A8 we Under8tItltd
the ~MWd, the apti-
1-t 8tappedhi8 autombile a til aint ILear
8OEO be8rdw oar8 ia whleh *ou f&xiun F&l*

the ur %ill%UQ8hat- a 88ok end the *Opel-
lant 8 hit168 ia hi8 pooket8, ooam Of whioh
w.eaxaxd~wd to view end some cxtwhhiohwre in
Ho -8 wr.sMd, atldthe bOttd66
wr6 madi to oontda wlllakey.
 'A felony oimmitt~ in the pneQmoe and
View Of .llOdOW, jWtifie8 tha -8t Of the
offmndarwithout a warmnt. Artidle &lS, 2l.5
c. G. x'.19ast mdgqIrs v. Gtato,i3Tax. hpp. 626,
and other @aims oolletedla Bnmoh'e AM.. Per.
T. c. t 1979; cripwn v. stats,GO Tex. Cr. R.
eOS 189 6, W. 496. Tt 18 not to b@ understood
th.6 an lrre8tw be tmQe oa mm euspfoion.
&tie10 1.1 0 Of the OOMtittttiW inhibitsthi8.
680 Lao v. Stat.,7 Tax. Agp. 411 Odentbfil v.
State f 4ax. Cr. App,) 890 n. Vj. 744.

=Xn the prawnt eatw, them mom% to havo
been more)than 8 Wm 8U8~,i&Hl. lhsTQ-8 Y?O-
bablo anuse to wmmnt thie belid by the off'
f 08T8
that the bottloaoontainedwhlakeyor latoriocrt-
iag liquor. worn warrantedunQ.r
the faots in writhe gcounQ
that an oirenn b un lewtltt$in d their 9rS8-
l=8e Ea r inga We a le g a ll
r r 68t. th 4 wc lmp r iv-
W.geQtonear& SW A$~llo V. United StatQ8,
a59 0, Ei eo, 45 6. ot. 4, 70 L. m. 145g samiao
V. StitOi8S 'ESX. or* % 481, m4 6. K. 863) mm
v. state;84 TWX. Cr. 3. 345; a07 s. a. 06; Joae8
v. state,8l5.T~.Cr. R. 538 &14 S. W. 82&L Ta
our +lgamt, the iaote ia t&r passeat e&8* do not
brlag it with&n tha parole of artiole 727. awra.
Sea Battle v. Etato, 105 Tex, Cr. R. 565,.Z&O Sb
c'.768.
"The jl-xlgment
i6 afrilwd."
A 8lmllar holdi' wae mede ia the 0~8 ti Cothran
v. stats) rao 6. W, (M) $80 ehioh htv01Vdl the @&&8iO2i O?
evlamwo agalnetone abar&ed'wlthvlolatlonof the l%?uor
mr #wund bg 8 8-h
laws and which aaid rr~M8!kor of 8t1
autcmobilotithouta seazahwarmat, and the hurt of tWmlael
Appealsheld a6 follower
*Appellant,by bill of rxwptioa number
one, oamp~ahtaof thQ Qdmi88iOnOf tQStfPlblV
by the officer8 relltivsta what they Qi8oUVer
ed aa a r%sult o? a seamh of appollant'eoar
withouta saamh warrant. Eie obfsotion th%re-
to was that tha armat me nit&out a warrant
end ths 8eelWhCf hi8 aut-bile tile&; that
oone~quantlythe evldeno& Qfasoversd t8 . r~-
cult or the srrrmbwa# lnadaie8iblat?aderArt.
 7ft78, CcC.P. Varrpan98 hn, tha.r.. art. 7878.
Undrr &t, &SO bnOa~8 ht. Y, 0. offfoor8
have a lawful,right to m8ke an lr m8tfor 6
violationof the llguorlaw anQ to eearoh00
probableOaU88. If the OfffOOr8 haadprobable
aawe to wke tha 8rrert thbn ths evldenoe
Qiuovered 8% o nmult oh the oontaeporau8ow
e@a?ohwas l4mtmlble.*
krtiolrSIIS of th* Co5e of Wlmbal PrOsr(ltrso
oi Texas 16 88 follows:
*hll m~yatttuhave
a ri@t to pnvtatthe
OOZW6~U~~O~8 oi’ thdt by WiZU@$ aajr ptU’S0n.l
property whish heen Hiolen,enQ brl@w
ha8
it rith th* 8upparcid offendor, if he 00~.k
tahtt, befor*a ma&tnta for examination, or
delLiWrltt$
the 8I1A6 to a pettoe QffiOer iOr th.t
8uoh wlzum tllore alwt,
iiz:E b?rii!iiiii.,
3 la @mtutd fb r\lppO8e?1 the
proprt; to k stolen,and the 8elzuramustbe
openlym.Qe at@ the proowdiaga had withcutUC
l8y."
4 ‘&x, hr. &Or 18, p'pe756-757,Z-48 dJt puf
a8 tollars:
rlpo warrant
18 requiredunder the PrfYvi-
iltOn8 8tatUt.rLEhe MltdiiW~t18 Rat
Of this
eontrollednor np8aleQ afther6xpm881 or
izq~ie(U by the tama of the uearoh alli wizure
1.w P MI izm aaamh withouta varrad an4 pro-
hzgiag .theu&o of evfdmm thu8 iUS 1 Is@-
Ths pruvlsl4mis af aouvm appf?ioa lo
to s situationwhere prr,oxty ia beIn% apeti~
otolen-ae war decided % a e.80 whom aniao18
wen a&mpts4 to b% ratioha in O&MI 48fiaao8
oi tho mner. The authorit of the 8tatUte IuRr
be invokedal8o where the 09MIicWOanOeSafford
reu8oXmble $tTiUT'i~S
i-OrBWWtfnfi t;hIht PraPlbrf~
is being etoum. Ths evLdonotlshould,St appsare
be lwffiolerlt to tthovthat therewarn,a8 required
by the statute,reaaonabls @WuiQ to @WV-
tkat the property was atolen. It Be&Oheld to
be not only the right but the duty Of an Ofiieer
Efollorable
Otto F. &or*, Pa@@ la

@eo& otolen re6entlf. Privateindividorlrwk-
ia% 8n arrant
under the ntatuta azw de feoto OS-
floem, and have the 6-e rightsa8 an offioer
de jure. It is not reguirod that the peram ap
prehended we6 in poeaewlon of the property.
Even where It turaa out that the agprehende4
party we not la hot qullty the amat ir
8han t6 ha+* born .llthorir4 ii t&o olrsu-
dUlOe8 aiiondd -8-m* Cpouad8 fOZ SW&
o ia n. l .”

In th e ewe a ? R e p wo r th v. Otsta 1 8 8. vi. ( a d)
1018 the Sollowla%hoMIng ma nrde qon the fasta atate4,
t6-witr
“Apmlad with tlrtt-
trro lad oomgan%oas,
ed the EarlsanStore la Amarill0 on htober 18,

*l!hrohlef ~ontsntfonai wqollant mlird
6n for
reverwl is the reoeptiona? thie of-
fleer*@lvldewe r e& a ir ding
wh a twa s f6ua dla
pouersfon of appellant. Cl&i is wds that,
the arrest being i2lagsil, the ev1donoeobtained
br reason of sam ~88 i.nndnis&l~e and its re-
oeptioa in umidenseinhlbltsdby the terras cvf
our rewntlg entaotod aearuham? relxure at&Ate.
Thetrif&aourtaQmittod thoavld*Me agO0 the
mithkttntheory that tho offiwr had 8een ln-
fanned by a ondlble person ttut a feccrlcm7
had
been ocauuittedaad Tibetthe atienberWEi about
to e8eepeb Under the tarmll ot UtiOle h?l5,
C,C+P,, this autho&ed an arrest without0
lMIrlWlt,%t th. pndloato t-h-i5 8takd W58
prsttent.All of aPpellaat'* prq#o8lt:o58n-
oolve around talr IBiatakmthmzy aad mlek
ohldZy to the in8uffioleao7 of t&e evldenao
to tiuprmrtaa7 ttuahoonolucllo~~+Bsththetfi8l
oourt and oounrelfor ap lpi bye appnrent-
17 overlcwed art101038r -ias
l8 fdL1OW81 'aa p@r#OW i&&& t0 PI'@-
vat the oonrequanao8 of theft by wlsing uy
paroam proport~uhloh has #ur etalen,and
bringlwsif, with the mpw8ed offendmr,it ha

haU withoutde&y.'
* Under the wpnn tar50 of tbir 5tattxtr
it w&s the rt(fht a8 w&1, 88 th8 duty, Of th.
offieor ta *rnal appallant an4 meover tb
8toleagood8* '40 tbghl right to arrwt 6oa-

reoentlyreeehed oowtrwfloa bp the sspmw
court otthis 8teItelnthe ewe Bfmlder5em
v. u;s;F.kn.Co., a98 % 8. 4oS)d atis MmKtr-
ity oontai.tut
the iollowta$la at *By virtued
artlela385, a ll p er tto tu reveat
the eomequeaoem of theft*not 0ikl7 b7 I s%t~g
the rxqm%7 whLob ha8 km atelea,btdi b7 a-
rertlng the 6fYotiU~r.Mweover, La dAt8apt~
to do them th ingl@athOri5edb7 thf8 utfitl~,
per8enaM aetlngir0uM a& be imlltrof falm
iaqwhmtent, 8hstid tb8Pe be XVM8oJWble@'0U5d
to mtppoawthe propert 6toUus end tlm mrt7
takea to be the offetwler notwitbatradin& it
ehould thereaftertrUt8pha that $h prOpert
we not 8tolen,and!that the perron taken W68
not a thief,*I1
nonoreble Otto I'. Howe, Page 114

Artlole 1444~1 reads au fo~bW8t

nmy person who Is the driver of Wy truok,
autmobile or ot!Hr veb~lolr ocntalaing any live-
stock cr &rjlLestlo Pm11 tiieh is ~~03 or belly
&lien upon any lsnd of whloh said driver 1s nut
ouer, lessee, renter or tenant, or whloh 5s upon
or being driven upon any hi&may, pub110 Bfnet
or thoroughfwe, who fails to have la his pea-
ttossio~ and exhibit to my perean or geaae of-
iiaer upon demand a written permit authorizing
aaid niOVum5t, 81@lbd by tl.w Wner 0, OWetaker
of said liVO8twk or dmeatlo fW1 or iscl;! the
owner cr per8on in oontrol of the,land frca~ whioh
said driver began anld aovement &all be fined
not lee8 than ?kenty-five i&!LbQ) ,Bollara ,mr
@ore than So Euwlred (~aOO.00) Dollara .for 'ueh
hoad of llvestoak am eaoh dansstia towI in oatd
unlaas
~tnoveaiettt, *al4 driver upon demandof ruid
penon or peaoe otiioer makes, aigw and 4ellvera
to raid pemon or per100 offleer a wxitten ,stata-
ment oontaining all the herein raw
lleiaaratlon
qulzwd to be 1nolucIed ln permits. Said driVOS
Bhall be fined not less them 'Iksnby-tlve ( 26.00)
Dollar8 nor more than '1510Eugdred (&NO~OO! l%l-
lara for aaoh head of llvoatookand aaah dcmestla
iowl in said aovement rhloh is not oovemd by
all the rollawing infomatlon: 2&e of pleee a?
orig$.n, 1noludl.1~ name of ranah or ether plaoe;
point of destination lnoludiw, nam of ranoh,
market oenter, gaoking: house or other PlbOS; nrm-
be]: of livestock or iOWl with the de8orfptiOn
thereof, inoludlng kind, bread, OOlOr, and al80
marks and brands If them bo e Fallum or
reeiueal of suoh driver to exhfb"9' t to a person or
peeoe ofTloar said permit or to m&a said @t&c
ment , ah611 constitute prabable oauae for any
person or psaoe offioor to eeerah said truok or
vohiole to asosrtaln if it oontelns an7 stolen
ljveatook or stolen domeatlo Powlr and to detain
s&C n:CVon;eRt a reasonable lan@h Of the t0
asoertain whether auy stolen Ilvestoak or stoiQn
fowls are oontained thereln. ;sJr driver who has
15 his poasoseion my false of rowed mmzit or
who mkes any false written statemnt shall be
SXonorsble
Otto P. lrOtmar
Pa@ 16

rim aot lam than Two Hundred EOO.OO)ml-
lare nor mom than F&ve Hun4xed 8OQ.00)Dol-
lam or ho rhallbe impr1ran.d in the aounty
jail not ler8 Ohm elxty (00) daya nor 0we
than six (6)noatha,or ho 8ball bo &wnishaU .
by both ,auati
ilao and laprlsonmuit. It 18 pro-
vlded that t&o gxovisfonaof thlm Aat &all aLso
to slmghtend livmtoek uxd Buls ur(L

ui4 arzorttor whoa ruoh party or pazt%oe‘wn#ent to 8uoh
8eaxeh.
&VED SE 18. 1942 IOW voxy txuw