NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court."
Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the
parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R.1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-3031-15T4
STATE OF NEW JERSEY,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
GREGORY DIXON,
Defendant-Appellant.
_________________________
Submitted May 23, 2017 — Decided June 21, 2017
Before Judges Koblitz and Rothstadt.
On appeal from the Superior Court of New
Jersey, Law Division, Camden County,
Indictment Nos. 15-11-3334 and 15-11-3357.
Joseph E. Krakora, Public Defender, attorney
for appellant (Michele A. Adubato, Designated
Counsel, on the brief).
Mary Eva Colalillo, Camden County Prosecutor,
attorney for respondent (Nancy P. Scharff,
Assistant Prosecutor, of counsel and on the
brief).
PER CURIAM
Defendant Gregory Dixon entered into a plea agreement where
he pled guilty to two indictments charging, on separate dates and
locations, the fourth-degree crime of driving while his license
was suspended for a second conviction of operating a motor vehicle
while under the influence of alcohol (DWI), pursuant to N.J.S.A.
2C:40-26(b). The State agreed to recommend that he serve the two
mandatory 180-day jail sentences concurrently. Defendant appeals
only the custodial sentence, which he has now completed.1 We
dismiss the appeal as moot, but briefly discuss the merits.
Defendant raised the following points on appeal:
POINT I: THE USE OF 35 YEAR OLD UNCOUNSELED
DWI CONVICTION TO SENTENCE DEFENDANT TO A
MANDATORY 180 DAY SENTENCE UNDER N.J.S.A.
2C:40-26 (b) WAS AN ILLEGAL SENTENCE AND MUST
BE VACATED.
POINT II: THE DOCTRINE OF FUNDAMENTAL FAIRNESS
MANDATES THAT DEFENDANT'S 180 DAY CUSTODIAL
SENTENCE BE VACATED.
"An issue is 'moot' when the decision sought in a matter,
when rendered, can have no practical effect on the existing
controversy." Greenfield v. N.J. Dep't of Corrs., 382 N.J. Super.
254, 257-58 (App. Div. 2006) (internal quotation marks and citation
omitted). "[O]ur courts normally will not entertain cases when a
controversy no longer exists and the disputed issues have become
1
Defendant sought a stay of sentence pending appeal, which we
denied on April 7, 2016. Our Supreme Court denied a stay again
two days later.
2 A-3031-15T4
moot." De Vesa v. Dorsey, 134 N.J. 420, 428 (1993). We generally
do not render advisory decisions retrospectively opining about the
legality of matters that have already been resolved, for
"[o]rdinarily, our interest in preserving judicial resources
dictates that we not attempt to resolve legal issues in the
abstract." Zirger v. Gen. Accident Ins. Co., 144 N.J. 327, 330
(1996). Defendant's objection to his 180-day jail sentence is
rendered moot because he already served it.
However, we briefly review the facts and law, as we did in
our order denying a stay, for the sake of completeness. On
February 29, 1980, defendant was convicted of driving while
intoxicated (DWI), N.J.S.A. 39:4-50, without counsel present. He
was convicted of the same offense again in May 2014 and his
driver's license was suspended for seven months. During that
suspension, he was charged with the two crimes at issue here.
In State v. Sylvester we held that the defendant's reliance
on the post-conviction remedy fashioned by our Supreme Court in
State v. Laurick, 120 N.J. 1, cert. denied, 498 U.S. 967, 111 S.
Ct. 429, 112 L. Ed. 2d 413 (1990), addressing un-counseled DWI
convictions, could not be used to collaterally attack a conviction
for driving while suspended. 437 N.J. Super. 1, 7 (App. Div.
2014). We stated: "The Court's remedy in Laurick applied only to
the custodial term required for repeat offenders in a DWI
3 A-3031-15T4
conviction under N.J.S.A. 39:4-50" and not a sentence imposed for
violating N.J.S.A. 2C:40-26(b). Ibid.
Defendant admitted he knew his license was suspended on both
occasions when he drove. The propriety of that suspension based
on a potential collateral attack on one of the underlying DWI
offenses is not relevant.
Dismissed as moot.
4 A-3031-15T4