State v. Openshaw

No. 13316 I N THE SUPREME COURT O THE STATE O F MONTANA F THE STATE O F MONTANA, P l a i n t i f f and Respondent, DERYL O E S A P N H W and CHARLES MAXWELL, D e f e n d a n t s and A . p p e l l a n t s . Appeal from: D i s t r i c t C o u r t of t h e T h i r t e e n t h J u d i c i a l District, Honorable R o b e r t Wilson, J u d g e p r e s i d i n g . Counsel o f Record: For A p p e l l a n t : Moses, Kampfe, T o l l i v e r and W r i g h t , B i l l i n g s , Montana J l . Frank Kampfe a r g u e d , B i l l i n g s , Montana For Respondent : Hon. Michael G r e e l y , A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l , H e l e n a , Montana Harold H a n s e r , County A t t o r n e y , B i l l i n g s , Montana C h a r l e s A. B r a d l e y , Deputy County A t t o r n e y , a r g u e d , B i l l i n g s , Montana Submitted: January 2 4 , 1977 Decided: Filed: -JZ$ - '- ,977 M r . J u s t i c e Gene B . Daly delivered t h e Opinion of t h e Court, Defendants appeal from t h e judgment of t h e d i s t r i c t c o u r t , Yellowstone County, which denied defendants' motion t o r e i n s t a t e t h e i r not g u i l t y p l e a s and deferred defendants' sentence f o r one year upon t h e condition defendants serve one year i n t h e Yellowstone County j a i l , while p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n a work r e l e a s e program. O October 20, 1975, t h e Yellowstone County a t t o r n e y f i l e d n an Information charging defendants with t h e f t of a Black Angus s t e e r , i n v i o l a t i o n of s e c t i o n 94-6-302(1), R0C.M. 1947. Defendants were taken i n t o custody and, a f t e r pleading n o t g u i l t y t o t h e offense a s charged, released on bond pending t r i a l before Hon. Rbbert H. Wilson. O February 9 , 1976, defendants appeared f o r n arraignment before Hon. Charles Luedke. During t h e arraignment defendants made a motion t o withdraw t h e i r former p l e a s of n o t g u i l t y t o plead g u i l t y t o felony t h e f t . The d i s t r i c t c o u r t accepted defendants' g u i l t y p l e a s and ordered pre-sentence i n v e s t i - g a t i v e r e p o r t s be submitted t o t h e c o u r t p r i o r t o pronouncement of judgment and sentencing, s e t f o r February 20, 1976. On February 20, 1976, defense counsel r e a s s e r t e d defendants' d e s i r e t o withdraw t h e i r o r i g i n a l p l e a s of n o t g u i l t y and e n t e r p l e a s of g u i l t y t o t h e charge i n t h e Information. The d i s t r i c t c o u r t granted defendants' motion a f t e r a s c e r t a i n i n g t h a t defendants were a c t i n g v o l u n t a r i l y and were aware of t h e consequences of a g u i l t y plea. O March 5 , 1976, defense counsel f i l e d an a f f i d a v i t i n sup- n p o r t of a motion t o withdraw t h e g u i l t y p l e a s previously entered. On March 23, 1976, t h e d i s t r i c t c o u r t , Hon. Robert H. Wilson pre- s i d i n g , denied defendants' motion t o withdraw t h e g u i l t y p l e a s and proceeded to pronounce judgment and sentence defendants. The district court ordered defendants' sentence be deferred for one year, the defendants to be placed on probation under the supervision of the State Board of Pardons. One of the condi- tions of the one year deferred sentence was that defendants serve one year in the Yellowstone County jail while taking part in a work release program which would allow defendants to continue in their employment. Defendants present two issues for review: 1 Did the district court err when it refused to grant . defendants' motion for withdrawal of guilty plea? 2. Did the district court abuse its discretion when it deferred imposition of defendants' sentence, but required defendants to serve one year in the Yellowstone County jail with release for working hours? Defendants initially contend the district court erred when it denied defendants' motion to withdraw their guilty pleas and reenter their original pleas of not guilty. Defendants' argue that when they plead guilty to theft they misunderstood the element of intent. Since defendants shot the steer while "spotlighting" deer, they conclude the taking of the property was accidental and the criminal theft fails. The prima facie case for theft is set forth in section 94-6-302(1), R.C.M. 1947: "1sA (). person commits the offense of theft when he purposely or knowingly obtains or exerts unauthorized control over property of the owner, and: " a has the purpose of depriving the owner of the () property; or " b purposely or knowingly uses, conceals, or aban- () dons the property in such manner as to deprive the owner of the property; or "c () uses, conceals, or abandons the property knowing such use, concealment or abandonment probably will deprive the owner of the property," Criminal intent at the time of the shooting of the steer is unnecessary under the present facts. Even if the steer was shot "accidentally1', defendants satisfied the prima facie case for theft when they knowingly butchered a steer belonging to another and carred the carcass to their home, thus depriving the lawful owner of his personal property. When defendants initially withdrew their plea of not guilty in order to enter a plea of guilty the district court judge thoroughly questioned defendants on the voluntariness of their act and their knowledge of the con- sequences of the guilty plea: "THE COURT : ": 9 * * Now, under this charge what they're saying is that you stole and butchered a steer, and when you plead guilty you're telling me that's (w)hat you did. Is that what you did?" Defendants answered in the affirmative. We hold the district court fully discharged its duty to insure that defendants submitted their guilty plea voluntarily and understood the consequences of the plea. Once defendants entered a plea of guilty they admitted all issues of fact and nothing remained to go before a jury. The district court did not err when it failed to grant defendants' subsequent motion to withdraw the plea of guilty and reenter the plea of not guilty. State v. Scalise, 131 Mont. 238, 309 P.2d 1010. Defendants' second issue on appeal attacks the district coutt's pronouncement of sentence. The district court deferred defendants' sentence for one year but imposed a one year term in the Yellowstone County jail with release during normal working hours. Section 95-2206 ( ) R.C.M. 1947, is controlling: I, "Whenever any person has been found guilty of a crime or offense upon a verdict or a plea of guilty the court may: " 1 Defer imposition of sentence for a period not () to exceed one ( ) year for any misdemeanor; for a period 1 not to exceed three (3) years for any felony. The sentencing judge may impose upon the defendant any rea- sonable restrictions or conditions during the period of the deferred.imposition. Such reasonable restrictions or conditions may include: "a () jail base release; "b () jail time not to exceed ninety (90) days; " (c) conditions for probation; "d () restitution;. " ( e ) any other reasonable conditions deemed necessary for rehabilitation or for the protection of society; " (f) any combination of the above ." The significant phrase in section 95-2206(1) is "The sentencing judge may impose upon the defendant any reasonable restrictions or conditions during the period of the deferred imposition." In the instant case the district court confined defendants to the Yellowstone County jail to be released during normal working hours, but required them to spend all weekends and all evenings in the Yellowstone County jail for the entire year of the deferred imposition of sentence. We find such a restriction or condition of deferred imposition of sentence to be unreasonable in light of the conditions of deferred sentence set out in section 95-2206(1)(b). We remand the cause to the district court for modification of sentence in accordance with section 95-2206(1)(b), which limits "jail time not to exceed ninety (90) days". The judgment of the district court is affirmed in part and reversed in part, consistent with this op ii/jL.e, fig&zjziz Chief Justice