Matson v. Bracher

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT _______________ m 99-50500 _______________ IN THE MATTER OF: TRAVIS J. MATSON, DEBTOR. TRAVIS J. MATSON, Appellant, VERSUS PHYLLIS BRACHER, TRUSTEE, Appellee. _________________________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas (EP-99-CV-127-H) _________________________ March 2, 2000 Before DAVIS, HALL*, and SMITH, reorganization plan, an unsecured, cosigned Circuit Judges. consumer debt was scheduled to be paid up- front, in full, with interest, before payment of PER CURIAM:** other general unsecured debts; the trustee objected. The bankruptcy court, after a Travis Matson appeals the denial and hearing, denied confirmation because the plan dismissal of his chapter 13 reorganization plan. proposed to pay the cosigned debt ahead of Concluding that his proposal to pay all the general unsecured claims and, as a result, cosigned consumer debt before any general “discriminated unfairly” against the other unsecured debt is without justification, we unsecured creditors in violation of 11 U.S.C. affirm. § 1322(b)(1). Accordingly, the case was dismissed for failure to obtain confirmation of I. the plan. Matson filed a petition for relief under chapter 13. Under the proposed Matson appealed to the district court, arguing that the requirement that any classification of unsecured debts not unfairly * discriminate against general unsecured debts Circuit Judge of the Ninth Circuit, sitting by was not applicable to the special category of designation. cosigned consumer debt. The district court ** affirmed. Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the II. limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. At the time of briefing, this case presented 47.5.4. an issue of first impression in the courts of appeals: whether the prohibition on unfair Thus, we opined that the exception carved discrimination in § 1322(b)(1) applies to out for cosigned consumer debt set up a cosigned debt. Section 1322(b)(1) provides presumption that such classification was not that a reorganization plan may unfairly discriminatory. Nevertheless, we affirmed the dismissal, opining that where the designate a class or classes of unsecured plan proposed to pay the cosigned debt in full, claims, as provided in section 1122 of with 12% interest, there was no justification this title, but may not discriminate for the “high and preferential interest rate.” unfairly against any class so designated; Id. however, such plan may treat claims for a consumer debt of the debtor if an Here, the bankruptcy court rejected individual is liable on such consumer Matson’s plan for the same reasons it rejected debt with the debtor differently than Chacon’s: Both proposed to pay the cosigned [sic] other unsecured claims. debt in full, with 12% interest, before any unsecured debts were paid. Accordingly, the 11 U.S.C. § 1322(b)(1) (emphasis added). bankruptcy court’s conclusion remains correct The ambiguously-worded “however” clause under the test articulated in Chacon, and the led to a split among bankruptcy courts over judgment of the district court, affirming the whether a plan that gives priority to a cosigned bankruptcy court and denying confirmation, is consumer debt is invalid if it unfairly AFFIRMED. discriminates against other unsecured debt.1 That split recently was resolved in this circuit by Chacon v. Bracher (In re Chacon), No. 99-50163, 1999 U.S. App. LEXIS 35624 (5th Cir. Sept. 24, 1999), which originated from the same bankruptcy proceeding as the instant case. In Chacon, we interpreted § 1322(b)(1)’s “however” clause as clarify[ing] that [differential] treatment of cosigned consumer debt is usually not unfairly discriminatory. Differences in treatment are not discriminatory if they rationally further a legitimate interest of the debtor and do not disproportionately benefit the cosigner, e.g. by reimbursing interest where none is due or reimbursing more than the actual amount of the cosigned debt. Id. at *2-*3. 1 Compare, e.g., Nelson v. Easley (In re Easley), 72 B.R. 948, 955-56 (Bankr. M.D.Tenn. 1987) (holding that consumer debts are subject to the proscription on unfair discrimination) with In re Dornon, 103 B.R. 61, 64 (Bankr. N.D.N.Y. 1989) (holding that a cosigned consumer debt is an exception to the general unfair discrimination rule). 2