Filed 2/24/15 Sui v. 2176 Pacific Homeowners Assn. CA4/3
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION THREE
YAN SUI,
Plaintiff and Appellant, G049822
v. (Super. Ct. No. 30-2010-00395852)
2176 PACIFIC HOMEOWNERS OPINION
ASSOCIATION et al.,
Defendants and Respondents.
Appeal from a postjudgment order of the Superior Court of Orange County,
Robert D. Monarch. (Retired Judge of the Orange Super. Ct. assigned by the Chief
Justice pursuant to art. VI, § 6, of the Cal. Const.) Affirmed.
Yan Sui, in pro. per., for Plaintiff and Appellant.
Bonne, Bridges, Mueller, O’Keefe & Nichols, Margaret M. Holm, Robert
A. Zermeno, Jr., and Allyson S. Ascher for Defendants and Respondents.
* * *
Yan Sui appeals from the court’s order denying his motion for attorney fees
in his action against defendants 2176 Pacific Homeowners Association, Stephen D. Price,
and Michelle J. Matteau, which action was dismissed with prejudice by Sui’s bankruptcy
trustee. We affirm.
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FACTS
In August 2010, Sui and Pei-yu Yang filed this action against defendants.
In July 2011, Sui filed a petition for bankruptcy relief in the bankruptcy
court. In May 2012, defendants and Sui’s bankruptcy trustee entered into a settlement
agreement, whereby defendants would pay $5,000 and release Sui’s bankruptcy estate
from any malicious prosecution claims against Sui, in exchange for the dismissal with
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We grant defendants’ request for judicial notice under Evidence Code
sections 452, 453, and 459 as to the following exhibits to the request: Exhibit A
(quitclaim deed from Sui and Pei-yu-Yang to Pei-yu-Yang recorded June 10, 2009),
exhibit B (Sui’s petition for bankruptcy relief under ch. 7 of tit. 11 of the Bankr. Code),
exhibit C (settlement agreement between defendants and Sui’s bankruptcy trustee, dated
May 4, 2012), exhibit E (order from bankruptcy court approving the settlement
agreement), exhibit G (this court’s order dismissing Sui’s appeal of the dismissal in the
superior court, filed Sept. 6, 2013); and exhibit H (order from Ninth Circuit Court of
Appeal dated July 7, 2014 affirming the order of the bankruptcy appellate panel
dismissing as moot Sui’s appeal from the order approving the settlement). The request
for judicial notice as to the following exhibits to the request is denied for the reasons
stated: Exhibit D (trustee’s motion to approve settlement agreement, not necessary after
taking notice of the order on the motion); exhibit F (notice of entry of dismissal, the
document submitted bears a case number for a different action by Sui), and exhibit I
(notice of ruling on motion for attorneys fees, hearsay statement by counsel, and no issue
of timeliness of appeal).
On the court’s own motion, we take judicial notice of the following documents in
the superior court file: (1) notice of entry of dismissal with proof of service filed with the
trial court on December 3, 2012, showing dismissal of Sui’s case by his bankruptcy
trustee on November 30, 2012; and (2) minute order dated February 21, 2014 denying
Sui’s motion for attorney fees.
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prejudice of Sui’s four pending lawsuits against defendants, including the instant action.
The settlement agreement also stated the parties would bear their own attorney fees. The
bankruptcy court approved the settlement agreement and authorized the trustee to carry
out the terms of the compromise.
This case went to trial with Yang representing herself; Sui’s bankruptcy
trustee did not participate in the trial. (Sui v. Price (Sept. 6, 2013, G047311 [nonpub.
opn.].) The court granted defendants’ Code of Civil Procedure section 631.8 motion for
judgment in defendants’ favor. (Ibid.)
On November 30, 2012, Sui’s bankruptcy trustee filed a request for
dismissal with prejudice of this action as to Sui only. On December 3, 2012, the notice of
entry of dismissal was filed and served.
Sui and Yang appealed from the judgment in this case. On September 6,
2013, we filed our unpublished opinion (1) dismissing Sui’s appeal because, inter alia, he
lacked standing since his claim belonged to his bankruptcy estate, and (2) affirming the
judgment as to Yang. (Sui v. Price, supra, G047311.)
On December 27, 2013, over a year after the notice of entry of dismissal
was filed and served, Sui filed a motion for attorney fees, alleging he was the prevailing
party in the action “[b]ecause of the settlement between” his bankruptcy trustee and
defendants.
On February 21, 2014, the court denied Sui’s motion for attorney fees.
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2
DISCUSSION
The court denied Sui’s motion for attorney fees for four independent
reasons: (1) Civil Code section 1717, subdivision (b)(2) provides that “[w]here an action
has been voluntarily dismissed or dismissed pursuant to a settlement of the case, there
shall be no prevailing party for purposes of” the recovery of attorney fees in an action on
a contract; (2) the settlement agreement between defendants and Sui’s bankruptcy trustee
provided that each party would bear their own attorney fees; (3) Sui failed to provide any
evidence that he had in fact incurred attorney fees; and (4) Sui’s motion for attorney fees
was untimely. Each of the court’s reasons for denying Sui’s motion for attorney fees was
correct. Each reason independently supports the court’s order. We address in greater
detail only the ground of untimeliness.
When an action has been voluntarily dismissed, a motion for attorney fees
must be filed no later than 60 days after notice of entry of the dismissal. (Sanabria v.
Embrey (2001) 92 Cal.App.4th 422, 426-427 [rules concerning time for filing attorney
fees motion apply to voluntary dismissals]; Cal. Rules of Court, rules 3.1702(b)(1),
8.104(a)(1)(B) & (e).) Sui filed his attorney fees motion over a year after notice of entry
of dismissal was served and filed. The court properly denied the untimely motion.
Sui argues his bankruptcy trustee’s request to dismiss this case and
defendants’ notice of entry of dismissal were invalid because (1) Sui did not consent to
2
Counsel for Sui’s bankruptcy trustee appeared at oral argument. Counsel
claimed to have filed a brief in this appeal, although we had not seen it. We allowed him
to argue based on his representation that a brief had been filed, and stated we would
strike his argument and not consider it if we did not have a brief on file. Our docket does
not show the filing of any brief by the trustee. On August 18, 2014, the trustee was
notified pursuant to California Rules of Court, rule 8.220(a)(2) that unless his brief was
filed within 15 days, the appeal would be decided on the record, the opening brief, and
any oral argument by the appellants. Accordingly, we strike the oral argument by
counsel for the trustee, and decide this case based only on the record and the briefs that
were filed by the parties.
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the dismissal and (2) the trial court did not issue its own order and notice of entry of
order. As to Sui’s argument he did not consent to the dismissal, his consent was not
required “because his cause of action belonged to his bankruptcy estate.” (Sui v. Price,
supra, G047311; Smith v. Arthur Andersen LLP (9th Cir. 2005) 421 F.3d 989, 1002; see
11 U.S.C. § 541(a)(1).) As to his argument the court did not order the dismissal, the
entry of a request for dismissal “‘is a ministerial, not a judicial, act.’” (Gutkin v.
University of Southern California (2002) 101 Cal.App.4th 967, 975.) “Entry of dismissal
is entered in the clerk’s register and is effective when entered. [Citation.] Entry of
dismissal terminates the action against the dismissed defendants.” (Sanabria v. Embrey,
supra, 92 Cal.App.4th at p. 425.)
Sui’s motion in the trial court was frivolous. His appeal is equally
frivolous. “California courts have the inherent power to dismiss frivolous appeals.” (In
re Marriage of Gong & Kwong (2008) 163 Cal.App.4th 510, 516.) We could well
exercise that inherent power and dismiss Sui’s appeal. Instead, we merely affirm the
manifestly correct order of the trial court.
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DISPOSITION
The postjudgment order is affirmed. Defendants shall recover their costs
incurred on appeal.
IKOLA, J.
WE CONCUR:
BEDSWORTH, ACTING P. J.
FYBEL, J.
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