Missouri Court of Appeals
Southern District
Division Two
ROBERT URBAN, )
)
Claimant-Appellant, )
)
vs. ) No. SD33702
)
REGAL BELOIT AMERICA, INC., ) Filed July 15, 2015
)
Employer-Respondent, )
)
and )
)
DIVISION OF EMPLOYMENT )
SECURITY, )
)
Respondent. )
APPEAL FROM THE LABOR AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COMMISSION
AFFIRMED
Robert Urban (“Claimant”) appeals from the Labor and Industrial Relations
Commission’s (“Commission”) order denying his claim for unemployment benefits following his
termination from Regal Beloit America, Inc. (“Regal”). In his sole point relied on, Claimant
contends that the Commission erred in concluding that he committed misconduct, in that the
decision was not supported by sufficient competent evidence. We disagree and affirm the
Commission’s decision.
1
Factual and Procedural Background
Claimant was an electrician at Regal. On September 9, 2014, Claimant met with his
acting supervisor and expressed dissatisfaction about being assigned to work in “Die Cast.”
Specifically, Claimant stated that he was “tired of working in f***ing Die Cast.” Claimant then
clocked out and left, leaving a note requesting vacation time posted to a chalkboard. Regal
policy required employees to have vacation leave approved in advance. After he left, Tami
Frazee, the human resources manager for Regal, called and notified Claimant via voicemail that
he was discharged because he had “walked off the job without permission.”
Claimant applied for unemployment benefits, and Regal protested. Claimant’s initial
application was denied, and he appealed to the Appeals Tribunal (“Tribunal”). Claimant and
Frazee both testified before an appeals referee. Claimant offered a different timeline of events
than that set forth above, but the Tribunal found that Frazee’s version of events was more
credible. The Tribunal also found that Regal expected its employees to refrain from leaving
during their scheduled shifts without permission and that Claimant walked out during his shift
without permission because he was disgruntled with the work he was being asked to perform.
Accordingly, the Tribunal found that Claimant’s actions amounted to “misconduct” as defined
by section 288.030.1(23)(a). 1
Claimant appealed the Tribunal’s decision to the Commission. The Commission
reviewed the whole record and concluded that the Tribunal’s decision was “supported by
competent and substantial evidence.” The Commission adopted the Tribunal’s decision as the
Commission’s decision in this matter. 2 This appeal timely followed.
1
References to section 288.030 are to RSMo Supp. 2014.
2
When the Commission adopts the decision of the Tribunal, we utilize the Tribunal’s decision in reviewing the
order of the Commission. White v. St. Louis Teachers Union, 217 S.W.3d 382, 389 (Mo.App. 2007).
2
Standard of Review
“The findings of the [C]ommission as to the facts, if supported by competent and
substantial evidence and in the absence of fraud, shall be conclusive, and the jurisdiction of the
appellate court shall be confined to questions of law.” Section 288.210. 3 This Court may
modify, reverse, remand for rehearing, or set aside the decision of the Commission if we
conclude that “there was no sufficient competent evidence in the record to warrant the making of
the award.” Section 288.210. “On matters of witness credibility and resolution of conflicting
evidence, the appellate court defers to the Commission’s determinations.” Ayers v. Sylvia
Thompson Residence Ctr., 211 S.W.3d 195, 198 (Mo.App. 2007). “Questions of law are
reviewed independently, and the appellate court is not bound by the Commission’s conclusions
of law or its application of law to the facts.” Id. The determination of whether an employee’s
actions constitute misconduct connected with work is a question of law, which we review de
novo. Duncan v. Accent Mktg., LLC, 328 S.W.3d 488, 491 (Mo.App. 2010).
Discussion
“Though the claimant has the burden of proving his right to receive unemployment
benefits in the first instance, the employer bears the burden of proving that the applicant is
ineligible because he was discharged for misconduct connected with his work.” Seck v. Dep't of
Transp., 434 S.W.3d 74, 82 (Mo. banc 2014). Section 288.030.1(23)(a) defines “misconduct” as
“[c]onduct or a failure to act demonstrating . . . a knowing violation of the standards which the
employer expects of his or her employee[.]” Regal, therefore, was required to prove (1)
Claimant’s knowing violation of (2) a standard or standards that Regal expected of Claimant.
See section 288.030.1(23)(a).
Ignoring our standard of review, the entirety of Claimant’s factual analysis contends that:
3
References to section 288.210 are to RSMo 2000.
3
Specifically, the referee and Commission appear to have ignored the testimony
regarding a gap of time of at least an hour between [Claimant] complaining about
his working conditions and [Claimant] clocking out for lunch. Instead, the referee
appears to have concluded that [Claimant] clocked out and left work without
permission immediately following his conversation with his coworker.
[Claimant] in fact testified that following the conversation he returned to
work for at least an hour before clocking out shortly before 9:00 am for his lunch
break. [Claimant] was permitted 30 minutes to take lunch. [Regal] made the
decision to terminate his employment sometime before 9:33 am, about 30 minutes
after he had clocked out. He had the intent to return to work at the end of his
break if he had not heard back from his supervisor about his request for vacation
time. Even if [Claimant] had been late returning from lunch, that would still have
merited only a warning.
(Record citations omitted). The Commission was not required to believe any of the evidence that
Claimant sets forth. Brawley & Flowers, Inc. v. Gunter, 934 S.W.2d 557, 562 (Mo.App. 1996)
(“The Commission is free to believe or discount the self-serving testimony of any witness.”).
Claimant’s argument that the decision is not supported by competent and substantial evidence is
no more than a cleverly disguised attempt to re-litigate the conflicting versions of the facts,
which we cannot do. Stern v. Camfield, 411 S.W.3d 859, 860 (Mo.App. 2013).
Frazee testified that Regal expected its employees not to walk off the job without
permission and required employees to have vacation leave approved in advance, that Claimant
was aware of the proper procedure for requesting vacation leave, and that Claimant left work
without permission or preapproved vacation leave immediately after expressing dissatisfaction
with his current position. Frazee also testified that Claimant attempted to justify his leave from
the workplace by noting on a chalkboard as he left that he was taking vacation leave and by
thereafter sending a text message requesting four hours of vacation leave to his regular
supervisor, who was unavailable because he was on a temporary company assignment in the
country of Mexico.
4
Frazee’s testimony concerning Claimant leaving the workplace without permission and
without preapproved vacation leave established that Claimant violated Regal’s expected
standards. Frazee’s testimony concerning Claimant’s stated job dissatisfaction with which
Claimant left work and Claimant’s subsequent attempts to justify such leave as vacation time
while aware that such vacation time was required to be preapproved supports a reasonable
inference that his conduct was “a knowing violation” of those standards. Accordingly, the
testimony of Frazee is sufficient to support the Commission’s decision. 4 Point denied.
Decision
The Commission’s decision is affirmed.
GARY W. LYNCH, J. – Opinion author
MARY W. SHEFFIELD, P.J. – concurs
DON E. BURRELL, J. – concurs
4
Claimant does not set forth any reason that this testimony would not be competent.
5