J-A18039-15
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
PRINCE STREET CENTRE SOUTH UNIT : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
OWNERS ASSOCIATION, INC., : PENNSYLVANIA
:
Appellant :
:
v. :
:
REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY OF THE :
CITY OF LANCASTER, :
:
Appellee : No. 2203 MDA 2014
Appeal from the Order entered on December 3, 2014
in the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County,
Civil Division, No. CI-14-04525
BEFORE: FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E., STABILE and MUSMANNO, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY MUSMANNO, J.: FILED AUGUST 07, 2015
Prince Street Centre South Unit Owners Association, Inc. (“Prince
Street”) appeals from the Order granting the Motion for Judgment on the
Pleadings filed by the Redevelopment Authority of the City of Lancaster (“the
Redevelopment Authority”). We affirm.
In its Opinion, the trial court set forth the relevant factual and
procedural background, which we adopt herein for purposes of this appeal.
See Trial Court Opinion, 1/26/15, 1-5.
On appeal, Prince Street raises the following issue for our review: “Did
the [trial] court [] abuse its discretion in granting [the Redevelopment
Authority’s] Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings when material facts of law
J-A18039-15
remain in dispute, without benefit of full discovery or hearing?” Brief for
Appellant at 4 (capitalization omitted).
The standard of review of a grant of a motion for judgment
on the pleadings is limited. A motion for judgment on the
pleadings will be granted where, on the facts averred, the law
says with certainty that no recovery is possible. Since this
matter presents a legal question, the scope of review is plenary.
In re Weidner, 938 A.2d 354, 358 (Pa. 2007) (internal citations and
quotation marks omitted).
Prince Street contends that the trial court erred by granting
Redevelopment Authority’s Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings because
“issues of fact [remain] which must be the subject of discovery and trial.”
Brief for Appellant at 15. Prince Street asserts that, in granting the Motion,
the trial court focused on the Lease Agreement term “actual cost per parking
space to operate and maintain the Garage[,]” but erroneously concluded
that whatever the Parking Authority of the City of Lancaster (“Parking
Authority”) charged the Redevelopment Authority to operate and maintain
the garage would be the “actual cost” for purposes of the Lease Agreement.
Id. at 16-17. Prince Street contends that the trial court further erred by
determining that the Redevelopment Authority “could simply pass on to
[Prince Street] whatever the Redevelopment Authority later agreed to pay to
[the Parking Authority].” Id. at 17. Prince Street claims that the Parking
Authority “may have charged the [] Redevelopment Authority a price that
would effectively subsidize other, older and more costly garages.” Id.
-2-
J-A18039-15
Prince Street asserts that the trial court ignored the Lease Agreement
language, which provides that the rent includes base rent as well as
insurance, utilities and maintenance, but not a “lump sum” or “manager’s
fee” charged by a third party to operate and maintain the garage. Id. at 20-
21. Prince Street argues that the trial court should not have granted
judgment on the pleadings because discovery regarding the itemized
expenses to be included in the computation of “actual cost” was never
completed. Id. at 22-23.
Here, the trial court addressed Prince Street’s claim, set forth the
relevant law, and concluded that the claim lacks merit. See Trial Court
Opinion, 1/26/15, at 5-10. We agree with the sound reasoning of the trial
court and affirm on this basis. See id.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 8/7/2015
-3-
,· Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
!
(
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF LANCASTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CIVIL ACTION
PRINCE STREET CENTRE SOUTH
UNIT OWNERS ASS081ATION, INC.
v. No. Cl-14-04525
i'1
N CJ
REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY .,...,... ...... en
U>:::;
OF THE CITY OF LANCASTER r c·, -t-c,
-,·,
. . (.J,
OPINION SUR PA. R.A.P. 1925(a) z_:~; w
r-:-i
BY: ASHWORTH, J., JANUARY 26, 2015
Prince Street Centre South Unit Owners Association, Inc. (Association), has filed
a direct appeal to the Superior Court of Pennsylvania from this Court's Order of
December 3, 2014, granting the Motion of Redevelopment Authority of the City of
Lancaster (Redevelopment Authority) for Judgment on the Pleadings and dismissing
the Complaint. This Opinion is written pursuant to Rule 1925(a) of the Pennsylvania
Rules of Appellate Procedure, and for the following reasons, this Court requests that
this appeal be dismissed.
I. Background
The Association is a condominium association at 415 North Prince Street, which
formerly leased a surface parking lot in the 400 block of North Market Street from
Prince Street Associates, LP. The Redevelopment Authority acquired the lot from
Prince Street Associates on August 15, 2011, for the purpose of erecting a multi-level
parking garage. On October 18, 2011, the Redevelopment Authority and Prince Street
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
Associates entered into a Memorandum of Understanding to provide 88 spaces for the
Association in the garage once it was built.' (See Complaint, Exhibit B.) The relevant
language in the Memorandum is as follows:
2. The Redevelopment Authority will construct a parking facility that
provides a minimum of 88 spaces for the Association.
3. If the Redevelopment Authority constructs a parking facility with
more than 88 spaces, the Redevelopment Authority, with
assistance and agreement from its partner the Lancaster Parking
Authority, will construct a lease with the Association that provides
access to 88 spaces within the parking facility. It is agreed that
these will not be designated spaces within the parking facility.
4. The cost to lease these 88 spaces will be neutral to the
Redevelopment Authority. The lease rate will be established by
determining the actual cost per space to operate and maintain
the parking facility, including utilities, minus the ground level
which is reserved for the Lancaster Press Building. The annual
rate for the 88 spaces will be equal to this cost. At a minimum,
Prince Street Centre South Unit Owners Association, Inc. will
pay an annual fee of $17,645 to the Redevelopment Authority
for access to 88 spaces.
(Id. at ,m 2-4.) The Association passed a Resolution consenting to the Memorandum of
Understanding on October 27, 2011. (See Id., Exhibit B, last page.)
A lease agreement was entered into on June 19, 2012, between the
Redevelopment Authority ("Landlord") and the Association ("Tenant"). (See Complaint,
Exhibit A.) The relevant language of the lease is as follows:
3. Lease of Garage. Upon completion of construction, Tenant
shall lease from Landlord a portion of the Garage representing a
minimum of eighty-eight (88) non-designated spaces in the upper
-levels of the garage.
4. Rent. Tenant shall pay to Landlord rent equal to the actual cost
per parking space to operate and maintain the Garage (but shall
1The
Memorandum of Understanding was signed by Eddie P. Drogaris in his capacity as
President of Prince Street Associates and in his capacity as President of the Association. ( See
Complaint, Exhibit B.)
2
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
not include interest or principal on any of Landlord's debt service),
multiplied by the number of spaces provided by Landlord to
Tenant, in an amount not less than Seventeen Thousand Six
Hundred Forty-Five Dollars ($17,645.00) annually. The cost of
operating and maintaining the lower level of the Garage, which
shall be exclusive to Lancaster Press Partners, LP., or other
developer of the Lancaster Press Building, shall not be included
in determining Landlord's cost per space.
6. Insurance, Utilitiesand Maintenance. The intent of the parties
is that this Lease represents a 'net' lease, where the rent payable
under Section 4 of this part includes base rent as well as
insurance, utilities and maintenance.
(Id., Exhibit A, Part II, 11113, 4 & 6.)
Thereafter, the Redevelopment Authority had a parking garage constructed on
the lot purchased from Prince Street Associates. As set forth in 11 3 of the
Memorandum of Understanding, the Redevelopment Authority partnered with the
Parking Authority of the City of Lancaster (Parking Authority) to manage the garage.
On November 15, 2013, the Redevelopment Authority and the Parking Authority
entered into a Management Agreement. (See Answer, Exhibit A.) The relevant
language of the Agreement in 114 is as follows:
A. [Redevelopment Authority] grants to [Parking Authority] the rights
to manage, lease and operate the Managed Spaces and [Parking
Authority] accepts the granting of these rights. The Managed
Spaces are depicted on Exhibit B, which exhibit is attached hereto
and made a part of the Agreement.
B. These rights shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the
Prince Street [Memorandum of Understanding], which document
is attached as Exhibit C and made a part of this Agreement.
[Parking Authority] shall enter into a lease agreement with the
Prince Street Centre South Unit Owners Association, Inc.
('Association') per the terms of the Prince Street [Memorandum
of Understanding] for eighty-eight (88) of the Managed non-
reserved Spaces. This fee is on a[] [Parking Authority] cost of
garage operations basis plus management fee modeled after
similar costs at other [Parking Authority] garages of comparable
3
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
size and operation.
D. [Parking Authority] shall be responsible for all utilities, routine
maintenance, marketing, billing of parking fees, collection of
parking fees and insurance as specified below relating to the
Managed Spaces.
(ld., Exhibit A at ,i 4.) Paragraph 6 of the Agreement also contains additional relevant
language as follows:
A. In addition to the monthly maintenance fee set forth in Section
4(0), [Redevelopment Authority] shall pay [Parking Authority]
an annual fee for managing and operating the Managed Spaces
to allow [Parking Authority] to break even ('Management Fee').
B. . .. This target annual revenue number shall be [Parking
Authority's] break even number for operating the Managed
Spaces ....
(Id., Exhibit A at ,i,i6(A) & (8).)
The Parking Authority determined that the rate for the 88 managed spaces for
the first year would be $45.00 per month.2 (See Complaint, Exhibit C.) On June 12,
2014, the Association filed a complaint seeking a declaratory judgment, arguing that it
never agreed to the $45.00 per space charge and that the Redevelopment Authority
had no right to "simply contract after the fact with a third party for management services
and pretend that whatever [the Redevelopment Authority] agreed to pay the manager
would constitute 'costs' as anticipated and described when the lease was signed by the
[Association]." (See Plaintiff's Brief In Opposition at 2.) The Redevelopment Authority
filed an answer with no new matter, which closed the pleadings. The Association filed
2Following
the first year, the Parking Authority's actual cost was to be reviewed and the
rate adjusted in light of actual experience. The question of what the rate will be in future years
was not before the Court.
4
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
interrogatories and a request for production of documents, for which answers were
served.
The Redevelopment Authority filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings on
July 18, 2014. Briefs were filed by the parties and on December 3, 2014, this Court
granted the motion and dismissed the Association's complaint. A timely appeal was
filed by the Association on December 29, 2014. Pursuant to this Court's directive, a
concise statement of matters complained of on appeal was filed on January 20, 2015,
which raises just one issue: whether the Court abused its discretion and/or committed
an error of law by granting judgment on the pleadings.
II. Standard of Review
Rule 1034 of the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure governs motions for
judgment on the pleadings and provides that "[a]fter the relevant pleadings are closed,
but within such time as not to unreasonably delay the trial, any party may move for
judgment on the pleadings." Pa. R.C.P. 1034(a). On a motion for judgment on the
pleadings, which is similar to a demurrer, the court accepts as true all well-pleaded
statements of fact of the non-moving party, but only those facts specifically admitted by
the non-movant may be considered against him. Coleman v. Duane Morris, LLP, 58
A.3d 833, 836 (Pa. Super. 2012) (citing Wachovia Bank, N.A. v. Ferretti, 935 A.2d
565, 570 (Pa. Super. 2007)). Further, "neither party will be deemed to have admitted
conclusions of law." Mellon Bank, N.A. v. National Union Fire Insurance Co. of
Pittsburgh, 768 A.2d 865, 868 (Pa. Super. 2001).
5
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
In ruling on a motion for judgment on the pleadings, the court should confine
itself to the pleadings, such as the complaint, answer, and any documents or exhibits
properly attached to them. Coleman, supra at 570. Such a motion may only be
granted in cases where no material facts are at issue and the law is so clear that a trial
would be a fruitless exercise. Id.
Initially, the Association took the position that judgment on the pleadings is not
available in a declaratory judgment action, citing a 1979 Common Pleas decision from
Luzern County, Jefferson Insurance Co. of New York v. Cook, 10 D.&C.3d 402
(1979). It is correct that
[p]rior to the enactment of the present Declaratory Judgments Act,
42 Pa.Cons.Stat.Ann.§§ 7531-41 (1982), declaratory judgments in
Pennsylvania were governed by the Uniform Declaratory Judgments
Act, 12 P.S. §§ 831-46 (1923) (repealed 1978), and the specific
procedures were governed by a supplemental procedure Act, 12 P.S.
§§ 847-53 (1935) (repealed 1978). In construing these Acts, our
courts had held that certain kinds of summary disposition, including
summary judgment or judgment on the pleadings, could not be had
in declaratory judgment actions because the Acts themselves made
no provision therefor.
Darlark v. Henry S. Lehr, Inc., 360 Pa. Super. 509, 511-12, 520 A.2d 1206, 1207
(1987), overruled on other grounds by Mother's Rest. Inc. v. Krystkiewicz, 861 A.2d
327 (Pa. Super. 2004).
However, the present practice and procedure in declaratory judgment actions
"shall follow, as nearly as may be," the rules relating to an action in assumpsit. Pa.
R.C.P. 1601(a). Such rules, of course, do providefor a motion for judgment on the
pleadings. See Pa. R.C.P. 1034. See also Southwestern Energy Production Co. v.
Forest Resources, LLC, 83 A.3d 177, 184 (Pa. Super. 2013) (judqrnent on the
6
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
pleadings in declaratory judgment action); Old Guard Ins. Co. v. Sherman, 866 A.2d
412, 413 (Pa. Super. 2004) (same); Pulleyn v. Cavalier Ins. Corp., 351 Pa. Super.
347, 348, 505 A.2d 1016, 1017 (1986) (same).
Thus, judgment on the pleadings is available in a declaratory judgment action.
Moreover, when a question involves purely a construction of written documents, as is
the case here, the matter is a question of law and is amenable to judgment on the
pleadings. See Jarl Investments, LP. v. Fleck, 937 A.2d 1113, 1122 (Pa. Super.
2007).
Ill. Discussion
The controversy in this case centered on the Association's obligation to pay the
Redevelopment Authority "the actual cost per parking space to operate and maintain
the garage" where its 88 parking spaces are leased. (See Memorandum of
Understanding at iI 4 (emphasis added).) The Association claims there were material
facts in dispute relating to the elements of "actual cost," which required the Court to
conduct a hearing as to the "itemization and analysis of the components of what is
charged." (See Statement of Errors at 2.) The Redevelopment Authority's position was
that the Lease Agreement, which was clear and unambiguous with regard to the term
"actual cost," controlled in this case, and further that the Agreement between the parties
contained an integration clause which precluded parol evidence and limited the scope
of the Court's inquiry to the Agreement itself.3 (See Complaint, Exhibit A at iI 11.)
3"An
integration clause which states that a writing is meant to represent the parties'
entire agreement is ... a clear sign that the writing is meant to be just that and thereby
7
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
Section 7533 of the Declaratory Judgments Act specifically provides that
interpretation of contract rights between the parties is the subject of declaratory relief:
§ 7533. Construction of documents
Any person interested under a ... written contract, or other writings
constituting a contract, or whose rights, status, or other legal relations
are affected by a ... contract, ... may have determined any question
of construction or validity arising under the ... contract, ... and obtain
a declaration of rights, status, or other legal relations thereunder.
42 Pa. C.S.A. § 7533. "The interpretation of a contract is a question of law." Halpin v.
LaSalle University, 432 Pa. Super. 476, 481, 639 A.2d 37, 39 (1994).
When interpreting a contract, the court's paramount goal is to ascertain
and give effect to the intent of the parties as reasonably manifested by
the language of their written agreement.
When the words used in a contract are ambiguous, a court may
examine the surrounding circumstances to ascertain the intent of
the parties. When the language of a writing is clear arid unequivocal,
however, its meaning must be determined by its contents alone ....
When determining whether a contract is ambiguous, a court must
view the contract as a whole and not in discrete units.
A court may not disregard a provision in a contract if a reasonable
meaning may be ascertained therefrom. In construing a contract, each
and every part of it must be taken into consideration and given effect, if
possible, and the intention of the parties must be ascertained from the
entire instrument. The intention of the parties is paramount and the
court will adopt an interpretation which under all circumstances ascribes
the most reasonable, probable, and natural conduct of the parties,
bearing in mind the objects manifestly to be accomplished.
Jarl Investments, supra at 1122 (quoting Bethlehem Steel Corp. v. MATX, Inc., 703
A.2d 39, 42 (Pa. Super. 1997) (internal citations and quotations omitted). Moreover,
"[a] contract is not ambiguous merely because the parties do not agree on its
expresses all of the parties' negotiations, conversations, and agreements made prior to its
execution." Yocca v. Pittsburgh Steelers Sports, Inc., 578 Pa. 479, 498, 854 A.2d 425, 436
(2004).
8
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
construction." Seven Springs Farm, Inc. v. Croker, 748 A.2d 740, 744 (Pa. Super.
2000), affd, 569 Pa. 202, 801 A.2d 1212 (2002).
In opposing the judgment on the pleadings, the Association argued that "[i]f there
is any possibility that 'cost' could mean something at variance with the terms of the
lease, the Court would have to hear and consider evidence and create a factual record
and not grant judgment peremptorily to [the Redevelopment Authority] as a matter of
law." (See Plaintiff's Brief in Opposition at 3.) I found the term "actual cost" to be clear
and unambiguous, and consistently set forth in the documents at issue in this case.
Accordingly, this Court solely interpreted the relevant contracts, without consideration of
the attendant circumstances.
The Association, the Redevelopment Authority and Prince Street Associates
agreed in the October 18, 2011, Memorandum of Understanding that 88 spaces would
be provided at a "cost neutral" basis to the Redevelopment Authority. ( See Complaint,
Exhibit Bat ,r 4.) The lease entered into between the Association and the
Redevelopment Authority provided that 88 spaces would be provided at a rent equal to
the actual cost per parking space. (See Id., Exhibit A at ,m 4, 6.) The Management
Agreement with the Parking Authority and the Redevelopment Authority specifies how
the Parking Authority's fee will be determined. (See Answer, Exhibit A at ,r 6b.) This
fee is passed through, on a cost neutral basis, as agreed, to the Association. (See
Complaint, Exhibit C.)
While the Association objected that it "never requested nor required the third
party Lancaster Parking Authority's involvement" (see Plaintiffs Brief in Opposition at
9
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
2), the Lease between the Association and the Redevelopment Authority did not
prohibit using the Parking Authority to manage the garage, and this was the disclosed
intent of the Redevelopment Authority. ( See Complaint, Exhibit B at ~ 3.) The
Redevelopment Authority had the legal right to engage the Parking Authority for the
purpose of managing the garage, and exercised its sound discretion in doing so.
The rate to be charged for the Association's 88 spaces was made clear in the
Memorandum of Understanding. Reading paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Memorandum
together, the Association agreed as early as October 27, 2011, that (1) the Parking
Authority would be involved in the management of the garage, and (2) the rate that the
Redevelopment Authority would charge the Association would be cost neutral to the
Redevelopment Authority. To be cost neutral, the Redevelopment Authority had to
charge the Association what the Parking Authority charged the Redevelopment
Authority, which is currently $45.00 per month per space, a rate which is substantially
below the rate that the Parking Authority advertises parking spaces at in other garages
in the City of Lancaster, and for public parking in the same garage. ( See Answer at
~ 22.)
As there were no material facts at issue and the law was so clear that a trial
would be a fruitless exercise, I granted the Redevelopment Authority's motion for
judgment on the pleadings and dismissed the Association's complaint for declaratory
judgment.
10
Circulated 07/07/2015 11:46 AM
IV. Conclusion
For the reasons set forth above, this Court's Order of December 3, 2014,
granting the Motion of the Redevelopment Authority for Judgment on the Pleadings and
dismissing the Complaint for Declaratory Judgment by the Association should be
affirmed and this appeal dismissed.
Accordingly, I enter the following
11