AT AUSTIN
NO. 3-92-104-CV
H. G. BAUER MOVING & STORAGE, INC.,
APPELLANT
vs.
JEANIE JEWELL,
APPELLEE
FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF COMAL COUNTY, 207TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
NO. C-91-366B, HONORABLE FRED CLARK, JUDGE PRESIDING
H. G. Bauer Moving & Storage, Inc. ("Bauer") appeals by petition for writ of error from a default judgment in the amount of $750,000 granted in favor of Jeanie Jewell. We will reverse the judgment of the trial court and remand the cause for further proceedings.
BACKGROUND
This suit arises out of a collision between a tractor-trailer rig and an automobile driven by appellee, Jewell. On November 3, 1989, Jewell was stopped at a traffic light on the Interstate-35 access road in New Braunfels, Texas, when the tractor-trailer struck her automobile from behind. Jewell suffered disabling injuries. She later sued Jimmie Sauseda, the driver of the tractor-trailer, for his negligence in causing the wreck and Bauer under the doctrine of respondeat superior. Jewell alleged that Bauer owned the rig and employed Sauseda, and that Sauseda was acting within the course and scope of his employment at the time of the collision. Sauseda is a resident of Johnson County, Texas, and was personally served with citation but failed to answer or appear. Bauer is a Louisiana corporation with its principal office at 1111 Barracks Street in New Orleans and does not maintain a regular place of business or designated agent for service of process in Texas. Jewell attempted citation on Bauer by substituted service on the Secretary of State, pursuant to the long-arm statute provisions applicable to non-resident corporations. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 17.044(b) (West 1986). Jewell obtained Bauer's address through the office of the Louisiana Secretary of State. Either by mistake of that office, mistake in communication, or typographic error, Jewell pleaded an incorrect address for Bauer: 111 Barracks Street. Jewell provided this incorrect address to the Secretary of State for the purpose of forwarding the citation and petition to Bauer. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 17.045(a) (West 1986). The Secretary of State attempted delivery by certified mail to the incorrect address, but the citation and petition were returned stamped "unclaimed." After the time to answer had expired, the trial court rendered a default judgment in the amount of $750,000 against Sauseda and Bauer, jointly and severally. Only Bauer appeals this judgment by petition for writ of error.
DISCUSSION AND HOLDING
The elements for review by petition for writ of error are (1) the petition must be brought within six months of the date the judgment is signed, (2) by a party to the suit, (3) who did not participate either in person or by his attorney in the actual trial, and (4) error must be apparent from the face of the record. Tex. R. App. P. 45; Stubbs v. Stubbs, 685 S.W.2d 643, 644 (Tex. 1985). The first three elements have been satisfied, so we will focus on whether there is error apparent on the face of the record.
Bauer attacks the judgment on various theories in eight separate points. To resolve this appeal, we need address only the contention that Jewell failed to properly plead and provide the Secretary of State with Bauer's "home" or "home office" address, set out in point of error two.
Because the writ of error is a direct attack upon a default judgment, a recital in the judgment of due service of citation is not controlling. McKanna v. Edgar, 388 S.W.2d 927 (Tex. 1965); Franecke v. Dolenz, 668 S.W.2d 481, 482 (Tex. App.--Austin 1984, writ dism'd). There are no presumptions in favor of valid issuance, service, and return of citation in the face of a writ of error attack on a default judgment. Uvalde Country Club v. Martin Linen Supply, Inc., 690 S.W.2d 884, 885 (Tex. 1985); McKanna, 338 S.W.2d at 929.
A party who seeks to invoke any form of substituted service must demonstrate strict compliance with the applicable statute. Uvalde, 690 S.W.2d at 885; Franecke, 668 S.W.2d at 482. The party must (1) plead facts which, if true, would make the defendant amenable to process by the use of the long-arm statute, and (2) show proof in the record that the defendant was, in fact, served in the manner the statute required. Whitney v. L. & L. Realty Corp., 500 S.W.2d 94, 95-96 (Tex. 1973); Bannigan v. Market Street Dev., Ltd., 766 S.W.2d 591, 592 (Tex. App.--Dallas 1989, no writ).
Bauer argues that Jewell failed to strictly comply with the statutory requirement to provide the Secretary of State with the defendant's "home" or "home office" address. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 17.045(a) (West 1986). We agree. By providing the Secretary of State with an incorrect address for service, Jewell has failed to strictly comply with the long-arm statute.
The plaintiff has the burden to show compliance with the long-arm statute. Whitney, 500 S.W.2d at 95. In her original petition, Jewell stated that "Defendant, H.G. BAUER MOVING & STORAGE, INC., is a corporation organized in the State of Louisiana, with its principal address at 111 Barracks Street, New Orleans, Louisiana, c/o Peter Bauer, President . . . ." Jewell concedes that this address was incorrect. Further, Jewell misidentifies this address as Bauer's "principal address" rather that its "home office."
Jewell also directed the Secretary of State to forward the citation and petition to the "principal address" of Bauer rather than its "home office". In several similar cases, the courts have held instructions to the Secretary of State to forward the citation and petition to the defendant's "address," "last known address," "last known mailing address," and "merchant's notice address" as not in strict compliance with section 17.045. Bank of Am., N.T.S.A. v. Love, 770 S.W.2d 890, 891 (Tex. App.--San Antonio 1989, writ denied); Bannigan, 766 S.W.2d at 592; Carjan Corp. v. Sonner, 765 S.W.2d 553 (Tex. App.--San Antonio 1989, no writ); Verges v. Lomas & Nettleton Fin. Corp., 642 S.W.2d 820 (Tex. App.--Dallas 1982, no writ). The record here does not compel the inference that the "principal address" was either the "home" or "home office" address of Bauer. The only reference to Bauer's address in the record is the above-quoted allegation in Jewell's petition. Cf. Mahon v. Caldwell, Haddad, Skaggs, Inc., 783 S.W.2d 769 (Tex. App.--Fort Worth 1990, no writ) (contract attached as exhibit to petition designated "business address" of defendant; address sufficiently supported in record as "home" or "home office" address). Although the designation in the petition as "principal address" rather than "home office" did not conform to the statute, we need not decide this appeal merely on that mistake. The mistake in the street address provided to the Secretary of State negates strict compliance with the long-arm statute. See Royal Surplus Lines Ins. Co. v. Samaria Baptist Church, ___ Tex. Sup. Ct. J. ___ (October 28, 1992)(typographical error by Secretary of State in forwarding address is grounds to set aside a default judgment based on substituted service); Texas Inspection Servs., Inc. v. Melville, 616 S.W.2d 253, 254 (Tex. Civ. App.--Houston [1st Dist.] 1981, no writ).
The record fails to affirmatively demonstrate compliance with section 17.045(a). See Bannigan, 766 S.W.2d at 593. We conclude that, although Jewell made a good faith effort to determine Bauer's address and comply with the long-arm statute, she did not strictly comply with the statute in providing the Secretary of State with an incorrect address, which was designated in her petition as Bauer's "principal address" rather than "home" or "home office" address. The trial court, therefore, did not obtain personal jurisdiction over Bauer. Accordingly, we grant Bauer's petition for writ of error, reverse the judgment of the trial court, and remand the cause for further proceedings.
Having disposed of the case on point of error two, we do not reach the remaining points of error.
CONCLUSION
The judgment of the trial court is reversed and the cause remanded for trial.
Jimmy Carroll, Chief Justice
[Before Chief Justice Carroll, Justices Jones and Kidd]
Reversed and Remanded
Filed: November 4, 1992
[Do Not Publish]