TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN
NO. 03-94-00321-CR
Noel Dennis Mason, Jr., Appellant
v.
The State of Texas, Appellee
FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF WILLIAMSON COUNTY, 26TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
NO. 93-582-K26, HONORABLE BILLY RAY STUBBLEFIELD, JUDGE PRESIDING
PER CURIAM
A jury found appellant guilty of attempted aggravated kidnapping and aggravated assault. Act of May 8, 1975, 64th Leg., R.S., ch. 203, § 4, 1975 Tex. Gen. Laws 476, 478 (Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 15.01, since amended); Act of May 22, 1991, 72d Leg., R.S., ch. 334, § 2, 1991 Tex. Gen. Laws 1380, 1381 (Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 22.02(a)(4), since amended). The jury assessed punishment for each count at imprisonment for five years.
On August 27, 1993, the complaining witness was window shopping in Round Rock when appellant and two other men approached her from behind. Appellant pointed a knife at her ribs, the second man held a knife to her throat, and the third man served as lookout. Appellant and the other knife-wielding assailant ordered the complainant to go with them. Just then, the lookout signaled the approach of a police car and the three men fled. In a written statement given after his arrest, appellant said that his companions believed the complainant had seen them selling drugs.
The complainant identified State's exhibit three as a switchblade knife similar to that used by appellant's companion during the assault. (1) Appellant challenges the admission of this exhibit in four points of error. In points one and two, appellant contends the knife was not relevant to the issue of appellant's guilt or, alternatively, the relevance of the knife was outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice. Tex. R. Crim. Evid. 402, 403. In points three and four, appellant makes the same arguments regarding the relevance of the knife to the punishment determination.
A weapon that is described as being similar to the one used during the commission of a crime is admissible as an aid to the jury in interpreting and understanding the testimony. Simmons v. State, 622 S.W.2d 111, 113-14 (Tex. Crim. App. 1981). Appellant acknowledges this rule, but urges that it should not be extended to weapons used by the defendant's accomplice. We disagree. All the acts of the defendant and those acting with him are admissible both on the question of guilt and the question of punishment. Weston v. State, 297 S.W.2d 681, 682 (Tex. Crim. App. 1956); see Rogers v. State, 853 S.W.2d 29, 32-34 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993); Albrecht v. State, 486 S.W.2d 97, 100 (Tex. Crim. App. 1972) (State may prove context in which criminal act occurred). The complaining witness was entitled to testify that appellant and his accomplice were armed with knives, and exhibit three was admissible to aid the jury in understanding her testimony. Points of error one through four are overruled.
In his final point of error, appellant contends the district court erred by refusing to admit expert opinion testimony "concerning appellant's fitness for probation." Dr. Richard Coons, a psychiatrist, was called by the defense at the punishment phase. On the State's motion, defense counsel summarized the testimony he intended to adduce from this witness, including "whether or not [appellant] would be a good subject for probation." The State objected "to the last question, whether or not he would be a good subject for probation" and the objection was sustained.
In order to complain of the exclusion of evidence, the substance of the excluded evidence must be preserved in the record by bill of exception or other offer of proof. Tex. R. App. P. 52(b); Tex. R. Crim. Evid. 103(a)(2). In this cause, Coons was not questioned outside the presence of the jury regarding appellant's fitness for probation and defense counsel did not state for the record what Coons's testimony would be in that regard. All that is shown by the record is that Coons would have testified either that appellant was or was not "a good subject for probation." Under the circumstances, it cannot be said that appellant has shown that he was denied evidence favorable to him. Point of error five is overruled.
The judgment of conviction is affirmed.
Before Justices Powers, Kidd and B. A. Smith
Affirmed
Filed: May 24, 1995
Do Not Publish
1. State's exhibit two was identified as being similar to the knife used by appellant. Its
admission in evidence is not complained of on appeal.