In The
Court of Appeals
Ninth District of Texas at Beaumont
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NO. 09-04-423 CV
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IN RE ROSE MAYS
The trial court found relator, Rose Mays, in contempt of court and committed her "to the Jasper County Jail until such time as she deposits the sum of $24,150.32" into the registry of the court. The contempt order finds she is able to deposit the funds. In this habeas corpus proceeding, relator argues the contempt order is void.
The underlying case is the guardianship of Jimmy Mays. Jimmy Mays' daughter, Jemece Mays Richard, was appointed his guardian. As guardian, Richard attempted to recover Mays' property. See Tex. Prob. Code Ann. §§ 768, 877 (Vernon 2003 & Vernon Supp. 2004). (1)
Relator, who divorced Jimmy in 2001 and remarried him in April 2004, received in the mail a check for $24,150.32, payable to Jimmy Mays. The trial court instructed relator to pay the money into the registry of the court. Relator stated she deposited the check into a credit union account, withdrew the entire amount in cash, and gave the money to Ben "Benji" Johnson for safekeeping. Johnson testified he placed the money under a pine tree where he could watch it from his porch. When relator returned for the money, Johnson went to the tree and discovered the money was gone. After hearing this explanation, the trial court ordered Johnson and relator to pay the money into the registry of the court by 9:30 the next morning. When they failed to do so, he found them in contempt of court and put them in jail. (2)
Relator argues her right to due process was violated because she was not given proper notice of the contempt, and did not have an opportunity to defend herself at a contempt hearing. Relator also says the court signed its order finding her in contempt of court without holding a contempt hearing.
A party charged with contempt is entitled to due process. In re Houston, 92 S.W.3d 870, 876 (Tex. App.--Houston [14th Dist.] 2002, orig. proceeding) (citing Ex parte Johnson, 654 S.W.2d 415, 420-21 (Tex. 1983)).
Among these procedural due process rights is the right to reasonable notice of each alleged contumacious act. The due process requirement is one of 'full and complete notification' of the charges alleged with a reasonable opportunity to meet the charges by defense or explanation.
In re Houston, 92 S.W.3d at 876 (quoting Ex parte Gordon, 584 S.W.2d 686, 688 (Tex. 1979)). If proper notice is not provided, a contempt order is a nullity. In re Acceptance Ins. Co., 33 S.W.3d 443, 448-49 (Tex. App.--Fort Worth 2000, orig. proceeding).
The hearing from which the contempt order arose was to resolve a motion to show cause and to convert the temporary guardianship of Jimmy Mays into a permanent one. At the conclusion of the testimony, the following exchange occurred between Richard's counsel, relator's counsel, and the trial court:
[Richard's Counsel]: We would like to ask that [relator] be found incontempt of court, put in jail, and ask that the property be returned to the temporary guardian.
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[The Court]: Are there pleadings on file that I can find her in contempt?
[Relator's Counsel]: I didn't see it in the file.
[Richard's Counsel]: I don't believe that I have asked for a finding of contempt because there was not a prior written order.
[Richard's Counsel]: No sir, Your Honor.
[Richard's Counsel]: It was ordered that she bring the money to the registry of the court, orally.
[The Court]: I just orally asked her to do that. I believe she's admitted that. Okay. I'm going to find that . . . the money, the $24,150 should be deposited in the registry of the district court of Jasper County, Texas. I'm going to order that done by 9:30 in the morning. If the money is not deposited in the registry of the district court of Jasper County, Texas, I find not only Mrs. Mays, but Mr. Johnson, Rev. Johnson in contempt of this court.
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[Relator's Counsel]: Your Honor, we understand the position of the Court; however, we've not had proper notice of this hearing.
[The Court]: She keeps saying you have. I'll set the hearing later. Do we understand what's going to happen in the morning at 9:30?
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[The Court]: Mrs. Mays, do you understand that you can be in contempt of court; and if you are in contempt of court, it's very possible you can go to jail until you purge yourself of that contempt. . . .
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[The Court]: I'll see you in the morning at 9:30, and one of you better have that money.
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[The Court]: Deposit to the registry of the District Clerk of Jasper County, Texas and if it's not, I want a written order. I'm going to sign that order today. But I'm giving you notice, Mrs. Mays; and I talked to the preacher out there, Brother Johnson. He knows to have it here at 9:30 in the morning. And he knows what's going to happen in the event it's not here.
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[Relator's Counsel]: Your Honor, one last question. If the money-- if I don't have knowledge that the money is in the possession of Mrs. Mays, are you saying I'm going to have to be here in the morning also?
[The Court]: You don't have to be here.
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[The Court]: But--wait a minute, wait a minute because I don't know that I can find her in contempt and deprive her of her liberty without a lawyer. So, you're either going to have to be here or appear by phone. How about that?
[Relator's Counsel]: Yes, sir.
[The Court]: Would you appear by phone?
[Relator's Counsel]: I'll appear by phone, Judge.
This is a constructive contempt proceeding, and is remedial and coercive in nature. A dispute exists concerning the acts of contempt. Reasonable notice and an opportunity to be heard are required. See Ex parte Gordon, 584 S.W.2d 686, 688 (Tex. 1979). Reasonable notice would provide relator an opportunity to have her attorney present in court, rather than simply by phone, and an opportunity to prepare and present her defense. The notice provided to relator, which the record reflects was less than twenty-four hours, was not sufficient under the circumstances. Absent proper notice, the contempt order is a nullity. See In re Acceptance Ins. Co., 33 S.W.3d at 448-49.
Relator's first issue is sustained. We grant the petition for writ of habeas corpus, and order relator, Rose Mays, released from confinement and from the bond previously ordered.
WRIT GRANTED.
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DAVID GAULTNEY
Justice
Submitted on November 23, 2004
Opinion Delivered December 16, 2004
Before McKeithen, C.J., Burgess, and Gaultney, JJ.
1. 2.