Darron Tray Moss v. State

Darron Tray Moss v. State

                                  

 




IN THE

TENTH COURT OF APPEALS


No. 10-98-001-CR


        DARRON TRAY MOSS,

                                                                              Appellant

        v.


        THE STATE OF TEXAS,

                                                                              Appellee


From the 82nd District Court

Falls County, Texas

Trial Court # 7047

                                                                                                                

 

OPINION ON REHEARING

                                                                                                                

 

          Moss was convicted of murder. His second issue on appeal complained of the court’s failure to instruct the jury on the lesser included offense of criminally negligent homicide. Criminal negligence is a failure to perceive a substantial and unjustifiable risk. Tex. Pen. Code Ann. § 6.03(d) (Vernon 1994). We focused on the second prong of the Rousseau test: whether there was evidence Moss was guilty only of the lesser offense. See Rousseau v. State, 855 S.W.2d 666, 672-73 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993). We cited Reeves for the proposition that there must be evidence directly germane to the lesser included offense. Reeves v. State, 969 S.W.2d 471, 487 (Tex. App.—Waco 1998, pet. ref’d).

          We held that although Moss testified that he did not intend to kill, that was no evidence that he failed to perceive the risk. See Burnett v. State, 865 S.W.2d 223, 228-29 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1993, pet. ref’d). Further, we stated that intoxication is not a defense and does not negate his culpable mental state. Tex. Pen. Code Ann. § 8.04 (Vernon 1994).

          On rehearing, Moss states that he never asserted that intoxication was a defense to the charges. Id. § 2.03(d) (establishing a defense requires acquittal). He cites a Beaumont case for the proposition that intoxication is relevant to a criminally negligent defendant’s state of mind. Bryan v. State, 990 S.W.2d 924, 928 (Tex. App.—Beaumont 1999, no pet. h.). The Bryan holding is in the context of whether evidence of consumption of alcohol is an extraneous offense. The defendant was charged with involuntary manslaughter by driving while intoxicated and found guilty of criminally negligent homicide. Id. at 925. The court held that evidence of his alcohol consumption went to his state of mind and was not an extraneous offense. Id. at 928. Unlike Bryan, intoxication was not a required element of the crime for which Moss was indicted.

          Moss cites three Court of Criminal Appeals cases for the proposition that the lesser included instruction of criminal negligence should have been given. Hunter v. State, 647 S.W.2d 657 (Tex. Crim. App. 1983); Montoya v. State, 744 S.W.2d 15 (Tex. Crim. App. 1987); Molitor v. State, 862 S.W.2d 615 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993). He compares these cases to his circumstances. In each case the defendant testified that he took certain actions (swung his arm and aimed in a general direction; attempted to throw away a loaded gun; had armed himself, but was knocked to the floor and did not remember pulling the trigger) but did not intend to kill or harm the victim.

          Here, Moss testified that he did not intend to hurt anyone, but he could not remember anything about the events. Unlike the cases he cites, Moss gave no testimony about his actions or that he failed to perceive the risk.

          The motion for rehearing is denied.

 

 

                                                                                 BILL VANCE

                                                                                 Justice


Before Chief Justice Davis,

          Justice Vance, and

          Justice Gray

Motion denied August 31, 1999

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