Swearingen, Larry Ray

















IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS

OF TEXAS




NO. WR-51,613-09


EX PARTE LARRY RAY SWEARINGEN, Applicant


ON APPLICATION FOR A WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS

IN CAUSE NO. 99-11-06435-CR FROM THE 9TH DISTRICT COURT

OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY


Price, J., filed a dissenting statement in which Holcomb, J., joined.

DISSENTING STATEMENT



The applicant now presents new histological evidence that the victim's body could not have been left in the forest more than two or three days before it was found, strongly suggesting that she was murdered at a time when the applicant was secure in the county jail. Moreover, at the present time, all the forensic pathologists seem to agree that the body could not have been deposited in the forest for long enough to allow for the possibility that the applicant placed it there. Even the medical examiner who testified at trial that the body could have been in the forest since around the time that the victim first disappeared has since revised her opinion. Based upon the new histological evidence, the applicant raises a number of claims, including a naked claim of actual innocence under Ex parte Elizondo. (1) In her concurring statement, Judge Cochran catalogs the circumstantial evidence that has been marshaled against the applicant to argue that he cannot satisfy the standard for relief in an Elizondo claim.

That may well be. But the applicant also argues that his trial counsel were ineffective for failing even to explore the histological evidence, in an effort to prove that the applicant could not have been the killer. (2) The applicant should be allowed to pursue this claim so long as he can satisfy the lesser standard for innocence embodied in the "gateway" provision of Article 11.071, Section 5(a)(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. (3) While the applicant may not be able to show by clear and convincing evidence (the Elizondo standard) that no reasonable jury would convict him when the new histological evidence is added to the evidentiary mix, (4) I believe he has at least shown by a preponderance of the evidence (the Article 11.071, Section 5(a)(2) standard) that he would not have been convicted but for the ineffectiveness of his trial counsel in failing to investigate and present that evidence.

I would therefore permit the appellant to at least pursue his claim of ineffective assistance of trial counsel. Because by its order the Court does not, I respectfully dissent.



Filed: January 27, 2009

Do Not Publish

1. 947 S.W.2d 202 (Tex. Crim. App. 1996).

2. Trial counsel have said in the past that their strategy was to challenge the strength of the State's evidence of the predicate felonies that elevated the offense to a capital murder. Accepting these assertions as true, trial counsel in a capital murder trial would still have had an obligation to at least investigate other plausible approaches (such as to investigate the forensic pathology). Proof that their client was incarcerated at the time that histological evidence strongly suggests the victim was murdered and her body dumped would not have been inconsistent with their avowed trial defense. There was no reason not to seek a forensic expert and at least investigate the viability of such a challenge to the murder itself. Knowing that their client had been in jail since shortly after the victim disappeared, but weeks before her body was found, should have suggested the advisability of such an investigation to any reasonably qualified capital defense practitioner.

3. Tex. Code Crim. Proc. art. 11.071, § 5(a)(2) (subsequent capital habeas applicant can have his claim considered on the merits if his "application contains sufficient specific facts establishing that . . . by a preponderance of the evidence, but for a violation of the United States Constitution no rational juror could have found the applicant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt").

4. Ex parte Elizondo, supra, at 209.