IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2015-CP-00069-COA
ELLE ADAMS A/K/A ELLE AQUILERA A/KA APPELLANT
ELLIE ADAMS A/K/A ELLE AGUNDIS
v.
JOHN LEON RICE APPELLEE
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 12/23/2014
TRIAL JUDGE: HON. DOROTHY WINSTON COLOM
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED: OKTIBBEHA COUNTY CHANCERY
COURT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ELLE A. ADAMS (PRO SE)
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE: MARK G. WILLIAMSON
NATURE OF THE CASE: CIVIL - DOMESTIC RELATIONS
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION: VISITATION AND JOINT LEGAL
CUSTODY GRANTED
DISPOSITION: AFFIRMED - 06/28/2016
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
BEFORE GRIFFIS, P.J., CARLTON AND JAMES, JJ.
JAMES, J., FOR THE COURT:
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
¶1. John Rice and Elle Adams met in 2011 on a dating website. Thereafter, they met in
person at Books-A-Million in Columbus, Mississippi. At that time, Rice was employed as
a police officer with the Columbus Police Department. According to Rice, he and Adams
began dating, and he eventually moved in with Adams and her two daughters. Her daughters
were ages three and fifteen. Adams gave Rice a key to the home, and Rice claimed that he
often kept Adams’s two children. Adams, however, denies ever dating Rice and living
together. Adams claimed that Rice would often come over, uninvited and intoxicated.
Adams did admit that she gave Rice a key, but she testified that she asked Rice to return the
key and even contacted his employer to have it returned. According to Adams, Rice was
violent, neglectful, and an alcoholic.
¶2. Rice and Adams’s relationship, nevertheless, resulted in the birth of their son on
September 19, 2013. Rice claimed that he continued to live with Adams until their son was
about a month old. According to Rice, they began to have problems once he refused to marry
Adams. Rice claimed that Adams threatened to take the child to Mexico and “adopt the child
out.” Rice testified that he moved out of Adams’s home shortly thereafter. Adams, on other
hand, testified that their son was the result of Rice raping her.
¶3. On December, 30, 2013, Rice filed a petition to establish paternity, custody, and
support of their son in the Chancery Court of Oktibbeha County, Mississippi. Rice initially
wanted custody, but that issue was later narrowed down to visitation privileges. On
September 3, 2014, Adams filed a counterclaim for custody, child support, and the medical
costs incurred in the birth of the child. The trial was held on September 4, 2014. At that time
the child was eleven months old.
¶4. At trial, Rice called three witnesses to testify on his behalf. Two testified that they
had been to the home that Rice and Adams shared and had observed their relationship. One
witness also testified that Rice had brought Adams’s youngest daughter to her office, and the
child appeared to be comfortable with Rice. The chancellor found all three witnesses’
testimony to be credible.
2
¶5. The chancellor also found that the three witnesses’ statements were highly relevant
because Adams claimed that Rice’s visitation should be supervised if awarded. Adams
testified that any visits Rice made to his friends while he had her younger daughter were done
without her permission. Adams also accused Rice of having a strong attachment to “young
girls.” Adams’s oldest daughter and two of her daughter’s friends testified on Adams’s
behalf. The chancellor, however, found that their testimony lacked credibility.
¶6. The chancellor, therefore, awarded both parties joint legal custody of the child, with
physical custody remaining with Adams. The chancellor established a visitation schedule
and ordered Rice to pay child support. The chancellor ordered Rice to pay one-half of the
hospital medical expenses associated with the birth of the child. She also ordered Rice to pay
fifteen hundred dollars to Starkville Women’s Clinic for services in connection with the birth
of the child. Adams now appeals to this Court.
DISCUSSION
¶7. As with most issues concerning children, our standard of review is limited. Floyd v.
Floyd, 949 So. 2d 26, 28 (¶5) (Miss. 2007). The chancery court is granted broad discretion
in making its determination of what is in the best interest of the child. Ellis v. Ellis, 840 So.
2d 806, 812 (¶24) (Miss. Ct. App. 2003). Accordingly, “this Court will not reverse a
chancery court's factual findings . . . where there is substantial evidence in the record
supporting [them].” Floyd, 949 So. 2d at 28 (¶5) (citations omitted).
¶8. We first note that Adams’s brief is largely incoherent and lacks proper citations to the
record. According to Mississippi Rule of Appellate Procedure 28(a)(6), “the argument shall
3
contain the contentions of [the] appellant with respect to the issues presented, and the reasons
for those contentions, with citations to the authorities, statutes, and parts of the record relied
on.” This Court is not required to review any issues that are not properly supported by
reasons and authority. O’Hara v. Robinson, 904 So. 2d 1110, 1111 (¶9) (Miss. Ct. App.
2004). Nevertheless, because this appeal touches on the welfare of a minor child, we review
the merits of this action.
1. Visitation and Joint Legal Custody
¶9. Adams argues that the chancery court erred by giving Rice unsupervised visitation and
joint legal custody. We find that it did not. The chancellor’s paramount concern must be the
best interest of the child, but the chancellor also should always be attentive to the rights of
the noncustodial parent, recognizing the need to maintain a healthy, loving relationship
between the child and the noncustodial parent. Ellis, 840 So. 2d at 812 (¶24). The chancery
court has great discretion in making a determination of what is in the best interest of the child
as it relates to visitation issues. Id. The law is well settled that a noncustodial parent is
reasonably entitled to more than limited and short periods of visitation; restrictions on a
noncustodial parent’s visitation privileges should only be ordered on a limited basis. Fields
v. Fields, 830 So. 2d 1266, 1267 (¶6) (Miss. Ct. App. 2002).
¶10. There was conflicting testimony as to why it would be in the best interest of the child
that Rice’s visitation schedule be supervised. The chancellor determined that these issues
of fact favored Rice based on the evidence before the court.
¶11. Likewise, the award of joint legal custody was within the chancellor’s discretion.
4
Miss. Code Ann. § 93-5-24(3) (Rev. 2013). Contrary to Adams’s argument, the chancellor
did not abuse her discretion in not considering the Albright factors.1 “[T]he Albright factors
are required only where physical custody is at issue; the chancellor’s decision as to the
child’s best interest as to legal custody alone is less regimented.” Palculict v. Palculict, 22
So. 3d 293, 298 (¶20) (Miss. Ct. App. 2009). Adams failed to offer credible corroboration
that Rice was a threat to the child or could not provide care and support for the child. The
chancellor also determined that Adams harbored hostility towards Rice and Rice only wanted
a viable relationship with his child. Thus we find no abuse of discretion in this case, and
these issues are without merit.
2. Guardian ad Litem
¶12. Adams next argues that the chancellor committed reversible error because she did not
appoint a guardian ad litem. In support of her argument Adams cites Floyd, 949 So. 2d at
278 (¶8). Floyd, however, is not applicable to this case. In Floyd, the chancery court, acting
on its own motion, appointed a guardian ad litem after the child made allegations of abuse.
The case at hand is not factually similar to Floyd.
¶13. There is nothing in the record indicating that either party asked that a guardian ad
litem be appointed or that the chancery court, acting on its own motion, appointed a guardian
ad litem. While Adams did accuse Rice of abusing her, she never accused Rice of abusing
their child, and the chancellor, therefore, was not obligated to appoint a guardian ad litem
under Mississippi Code Annotated section 43-21-121(1) (Rev. 2015). Adams cannot now
1
Albright v. Albright, 437 So. 2d 1003, 1005 (Miss. 1983).
5
complain of matters she failed to raise at trial. A party is not allowed to raise an issue for the
first time on appeal. Luse v. Luse, 992 So. 2d 659, 663 (¶12) (Miss. Ct. App. 2008) (citations
omitted). Accordingly, this issue is procedurally barred.
3. Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA)
¶14. Adams argues that the chancery court erred in denying her motion to dismiss for
forum non conveniens. “A court of this state which has jurisdiction under this chapter to
make a child custody determination may decline to exercise its jurisdiction at any time if it
determines that it is an inconvenient forum under the circumstances and that a court of
another state is a more appropriate forum.” Miss. Code Ann. § 93-27-207(1) (Rev. 2013).
Adams quotes sections of the UCCJEA but provides this Court with no explanation as to why
the chancellor should have declined jurisdiction. Likewise, Adams fails to cite any case
authority to support her argument. Adams merely concludes that one factor weighs in her
favor.
¶15. We are well aware that the chancery court could have declined jurisdiction under
section 93-27-207, but that still does not explain why that would have been necessary in this
case. First, the record shows that this action began when Adams was still a resident of
Mississippi, and Adams was served at her home in Mississippi.2 Accordingly, under section
93-27-201(1)(a) of the Mississippi Code Annotated (Rev. 2013), the chancery court had
jurisdiction because Mississippi was the home state of the child on the date of the
2
We cannot determine how long Adams resided in Alabama before the trial on
September 4, 2014. Adams, however, did move to Alabama sometime after she was served
at her home in Columbus, Mississippi, on January 23, 2014.
6
commencement of the proceedings. Secondly, the record shows that all of the witnesses,
including two of Adams’s witnesses, resided in the state of Mississippi. Additionally, all of
the issues that were raised in both parties’ claims occurred in Mississippi. Lastly, the motion
to dismiss for forum non conveniens was made on the day of trial, when both parties and
their witnesses were present and ready to proceed. The chancellor had personal jurisdiction
over the parties and did not err in exercising jurisdiction over this matter, because Mississippi
was the most convenient forum. This issue is without merit.
¶16. THE JUDGMENT OF THE CHANCERY COURT OF OKTIBBEHA COUNTY
IS AFFIRMED. ALL COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE ASSESSED TO THE
APPELLANT.
LEE, C.J., IRVING AND GRIFFIS, P.JJ., ISHEE, CARLTON, FAIR, WILSON
AND GREENLEE, JJ., CONCUR. BARNES, J., CONCURS IN PART AND IN THE
RESULT WITHOUT SEPARATE WRITTEN OPINION.
7