06-5139-pr
Edwards v. Tarascio
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUM M ARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUM M ARY ORDER
FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERM ITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE
PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. W HEN CITING A SUM M ARY ORDER IN A
DOCUM ENT FILED W ITH THIS COURT, A PARTY M UST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN
ELECTRONIC DATABASE (W ITH THE NOTATION “SUM M ARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUM M ARY ORDER
M UST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the
Daniel Patrick Moynihan United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of New York,
on the 9th day of March, two thousand ten.
PRESENT:
ROBERT A. KATZMANN,
REENA RAGGI,
Circuit Judges,
JOHN G. KOELTL,*
District Judge.
_______________________________________________
MICHAEL EDWARDS,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v. 06-5139-pr
JOHN TARASCIO , SAUNDRY , CAPTAIN , I/O, OFFICER BOLGER ,
I/O, OFFICER MULLIGAN , I/O, OFFICER SANDY , I/O, CARL LEWIS,
I/O, OFFICER PARADISE, I/O,
Defendants-Appellees.
_______________________________________________
For Plaintiff-Appellant: Michael Edwards, pro se, Garner Correctional
Facility, Suffield, CT
*
The Honorable John G. Koeltl, of the United States District Court for the Southern
District of New York, sitting by designation.
For Defendants-Appellees: Lynn D. Wittenbrink, Esq., Attorney General’s
Office, State of Connecticut, Hartford, CT
Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut (Smith,
M.J.).
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND
DECREED that the judgment of the District Court be and hereby is AFFIRMED.
Appellant Michael Edwards appeals the district court’s judgment following a jury verdict
for the defendants. He has also filed a “Motion for Relief on Pleadings for Denial of Access to
Court,” and a “Motion Requesting Court of Appeals to Reverse Judgment.” We assume the
parties’ familiarity with the facts, proceedings below, and specification of appellate issues, and
hold as follows.
Insofar as Edwards’s claim that his constitutional rights were violated when he was
sexually assaulted during the body cavity search can be construed as challenging the sufficiency
of the evidence at trial, that claim is without merit. In reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence
in support of a jury verdict, this Court “examine[s] the evidence in the light most favorable to the
party in whose favor the jury decided, drawing all reasonable inferences in the winning party’s
favor.” Gronowski v. Spencer, 424 F.3d 285, 291 (2d Cir. 2005). “In so doing, [the Court]
cannot weigh conflicting evidence, determine the credibility of witnesses, or substitute [its]
judgment for that of the jury.” Id. at 292. This Court “will overturn a verdict only if there is
such a complete absence of evidence supporting the verdict that the jury’s findings could only
have been the result of sheer surmise and conjecture, or such an overwhelming amount of
evidence in favor of the [appellant] that reasonable and fair minded men could not arrive at a
verdict against [the appellant].” Id. (internal quotation omitted). Here, the trial testimony
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constitutes sufficient evidence to support a finding that defendants did not violate Edwards’s
constitutional rights because defendants each testified that no sexual assault took place, and the
videotape of the incident did not demonstrate that any sexual assault had occurred. The
credibility of the defendants’ testimony and the videotape was an issue for the jury and cannot be
determined by this Court. See Gronowski, 424 F.3d at 292. Accordingly, there is no basis on
which to challenge the jury verdict.
As for Edwards’s claim that the district court erroneously instructed the jury that a
violation of the Department of Correction’s internal directives was not tantamount to a violation
of plaintiff’s constitutional rights, the claim is subject to the plain error standard where, as here,
plaintiff did not object to the instruction. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 51(d); see also Shah v. Pan Am.
World Servs., Inc., 148 F.3d 84, 96 (2d Cir. 1998) (applying plain error review to jury
instructions to which defendant did not object). Far from being plain error, the claim must fail
because the instruction was a correct statement of law. The violation of a prison regulation does
not automatically establish that all the elements of an Eighth Amendment violation have been
satisfied. Thus, the district court did not misapply the law in its jury instruction.
Next, Edwards’s claim that defendants inflicted cruel and unusual punishment by
conducting an unconstitutional visual body cavity search not within department directives is
similarly unavailing. Insofar as his claim is based on the fact that the search was not contained
within department directives, it is without merit. Insofar as the claim can be construed as an
excessive force claim separately premised on a violation of the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition
on cruel and unusual punishment, it is also without merit. The Eighth Amendment prohibits
“cruel and unusual punishments,” which includes the “‘unnecessary and wanton infliction of
pain.’” Griffin v. Crippen, 193 F.3d 89, 91 (2d Cir. 1999) (quoting Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S.
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153, 173 (1976)). For excessive force claims, “the core judicial inquiry is . . . whether force was
applied in a good-faith effort to maintain or restore discipline, or maliciously and sadistically to
cause harm.” Hudson v. McMillian, 503 U.S. 1, 7 (1992). However, the credibility of
defendants’ testimony that no sexual assault took place, and their proffered videotape of the
incident refuting Edwards’s claims, was an issue for the jury and cannot be determined by this
Court. See Gronowski, 424 F.3d at 292.
Finally, Edwards’s argument that defendants committed perjury at trial when they stated
that Edwards was the only inmate who resisted the strip search is without merit. While several
witnesses testified that in their experience they had not had other inmates refuse the search,
Edwards has not provided any evidence, nor alleged any facts, to support his contention.
The judgment of the district court is hereby AFFIRMED and the pending motions are
DISMISSED as moot.
FOR THE COURT:
Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk
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