in Re the State of Texas Ex Rel. Abelino Reyna, Relator v. Court of Appeals for the Tenth District

WR-83,719-01 No. _______________________ RECEIVED IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS TEXAS COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS 8/11/2015 ABEL ACOSTA, CLERK SITTING AT AUSTIN, TEXAS _________________________________________________ IN RE STATE OF TEXAS EX REL. MATT JOHNSON, RELATOR V. COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE TENTH DISTRICT, RESPONDENT ___________________________________________ A PETITION FOR WRIT OF MANDAMUS CAUSE NO. 10-15-00235-CR FROM THE 10TH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT WACO, TEXAS CAUSE NO. 2015-1955-2 FROM THE 54TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT OF MCLENNAN COUNTY, TEXAS ____________________________________________ STATE'S PETITION FOR WRIT OF MANDAMUS AND MOTION FOR STAY OF WRIT OF MANDAMUS ____________________________________________ ABELINO "ABEL" REYNA Criminal District Attorney McLennan County, Texas State Bar No. 2400087 Oral argument is not requested 219 North 6th Street, Suite 200 Waco, Texas 76701 i [Tel.] (254) 757-5084 [Fax] (254) 757-5021 [Email] abel.reyna@co.mclennan.tx.us ii Identity of Parties and Counsel Relator Abelino “Abel Reyna, Criminal District Attorney McLennan County, Texas Real Party in Interest Hon. Matt Johnson, Presiding Judge 54th Judicial District Court of McLennan County, Texas 501 Washington Avenue, Suite 305 Waco, Texas 76701 Respondent Court of Appeals, Tenth District 501 Washington Avenue, Suite 415 Waco, Texas 76701 Real Party in Interest Matthew Alan Clendennen Real Party in Interest’ Trial and Appellate Attorney Mr. F. Clinton Broden 2600 State Street Dallas, Texas 75204 State’s Trial Attorneys Mr. Mark Parker Mr. Brandon Luce Assistant Criminal District Attorneys 219 North 6th Street, Suite 200 Waco, Texas 76701 State’s Attorneys on Appeal Abelino ‘Abel’ Reyna Criminal District Attorney iii Sterling Harmon Appellate Division Chief 219 North 6th Street, Suite 200 Waco, Texas 76701 iv Table of Contents Identity of Parties and Counsel …………………………………………………….. iii Table of Contents ................................................................................................... v TABLE OF AUTHORITIES .................................................................................. vi Statement of the Case …………………………………………………… viii Statement of Jurisdiction …………………………………………………… viii Issue Presented ...................................................................................................... ix Statement of Facts ...................................................................................................1 Summary of Argument ……………………………………………………… 4 Argument ………………………………………………………………….… 4 Constitutionality of the Gag Order ……………………………………… 4 Narrowly Tailored…………………………………………………………….. 5 Restrictions Imposed by the Gag Order ……………………………………. 5 Findings in Support of the Gag Order …………………………………….. 6 Least Restrictive Means …………………………………………………….. 10 Threshold Standard …………………………………………………………. 10 Motion for Stay ……………………………………………………………… 13 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………… 14 Prayer ………………………………………………………………………… 14 Certificate of Compliance ………………………………………………… 15 Certificate of Service ……………………………………………………….. 16 v TABLE OF AUTHORITIES State Constitutional Provisions Texas Const. Art. 1, §8 …………………………………………………… viii, 4 Texas Const. Art. 1, §10 ……………………………………………………… 10 8 Texas Const. Art. 5, §5 ………………………………………………………viii State Constitutional Provisions United States Const., Amend. 1 ……………………………………………………. viii, 4 United States Const., Amend. 6 ………………………………………………………… 10 Federal Opinions Gannett Co. v. DePasquale, 443 U.S. 368 (1979) …………………………… 5, 14 Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada, 501 U.S. at 1054 (1991) …………………… 14 Nebraska Press Ass’n v. Stuart, 427 US. 539 (1976) ………………………… 10 Procunier v. Martinez, 416 U.S. 396 (1974) ………………………………. 5, 10 Sheppard v. Maxwell, 384 US. 333 (1966) ………………………………. 10, 13 United States v. Brown, 218 F. 3d 415 (5th Cir. 2000) …………………… 5, 13 United States v. Carmichael, 326 F. Supp. 2d 1267 (M.D. Ala. 2004) …………………………………………………….. 4, 5, 10 State Opinions Alvarez v. Eighth Court of Appeals of Texas, 977 S.W. 2d 590 (Tex. Crim. App. 1998) …………………………………………………. viii Ater v. Eighth Court of Appeals, 802 S.W.2d 241 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991) ………………………………………………… viii Davenport v. Garcia, 834 S.W. 2d 4 (Tex. 1992) ……………………………. 11 In re Benton, 238 S.W. 3d 587 (Tex. App – Houston [14th Dist.] 2007) …… 4 In re Graves, 217 S.W. 3d 744 (Tex. App. – Waco 2007) ……. 3, 11,12, 13, 14 In re Houston Chronicle Publishing Company, 64 S.W 3d 103 (Tex. App. – Houston [14th Dist.] 2001) …………………………… 12, 13 Statutes Texas Code Crim. Proc. Art. 4.04 …………………………………………… viii vi Rules Tex. R. App. P. 9.4(e) ………………………………………………………….. 15 Tex. R. App. P. 9.4(i) ………………………………………………………… 16 Tex. R. App. P. 9.4(i)(1) …………………………………………………………15 vii TO THE HONORABLE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS: STATEMENT OF THE CASE This petition for writ of mandamus and for stay of writ of mandamus arises out of a criminal prosecution for the offense of Engaging in Organized Criminal Activity, alleged to have been committed by Matthew Alan Clendennen, the real party in interest. See Appendix 1. The Respondent in this original proceeding is the Honorable Court of Appeals, Tenth District of Texas, the “Court of Appeals.” Abelino “Abel” Reyna, “the Criminal District Attorney,” who is the Relator herein, seeks relief from the action of the Court of Appeals’ action below, namely: the conditional grant of a petition for writ of mandamus directing the Judge of the 54th District Court to vacate its gag order issued in this cause on June 30, 2015. STATEMENT OF JURISDICTION This Court has jurisdiction and authority to issue a writ of mandamus. See Tex. Const. art V, §5; Tex. Code Crim. Proc. art. 4.04; Alvarez v. Eighth Court of Appeals of Texas, 977 S.W. 2d 590 (Tex. Crim. App. 1998). Writ of mandamus to this Court is the exclusive remedy from an adverse ruling in an original mandamus proceeding in the court of appeals. Ater v. Eighth Court of Appeals, 802 S.W.2d 241, 243 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991). viii ISSUE PRESENTED Whether the gag order entered by the District Court violates Article 1, §8 of the Texas Constitution or the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. ix STATEMENT OF FACTS On May 17, 2015, a shootout between rival criminal gangs erupted at the Twin Peaks restaurant in Waco, McLennan County, Texas. Appendix 1. Nine people died in the shootout and many were wounded. Id. Clendennen was apprehended at the scene, wearing distinctive signs or symbols indicating association with a criminal gang. Id. Clendennen was arrested pursuant to warrant for the felony offense of Engaging in Organized Criminal Activity. Id. Details of the incident reported in the press showed that in addition to the nine deaths, eighteen subjects were wounded. Appendix 5, Video File D. Five identified outlaw biker gangs participated in the melee. Appendix 5, Video File B. In the wake of the violence, there was a heavy traffic of outlaw biker gang members traveling to the Waco area, and law enforcement intelligence had discovered that a “green light” had been given by certain criminal organizations to take retribution against law enforcement and/or members of rival gangs. Id. One hundred seventy-seven persons were charged with Engaging in Organized Criminal Activity out of the event, and one hundred fifty-one firearms were recovered from the crime scene. Appendix 5, Video File E. Clendennen sought an examining trial regarding the charged offense, as reflected in Appendix 2. On June 22, 2015, Clendennen procured a subpoena duces tecum under the instant cause number in the 54th District Court, seeking “any and all videos of the events taking place at Twin Peaks 1 in Waco, Texas from May 17, 2015—May 26, 2015 desired as evidence in said above numbered and entitled cause.” Appendix 3, Exhibit “A.” In response to the subpoena, the State filed a Motion to Quash and for Protection of Evidence and Motion to Issue “Gag” Order for all parties. Appendix 3. The State attached as an exhibit to its Motion, a copy of a news report wherein Clendennen’s counsel expressed his intent to publicize the video if it was released. Appendix 3, Exhibit “B.” Hearing on the State’s motion was held in the 54th District Court on June 30, 2015. (RR I). In arguing for the release of the video, Clendennen’s counsel questioned whether it was “appropriate for [the State] to go on television and represent what’s on the video, have the police represent what’s on the video. But for Mr. Clendennen not be able to see the video, that – that boggles my mind.” (RR I – 20). Clendennen further complained that “the Associated Press has seen this video. The Associated Press has reported on this video. So, the DA wants the press to have copies but not the defendants who have to defend themselves to have copies.” (RR I – 201- 21). In response, the State pointed out that pretrial public release of the video could taint witness recollections because, “If everybody gets to see the video right now, we’ll have no idea of knowing what they’re telling us, if they remember that, if they saw it, or if they watched the video and they’re describing what happened on the video.” (RR I – 24). Countering the State’s argument, Clendennen complained that the Waco Police 2 Department had posted video of an unrelated offense on its Facebook page the day it happened. (RR I – 26). The court denied the State’s Motion to Quash, but announced, “I want to place a protective order on that video. And I do not want it disclosed in any way to anyone other than counsel for the defense, the defendant, and any experts ….” (RR I – 26-27). The State proposed to the court that it issue a gag order binding both the State and the Clendennen. (RR I – 27). The court expressed concern about “causing a problem with the jury pools in this matter.” (RR I – 27). Clendennen claimed that due to numerous press conferences and interviews previously given by State agents, the State had already “tainted the well,“ and “opened the barn door on this case.” (RR I – 27-28). Claiming reliance on this Court’s opinion in In re Graves, 217 S.W. 3d 744 (Tex. App. – Waco 2007), Clendennen argued merely that a gag order would not be appropriate. (RR I – 28). Citing concerns about ongoing publicity in the matter, the court announced it would issue the gag order applicable to both the State and the defense. (RR I – 29-30). A copy of the gag order appears in Appendix 4. Clendennen filed an action with the Tenth Court of Appeals, seeking a Writ of Mandamus to vacate the gag order. On August 7, 2015, the Tenth Court of Appeals issued its opinion conditionally granting a Writ of Mandamus, directing that the Writ would issue if the Judge of the 54th District Court did not vacate the gag order within seven days. Appendix 6. 3 Opting not to provide discussion or analysis, the Tenth Court found that the trial court abused its discretion, based on the Tenth Court’s opinion in Graves. Summary of Argument The gag order entered by the District Court was appropriate in the case at bar, and does not violate Article 1, §8 of the Texas Constitution or the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. Argument Constitutionality of the Gag Order In his petition to the Tenth Court of Appeals, seeking a Writ of Mandamus, Clendennen claimed three bases challenging the propriety of the gag order: 1) The order violates Clendennen’’s right to free speech; 2) The court’s findings in support of the gag order were insufficient to establish that pretrial publicity had risen to a level posing imminent and severe harm to a fair and impartial trial, and; 3) that the gag order is not the least restrictive means to prevent any identified harm. Appendix 7. In considering the propriety of a gag order, three factors are addressed. First the court must consider whether the order is narrowly tailored. In re Benton, 238 S.W. 3d 587, 593 (Tex. App – Houston [14th Dist.] 2007) quoting United States v. Carmichael, 326 F. Supp. 2d 1267, 1293 (M.D. Ala. 2004). Next, it must be determined whether the gag order is the least restrictive means or if less burdensome alternatives would achieve the 4 same objective. Id. Finally, the “threshold standard for imposing a prior restraint” is applied. Id. Narrowly Tailored Trial courts have an affirmative constitutional duty to minimize the effects of prejudicial pretrial publicity. Gannett Co. v. DePasquale, 443 U.S. 368, 99 S. Ct. 2898, 61 L.Ed. 2d 608 (1979). The beneficiaries of this duty include not only the defendant in a given trial, but other defendants as well, such as co-defendants in the same case or defendants in related cases whose fair trial rights might be prejudiced by the extrajudicial statements of other trial participants. United States v. Brown, 218 F. 3d 415, 424 (5th Cir. 2000). The limitation on First Amendment rights must be not greater than is essential to the protection of the particular governmental interest involved. Procunier v. Martinez, 416 U.S. 396, 94 S.Ct. 1800, 40 L.Ed. 224 (1974). Restrictions Imposed by the Gag Order The restrictions imposed by the gag order are quoted as follows: “Accordingly, in its sound discretion and in light of the relevant facts and circumstances of this particular case, the Court ORDERS, ADJUDGES and DECREES that prior to and during the trial of this case 1. All attorneys involved in this case shall strictly adhere to the letter and spirit of the provisions of the Texas Code of Professional Responsibility governing comments to the media. Specifically, all attorneys shall refrain from making “extrajudicial 5 statements that a reasonable person would expect to be disseminated by means of public communication if the lawyer knows or reasonably should know that it will have a substantial likelihood of materially prejudicing an adjudicatory proceeding.” TEX. DISCIPLINARY R. PROF’L CONDUCT 3.07 2. All attorneys, their staffs, and law enforcement officers involved in this case shall not discuss this case with the media. 3. Witnesses shall not discuss this case with the media when they have previously given statements: a. to law enforcement personnel, b. to representatives of the District Attorney’s Office; or c. who have testified in investigative or adjudicative proceedings. 4. Witnesses who give statements to law enforcement personnel, representatives of the District Attorney’s Office, or who testify in investigative or adjudicative proceedings after the date of entry of this order shall not discuss this case with the media. 5. This Order shall not be interpreted to prohibit attorneys from communicating with the parties in order to prepare for trial, nor shall it be interpreted to prohibit the third parties from attending any live sessions before the Court or from publishing any information they have already obtained or may obtain in the future. The term “third parties” includes any person or organization, not a party, not an attorney for a party, or not a person employed by the parties or attorneys for the parties for the purpose of assisting in this litigation. This Court shall entertain reasonable requests to modify this Order as the need arises.“ Appendix 4. Findings in Support of the Restrictions The court related the facts and circumstances surrounding the case which justified the gag order restrictions: 6 “This Court takes judicial notice of 1) the unusually emotional nature of the issues involved in this case; 2) the extensive local and national media coverage this case has already generated; and 3) the various and numerous media interviews with counsel for the parties that have been published and broadcast by local and national media. The Court FINDS that counsels’ willingness to give interviews to the media would only serve to increase the volume of pretrial publicity. The Court FURTHER FINDS that if counsel for the parties continue to grant interviews to the media, the pre-trial publicity will interfere with the defendant’s right to a fair trial by an impartial jury. The Court FURTHER FINDS that no less restrictive alternative means exists to treat the specific threat to the judicial process generated by this pre-trial publicity. The Court FURTHER FINDS that an order restricting extra-judicial commentary by counsel for the parties is necessary to preserve all venue options and a delay in the proceedings would not lessen the publicity generated by this case.” Appendix 4. In “taking judicial notice of the unusually emotional nature of the issues involved” and the “extensive local and national media coverage this case has already generated,” a brief review of what was commonly known 7 through press reports and legal filings at the time of the hearing would be appropriate. On May 17, 2015, a gun battle erupted at the Twin Peaks restaurant in Waco, Texas. Nine people were killed and eighteen were wounded. The incident occurred in the early afternoon at an eating establishment located in a popular shopping center. The participants in the incident were members and associates of the Bandidos and the Cossacks, two identifiable criminal street gangs. One hundred seventy-seven people were charged with Engaging in Organized Criminal Activity as a result of the incident. All the accused were identified on the scene as gang members due to wearing distinctive symbols consistent with identifiable criminal gangs. A large number of weapons, including over one hundred firearms, were recovered at the scene. In the aftermath of the event, law enforcement intelligence learned that a “green light” had been given by the leadership element of one or more criminal gangs to engage in criminal acts directed toward law enforcement or members of rival gangs. These facts are supported by materials presented in the Appendix. In support of the court’s finding of “counsels’ willingness to give interviews to media,” is a copy of a news item wherein Clendennen’s counsel’s plan to release evidentiary videos to the media is revealed. This was appended to the State’s Motion to Quash, and is included in the Appendix. In his Appendix presented with his Mandamus application to 8 the Tenth Court of Appeals, Clendennen also provided a copy of a lengthy media interview of the McLennan County Criminal District Attorney. The enormity of the event at Twin Peaks may be unique in the number of victims, the number of co-defendants, the level of violence, and its effect on a local community. In determining the propriety of the gag order, it would behoove this Court to compare the underlying facts of this case with those of the cases cited in the parties’ briefs presented to the Tenth Court. The scale of the Twin Peaks incident dwarfs those of the cited cases. The trial court was justified in imposing all of the restrictions contained in the gag order. There was imminent harm shown that Clendennen’s counsel intended to release evidentiary surveillance videos. It can be gleaned from the hearing record and Clendennen’s brief below that the intent of that action was to counter what Clendennen believed to be biased statements from State agents previously made to the media. On this basis the court prohibited all counsel from discussing the case with the media. This provision was tempered by the provision allowing for modification of the order upon reasonable request. The gag order contemplated that, while discussion with the media was prohibited, statements to the media would be strictly construed under the Texas Disciplinary Rules of Professional Conduct. 9 Least Restrictive Means In Nebraska Press Ass’n v. Stuart, 427 US. 539, 96 S.Ct. 2791 2791, 49 L.Ed. 2d 683 (1976), the Supreme Court opined that a trial court’s decision whether to issue a gag order calls for a judgment as to whether other precautionary steps will suffice. This requirement comports with the First Amendment principle that restrictions on speech should employ the least restrictive means possible. Procunier v. Martinez, 416 U.S. 396, 94 S.Ct. 1800, 40 L.Ed. 2d 224 (1974). Several alternatives were suggested in Sheppard v. Maxwell, 384 US. 333, 86 S.Ct. 1507, 16 L.Ed. 2d 600 (1966). These include change of venue, jury sequestration, “searching” voir dire and “emphatic” jury instructions. In light of the sheer scale of the Twin Peaks incident, it seems self-evident why such less-restrictive options would not be workable. As of this writing, there is a potential of one hundred seventy- seven jury trials being held for the Twin Peaks defendants. The rights afforded these accused under Article I, §10 of the Texas Constitution and the Sixth Amendment of the Federal Constitution stands to be affected by the pretrial publicity in the instant case. The number of cases wherein venue might have to be changed, the number panelists who would need to be screened through voir dire, and the number of jurors who might be sequestered show the unreasonableness of these options. Threshold Standard The third consideration in a gag order analysis is the application of the “threshold standard for imposing a prior restraint.” Carmichael at 1293. 10 While there is a split of authority regarding what this standard is in criminal cases, the Tenth Court of Appeals has adopted the standard enunciated in Davenport v. Garcia, 834 S.W. 2d 4, 10 (Tex. 1992). See In re Graves, 217 S.W 3d 744 (Tex. App. – Waco 2007). Under Davenport, a gag order will pass state constitutional scrutiny if there are specific findings supported by evidence that (1) an imminent and irreparable harm to the judicial process will deprive litigants of a just resolution of their dispute, and (2) the judicial action represents the least restrictive means to prevent that harm. Davenport at 10. In Graves, the Tenth Court found that the gag order issued in that case did not recite sufficiently specific findings to support the order. Graves at 752-753. The findings in that case were that the judge considered: 1. The prior proceeding in this cause of action, and other related actions of which the Court takes judicial notice; 2. The pre-trial publicity which has already occurred in this cause, which includes local and national newspaper coverage, of which the Court takes judicial notice; 3. The rulings and opinions which set out the inherent power of the Court to control its own proceedings, and to assure that a fair trial is provided for the State and the Defendant in this cause. Graves at 746. There was no finding of any detriment caused by pretrial publicity, or that further publicity would affect fundamental rights of the parties. In short, there was nothing shown that justified a limitation on First Amendment rights. In comparison with the trial court’s finding in Graves, 11 the finding in the case at bar are specific as to the effects of prior publicity, the intrusion on the right to a fair trial made by such publicity, and the evident intent of the parties and their counsel to continue to make inflammatory extrajudicial statements and release evidentiary matters to the media. It is noteworthy that the Tenth Court recognized that a trial court could take judicial notice of pretrial publicity affecting the case. Graves at 751. However, judicial notice was problematic in the Graves case, due to the fact that the trial court judge never afforded Graves the opportunity to be heard on the matter. Graves at 752. This is one of the factors that differentiates Graves from In re Houston Chronicle Publishing Company, 64 S.W 3d 103 (Tex. App. – Houston [14th Dist.] 2001). Otherwise, this Court took favorable regard of the Houston Chronicle case regarding judicial notice of pretrial publicity: In the Houston Chronicle case, the Court of Appeals observed that the trial court had taken “judicial notice of the ‘emotional nature’ [of the case] and ‘extensive local and national media coverage’” and held that the trial court’s findings were “supported by judicial notice of obvious circumstances.” Houston Chronical Pub’g, 64 S.W. 3d at 109. The local, state, and national media storm surrounding the Yates case is well documented. Graves at 752. While the Davenport standard requires specific findings to support a showing of potential harm and the reasonableness of the gag order 12 restrictions, it is not required that the court explicitly discuss and reject each of the Sheppard options before imposing a gag order. See Brown at 431. The findings in support of the gag order in the instant case track the findings of the trial court in Houston Chronical, which the Fourteenth Court of Appeals found to be proper. They are more concise and applicable to the constitutional issues at play than the findings the Tenth Court was dealing with in Graves. The Graves decision noted the lack of specificity in the trial court’s findings. The Houston Chronicle decision found that the trial court’s findings were sufficient to support a gag order. The trial court in the instant case issued its order based on findings that were closely akin to those reviewed in Houston Chronicle, and which would have presumably passed muster with the Fourteenth Court. These findings, being more complete and comprehensive than those reviewed in Graves, would also have presumably been acceptable to the Tenth Court. This is the position that the State holds in the case at bar. But at the very least, the lack of analysis by the Tenth Court leaves trial courts and litigants in the dark as to whether the standards for a gag order are higher or different in the Tenth Court of Appeals District than they are in other parts of the state. Motion for Stay In its conditional grant of Clendennen’s Writ of Mandamus, the Tenth Court of Appeals set a deadline of August 14, 2015 for the trial court to vacate its gag order. Given the paramount importance to the trial rights of Mr. Clendennen and those similarly situated, guaranteed by the Fifth and 13 Sixth Amendments and Article 1, §10 of the Texas Constitution; the trial court’s affirmative constitutional duty to minimize the effects of prejudicial pretrial publicity enunciated in Gannett; and the seeming divergence of opinion between the Tenth and Fourteen Courts of Appeal, this Court should stay the conditional Writ of Mandamus issued by the Tenth Court of Appeals issued in this case on August 7, 2015, or grant such other emergency relief as requested in this petition. Conclusion It is only the occasional case that presents a danger of prejudice from pretrial publicity. Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada, 501 U.S. at 1054, 111 S.Ct. 2720, 115 L.Ed. 2d 888 (1991) (Kennedy, J., concurring). The enormity of the Twin Peaks cases puts them into this category. At stake are fair trials for one hundred seventy-seven people, and justice for nine dead. As such, in the event that this Court finds that the trial court’s order is lacking, the State would reiterate its plea made in its brief below that it heed the advice of Chief Justice Gray in his dissent in Graves, “to allow the trial court the opportunity to meet the requirements of their opinion before a fair trial … is put in jeopardy.” Graves at 754. Prayer For the foregoing reasons, the State of Texas prays that this Honorable Court affirm the trial court’s issuance of the gag order in this case, issue a Writ of Mandamus directing the Tenth Court of Appeals to vacate the conditional Writ of Mandamus previously entered by that Court, 14 and to issue a stay of the conditional Writ of Mandamus previously entered by the Tenth Court of Appeals, and prays for such other and further relief as may be provided by law. Respectfully Submitted: ABELINO ‘ABEL’ REYNA Criminal District Attorney McLennan County, Texas /s/ Abelino ‘Abel’ Reyna ABELINO ‘ABEL’ REYNA McLennan County Criminal District Attorney 219 North 6th Street, Suite 200 Waco, Texas 76701 [Tel.] (254) 757-5084 [Fax] (254) 757-5021 [Email] abel.reyna@co.mclennan.tx.us State Bar No. 24000087 Certificate of Compliance This document complies with the typeface requirements of Tex. R. App. P. 9.4(e) because it has been prepared in a conventional typeface no smaller than 14-point for text and 12-point for footnotes. This document also complies with the word-count limitations of Tex. R. App. P. 9.4(i), if applicable, because it contains 3,451 words, excluding any parts exempted by Tex. R. App. P. 9.4(i)(1). 15 Certificate of Service I certify that I caused to be served a true and correct copy of this Petition by electronic service or email or hand delivery on: Respondent, 10th Court of Appeals Waco, Texas by hand delivery per request of Chief Justice Tom Gray Attorney, F. Clint Broden, for Real Party in Interest, Matthew Clendennen at clint@texascrimlaw.com Real Party in Interest, Judge Matt Johnson, 54th District Court, McLennan County Texas at matt.johnson@co.mclennan.tx.us DATE: 8/11/15 /S/ ABELINO ‘ABEL’ REYNA ABELINO ‘ABEL’ REYNA 16