Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion

OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS AUSTIN !i::norable Claude Isbell Secretary or State Austin, Texas Attention: J. L. ELoGarlty Dear Sir: ha purposes ror ash oorporaticP is ed is the eaas? And related questions. tore8 Corporation is a Delaware a permit to do business in Texas. ridnally obtained rrom thls 1935, at whioh tlma it dfd e oorporate name of Frank Ruben- This permit has alnoe an edditional~ period of ten years. I am attaching hereto a oopy of the complete file relative to the orlglnal permit of this said corporation for your use in eon- sldering the questions that I will later present you with. This oorporatfon under this permit owns and operates a number of retail stores where they sell ladies’ and children’s ready- to-wear zerchandise. Bonorable Claude Isbell, Page 2 “v+sataklln Stores Corporation Of Shame-, Is a domestio oorporation whose charter was filed ln this of!‘ioe on May 28, 1945. I am attaching hereto a copy of this oharter together with the aff!.darlt riled in support thereto. Y.‘he attornias for the Delaware corporatim have asksd us ff we wm approve and file sow3 fortp or fifty additional charters ldsntloal with that o? Fvanklln Stores C rporatlon of Shertian, exoept that a different town Pn Texas ~111 be named in saoh corporate name, and exoept with the provlslou that ln the affidavit aoooapaanying aaoh oherter all of the capital stock of the proposed oorporationa will be aubsoribed and paid for by Franklin Storm Corpora- tion, a Delaware oorporaticm with a prmlt to do buainesa in Texas. YX?ESTICNJ Can the Seoretary of State approva and file a charter for a dOW8tiO oorporatlon wham all of the qmlifying sharse of th8 oapitd stook of euah proposed oorporation has bean auboorlbed and paid Sor by a fovelgn oorporat%on with a permit to do bualmss In Texas, where the purpose for whrhioheach oorporatlon I8 organized Is the name? Would your answer to qoestlon 1 be differant if the purpose for whioh the Texas corporation is osgpanlzed was not the same as the subaoriblng oor- poration? Would your answer to question 1 be any dlf- ferent if the subaorlblng oorporation did not have a pernit to Uo business in Texas? *?iould your answer to qUeStiO!I 2 be any dif- ferent if the eubaorlbing corporation did not have a permit to UO buelness in Texas?” sith raferenoe to your question as to whether the Secret&y of State should napprove and file a charter for a domsstio oorporatfcm where all of the qualify%! Share-3 Of the aapital stock of such proposed corporation has been eub- 790 793. Honorable Claude Isbell, Page 4 rellglous, chari%able or eleemosynarg actlrltles, or to OO.WIC~C~O~ OX Industrial clubs or associations or other civio enterprises or organizations not &I any mannernor to any extent directly or indirectly engaged in iurtherlng the cause of any political party, or aiding In the eleotion or defeat of any candldata for office, or siding In defraying the azpanses or any political campaign, or political hsadquartsrs, or aiding or assl6ting the ~~~008s or defeat or any questfon to bs voted uponby thr gwiriea voters or this Stats or any subdIvisIon th8rcor. ” By the great might of authority, a copporatlon oan- not subeorlbe for stock in a newly formed corporation. (Hllde- brand, Texas Corporations, Vol. 1, Sec. 31, go 168-169; Denny Hotel Co, vs. Sohram, 32 P. 1002, 6 Waeh. 134P’ “The prevailing doctirlns la that a corporation hsr no powar either to subsoribe ror m purchase share.8 of 'stock in another oorporatlon, unless euoh power ls’sxprassly OOnierred upon it by its ohartar or other statuts, or unless the cirouastanees am such that the .transaotlon la s necessary or reasonable means of carrying out or aooanpllahing the objasts ror whloh it was otiaatea. Moreover, purchases or stock of other corporations have bsen held to be contrary to publlo polloy, in addition to being bayopd the powsr of the oorporatim,w Flstahar, Cyelopedla Corporatl‘ms, Vol. 2, Sso. 1117, p. 2067. Under the provIsion or Artlols 1349, a ror~eign or domestic oorporatlon doing,businese III this State would ba parmittsa to subaoribe fti and aoquire capital stock in a aomstlo Oorporatlon where such domestlo CorpOratiOtI Oon- stitutes a noivlo enterprlss* (see xocora Co. v. Cltizene Hotel Co., (Tel. CIv. AP .) 287 s, w 906, (error ai8mi68d for want or jurlsdictlon 7., Adams National Bank V. AdamUCo., 298 S. :v. 309 (writ dismissed); A. J. Anderson Co. v. CitIzsns riote1 CO.) Tex. Civ. App., 8 S. w’. (26) 702, (writ refused); ati 8. J. &demon Co. 0. KinsOlVing, (Tax. CiV. APP.) 262 . S. vi 150, dit or error dismissed ror want br 5urisai0ti0d, op f& the bensflt of oertain charitable, raligiOU8 Or OlOemOsY- nary activities or industirial olubs Or aasoolations. Under said article, such oorpmatlons .my do uire stook ti another corporation “to accomplish the l&t 3!iikhiina~~ or its i ‘onorabls Clsudr Isbell, Fage 5 craYtion,R end the power to acquire suoh stock is implied, if such acquisition is s ressonable or necessary mesns of eifeo- tuating the oorporate object; thus, a oorporatlon may take stock in satlsraotlon or s debt (Holmes & Orlws Zrg. CO. I. Holmes & ‘;r’esssl Metal co., 27 N. r:. 831, 127 N. Y. 252), as oollateral seourity ror an existing debt (Citizens State Bank of Noble6vllle V. Hewkins, C. C. A Ind., 71 F. 3691, or in satisfaotion of a disputed claim [i’iret Netlonal Pank or Charlotte v. National Exchange Bank or Baltimore, 92 U. s. 122, 23 L. Ed. 679)i It is cpparent that the subaoriptlon for the aapital steak of a domestic corporatlaa by another corporation, under the facts stated, doss not oanstltuts anp or the raregoing purposes. Alao, the power to *aoquircP stock in another company is to be ai8tingthwa rrom power to be a *purohaoor* Q *aubsoribern or capital stock ln another uorposatlm, and statutory power to uacquirrn hook in anotha oorporatla doss not carry with it the power to eubrorlbe for NW stook in anothar c-any. (Robotham v’. Pru- aontlal fns. co., 64 N. J. Fa. 673, 53 Atl. 842.) It 1s ~011 asttlad that, exoapt where it is othrwlsa providdd by ltatutr, a oorporatlcm aannot beuoms an original subearlbsr tor stook in anothar corporation. (Soa FLatchar, Cyolopeddia Corpora- tions, voli 2, Se0. lll9, p. 2071, and oaaoa Oit@d thrroin). A mere banrilt to the purohaaer dora lawful; (Rowan v. Taxas Orchard Davslopmenk Co App.) 1.81 8. Y.. 871 (writ dsnlsd))* any statutory authority, oxpressed or lmpliad, whereby suah subac~lptlon for the orlglnal oapital hook o? I dommtfa corporatim by a foralga corporation doing bumlnrm in Texas wo@d be wl&hln the *purposea otherwiaa permitted by law* rersrrsd to in Artlolr 1349., Although the purpose OS tha subeorlblng foreign oorporation and the proposed domoatlo oorporatlon are the same, k0m aa the lack oi power or a oorpoxatfcn to purohase @hares of stook in another company 1s concerned, it ie immaterial that’ths car orations are engaged in similar business. (Prople v. Ch15oa,go Gas Trust co., 130 Ill. 268, 8 L. R. A. 497, 22 N. t. $98; Buaksye Marble dc Freeatone CO. v., Harvey 92 Term. 115, 20 5. 7. 427; Flatchar, Cyolopedle Corporations, Vol. 2, Section 1118, pp. 2070-2071) In the absenoe of laglelatlve sanction, either ex- pressed or hpii5a and in view of the authorities cited hsrs- in, it la OUT opdon that a rorelgn oorporetLti vlth a permit 793 Honorable Clsctde Inbell, ?age 6 ,to do business in Texas would not be authorized to aubecrlbe and pay for all the qualifying eheree of stock of a proposed domeatlc oorporatlon, end that the Seorrtnry of State should not approve the oharter of said proposed domeatlo aorporatlon, 2. In view of the mamona above glron, our answers to Uueetlon 1 would be no dltf went If the purpoaerr of the subaorlblng foreign oorporatlon and the propoasd domestlo oorporatlai uora different. The rule applloable to the pur- ohass of stoak by one corporation In another la the eusme, regardlera of whether laoh oorporatloa la oraatrd for the 8ame or ror dirrerenti purports. (Platoher, Cyolopedla Corporrtlono, Vol. 1, Sea; 1118, p. 2071). Y. Our answer to’ Question 1 would be no dlfrerant If the subrorlblng foreign oorporatlon did not hata a permit to do busInrs8 in Texaa. The oourts have gmerally held that a toreign oorporatlm oannot exerolre &roster ponr8 than the looal lewvt allow to elmllar daaestlo oorporatlons. (SO0 Flstoher, Cyolopbdla Cor oratlonn, Vol. 2, Sea. ll25, p. 2081). The llmltatlons and proh f bltlonr o? A.rtIole 1349, V. A. C. S., apply to domeetlo oorporatlona; and iOr Ithe aama roaronr herr- torore dlsouasfl In 9,uestIon 1, it Is our opinion that a drmsatlo oorporation would not be authoxI@ad,under the facts given, to ~ubscrlbs for all of the oapltal #took In anothm domeatic oorpo?atIon. In then oaae of Color v. Taooma Rallwey and Power Co., 65 N. J. I?q* 347 103 hm. St. Rep., 786, 54 Atl. 4.l3, the oourt of New Jsresy ha i d, in view of reoogaimd prlnoiplelr of oomlty end pub110 polloy, that a New JereQy oorporatlan oould not own stock In a iVaahln&ton oorporation, when under the laws of Waehlngton, a domeatlo oorpoxatim oould not own atook in another domestio oorporation, rrgardlees of the poware of the foreign (I?. J.) aorporation ln Its orn etate. This oaae In- volved an arrangement by whlah the New Jersey Company (appar- ently wlthout a permit to do businesr In WeeshIngton) was to traneier all its property and rranohiass, rxoept the frenahlse of’ being a oorporatlar, to a oorporatim In the State of Xashlngton, end reorlve therefor twenty thousand ahara oi paid up stock In the latter company of the par va,lue of one hundred dollars each, b&sides certain assumptions and guaranties. Ke quote from the opinion of the court an f oU.owt3r Honorable Claude Isball, Page 7 Yha oourtr oi Waahlngton have daolded that oae oorporatlon oanuot subaorlba for, purahase, hold or vote upon the shares of a took of another oorporatlcn wIthout loglalatlv~ sanatlon, and that the leglalature of the state hae never aano- timed such aotar Danny Hotel CO. v. Sohram, 6 Wash. 134, 36 m. St.. rep. 130, 32 pao. x002; Parsons v. Taooaa Smelting ato. Do., 25 Wash. 492; 65 Pao. 765. This dootrlne rests al&-, gather on oonaldaratlona of public pollog. But it Is said that the polloy, 80 daolarad, extends only to doarrtlo oorporatlana, and whether it a+ould embraoa torqlm oorporationa la a matter to be daoldad by the oaurta of that stats alone. I do not tmdrratand that tha p?lloy la 80 r4atrlot4d. On4 of its objeota la tb parent an4 oorporatlon fr~om latatfrrin~ with the oontrol of another. This wan the purpose to be labberrtad by the daolafon in Parsons 1. Taooma Smaltin(l ate. Co., jwrt olted, where although the title of the atoak- holding oompany was not aaaalla6, Ita right to vote upon the stook wq denied. It Is true that the stookholding oompnny was a domqatlo oorporatlm, but the denial or Its ri&t to vote could not be based on ,that oIroua#tanoa, pretatlon, not an extenalon, of’ the dootrlea. “But Ii’ it be an extension, the extanalan le made by the constitution ot Washington, which provides (artlola 12, paragraph 7) that ‘ne oor- poratlon organized outside the llmlta of this state shell be allowed to tranaaot business within the state on more favorable oondltlona than are preaoribed by law to similar oorporations organlaed under the laws of this state.' 795 Honorable Claude Isball, Page 8 *. . , . Zf thla Hew forsoy oorporatIon Out legally do what 1s thus pohlblkd to a Washington aorporatlon, than the foraiga oorporatlon la allowad to trmaaot bualnaas in Washingtan aa oondItIona more favorable than those praaarlbati far lta domaa- tlo oorporatloaa. The oanatltutlun ~farblda this.” (uudoraoming ours) & vlaw of the llmllarlty sf the lltuation ln Tnam and Waahlngtaa, partloularly rith rafaronor to tha abraaoa ho? partloular nature); ln view of raoo lwd pub110 ~0110~~ am3 ln view of the above oitad authorit r as, i,t la our oplnlcra that the Saarataap of State should not a pore and flla a 0Wtat of a domaatlo oorporation; wham a 9 or the qu@ftln&! UaWaa of oapltal atook ara aubaorIbad and paid for by a aorpo@atlan wlthout~a parinlt to do bualnaaa ln Taras. 4. zh vlaw of our holdlag that uudrr tho faota etatod, a foreign oorporatlm (w&@houta permit ta do biaminrar in Texas) would not be parmlttad to lubaorlba for all of thr qualifying shores of oap%tal stoat of a dbmoetio oorpnr~tion, as haratofora stated, Inrofar as the laok of authozl$~ is oonooamd, It la immatarlal uðer @ia pmpmaa of the foralga eubaorlblng oorporatlai a& tha propcrrad damratio oorporatlap are the maa or dlffaront. ~Tharaioro, our anawar to Qtmatlca 2 would bo ao dlffaiant if. t&S purpcia~r of the foreign o~orporatlon (without a peralt to do buaInaaa ln Texas) awl tha proposed domaatlo oorporatlm wars dlffyaat. We trust the faregoing ~atiafaot~r’ily anawara row! Lnquirloa. Toura vary truly