FILED
United States Court of Appeals
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Tenth Circuit
FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT July 17, 2017
_________________________________
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
ROBERT J. TRUBY,
Plaintiff - Appellant,
v. No. 16-1486
(D.C. No. 1:16-CV-00877-CMA-CBS)
DEBORAH DENHAM, Warden, (D. Colo.)
FCI Englewood; JUDD MOTCHAN,
Health and Safety Manager, FCI
Englewood; FRANKIE CORDOVA, Mid-
level Practitioner FCI Englewood,
Defendants - Appellees.
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ORDER AND JUDGMENT*
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Before LUCERO, HOLMES, and BACHARACH, Circuit Judges.
_________________________________
Robert J. Truby is an inmate at a federal prison in Colorado. Proceeding
pro se,1 he sued various prison officials alleging they violated his Eighth Amendment
rights. See Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Fed. Bureau of Narcotics,
*
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist in the determination of
this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore
ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is not binding
precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral
estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent with
Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
1
We liberally construe Mr. Truby’s pro se pleadings, but he must follow the
same rules of procedure as other litigants. See Garrett v. Selby Connor Maddux &
Janer, 425 F.3d 836, 840 (10th Cir. 2005).
403 U.S. 388, 397 (1971) (recognizing a civil cause of action for certain
constitutional violations by federal agents). As relevant here, Mr. Truby claimed the
prison had an inadequate ventilation system and accused Warden Denham and
Mr. Motchan (the Health and Safety Manager) of contributing to the problem and
trying to hide it. Ms. Denham and Mr. Motchan moved for summary judgment on the
ground that Mr. Truby failed to exhaust administrative remedies. Upon the
recommendation of a magistrate judge, the district court granted the motion and
dismissed Mr. Truby’s claims against them without prejudice.2 We agree that
Mr. Truby failed to exhaust available administrative remedies, so we affirm.
We review the district court’s ruling de novo. See Little v. Jones, 607 F.3d
1245, 1249 (10th Cir. 2010). “No action shall be brought with respect to prison
conditions . . . by a prisoner . . . until such administrative remedies as are available
are exhausted.” 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a); see Yousef v. Reno, 254 F.3d 1214, 1219
(10th Cir. 2001) (applying the exhaustion requirement to a Bivens action). To meet
the exhaustion requirement, an inmate must follow each step in the administrative
remedy procedure. Little, 607 F.3d at 1249.
2
The district court also dismissed Mr. Truby’s claims against Frankie
Cordova, but Mr. Truby does not challenge this ruling in his opening brief.
Therefore, we do not consider this matter further. See, e.g., Fairchild v. Workman,
579 F.3d 1134, 1146 (10th Cir. 2009) (noting that a party “ha[d] effectively abandoned
[an] argument by failing to make it in its appellate brief”); Coleman v. B-G Maintenance
Mgmt. of Colo. Inc., 108 F.3d 1199, 1205 (10th Cir. 1997) (“Issues not raised in the
opening brief are deemed abandoned or waived.”).
2
Mr. Truby admits he failed to comply with the fourth step in the BOP’s
administrative remedy program.3 Nevertheless, he asks us to excuse the exhaustion
requirement because he claims the BOP’s administrative appeal process is futile. But
futility is no excuse. Indeed, a prisoner must exhaust the available administrative
remedies even when they “appear to be futile.” Jernigan v. Stuchell, 304 F.3d 1030,
1032 (10th Cir. 2002). And although Mr. Truby complains the appeal process is
ineffectual, he does not claim prison officials somehow prevented him from pursuing
an administrative remedy. Cf. Little, 607 F.3d at 1250 (“Where prison officials
prevent, thwart, or hinder a prisoner’s efforts to avail himself of an administrative
remedy, they render that remedy ‘unavailable.’”). We therefore agree that Mr. Truby
failed to exhaust the available administrative remedies and affirm the district court’s
order granting summary judgment.
Because Mr. Truby failed to show “the existence of a reasoned, nonfrivolous
argument on the law and facts in support of the issues raised on appeal,”
DeBardeleben v. Quinlan, 937 F.2d 502, 505 (10th Cir. 1991), we deny his motion to
proceed without prepayment of costs and fees. Mr. Truby is directed to pay the filing
3
The BOP has a four-step administrative remedy program. See 28 C.F.R.
§§ 542.10-542.19. At the final step, an inmate must appeal an adverse decision to the
General Counsel, who has 40 days to respond or grant an extension. See id.
§§ 542.15(a), 542.18. Mr. Truby filed his complaint in federal court before the
response period expired.
3
fee to the Clerk of the United States District Court for the District of Colorado.
Entered for the Court
Jerome A. Holmes
Circuit Judge
4