In the Missouri Court of Appeals
Eastern District
DIVISION FIVE
STATE OF MISSOURI, ) ED106221
)
Respondent, ) Appeal from the Circuit Court
) of St. Louis County
v. ) 16SL-CR01477-01
)
LEROY COLEMAN, JR., ) Honorable David L. Vincent III
)
Appellant. ) Filed: April 30, 2019
OPINION
Leroy Coleman, Jr. (“Coleman”) appeals the trial court’s judgment entered upon a jury
verdict convicting him of one count of first-degree murder, three counts of first-degree assault,
one count of unlawful use of a weapon, and five counts of armed criminal action. We affirm.
BACKGROUND
On February 20, 2016, a black Mercedes was forcibly stolen at gunpoint from a gas
station in Sauget, Illinois. Surveillance footage captured the incident. The four men involved
were Coleman, Jerrod Corley, Tony Bailey, and John Stith. Stith attempted to drive the vehicle
but could not shift the car into gear due to the unique shift mechanism on the vehicle.1 Corley
switched places with Stith and drove the vehicle from the scene.
Corley drove the men to a bar in St. Louis County where they saw Cornelius Stallings,
his girlfriend and two other individuals. Coleman believed Stallings was involved in the death of
his cousin. Stallings and his companions left in his Jeep. He was driving, his girlfriend was
sitting in the front passenger seat, and the other individuals were in the back. Coleman and his
companions also left with Corley driving the Mercedes. Coleman saw Stallings’ Jeep on
Interstate 270. Corley drove the Mercedes next to the Jeep and the passengers in the Mercedes
began shooting into the Jeep. Stallings’ girlfriend was killed as a result of the shooting. The
individuals in the back each suffered gunshot wounds.
Coleman and Corley were tried together. A jury convicted Coleman of one count of first-
degree murder, three counts of first-degree assault, one count of unlawful use of a weapon, and
five attendant counts of armed criminal action. He was sentenced to life imprisonment for first-
degree murder and consecutive terms of twenty and fifteen years for the various remaining
counts.2 The present appeal follows.
DISCUSSION
In his sole point on appeal, Coleman argues the trial court abused its discretion in
admitting surveillance video of an unrelated carjacking in Illinois and the related testimony
concerning his participation in the uncharged crime because it constituted improper evidence of
his propensity to commit the crimes charged. Coleman contends the State’s argument that the
1
The particular model had a gear shift with a selector mounted on the right side of the steering wheel. It required a
release button to be pressed to start the vehicle, and then the driver used the selector to put the car in park, drive, or
reverse.
2
He received twenty years for each count of armed criminal action, twenty years for unlawful use of a weapon,
twenty years for one count of first-degree assault, and fifteen years for the remaining counts of first-degree assault.
2
evidence was offered as part of a common scheme or plan or to present a complete and coherent
picture of the events leading up to the charged crimes was simply pretextual.
Standard of Review
The State claims this issue was not properly preserved for our review. According to the
State, the error alleged in Coleman’s motion for new trial was the trial court’s decision to deny
his motion in limine. The State cites State v. Davis, 533 S.W.3d 781 (Mo. App. S.D. 2017) in
support of its argument that the issue was not preserved. However, this case is distinguishable
from the facts in Davis. In his claim on appeal, Davis alleged the trial court erred in overruling
his objections to the admission of the evidence at trial. However, he failed to raise it in his
motion for new trial, thus broadening the scope of his original allegation of error, for purposes of
appeal. Id. at 788 (emphasis in original). The court concluded the issue was not properly
preserved. Id.
The State is correct that a ruling on a motion in limine is interlocutory and not subject to
appellate review. To properly preserve the issue for review, the party seeking to exclude the
evidence must object to its admission at trial. State v. Carr, 50 S.W.3d 848, 855-56 (Mo. App.
W.D. 2001). Here, Coleman initially challenged the trial court’s denial of his motion in limine.
He repeatedly raised the issues of the admissibility of the video and the related testimony at trial,
and a continuing objection was granted to Coleman at trial. He also argued the trial court erred
in admitting the evidence at trial in his motion for new trial. Therefore, the alleged error was not
unknown or expanded upon appeal here as it was in Davis. Thus we consider the issue as if it
were preserved.
A trial court has broad discretion to admit or exclude evidence at trial. State v. Hood, 451
S.W.3d 758, 765 (Mo. App. E.D. 2014). The court abuses its discretion if its decision is clearly
3
against the logic of the circumstances and so unreasonable as to indicate a lack of careful
consideration. Id.
Analysis
Coleman is correct that, in general, evidence of an uncharged crime is inadmissible if
offered for the sole purpose of showing the defendant’s propensity to commit the crime for
which he is charged. State v. McBenge, 515 S.W.3d 706, 725 (Mo. App. E.D. 2016). However,
there are several exceptions to this rule. Id. These exceptions include evidence that tends to
establish: 1) motive; 2) identity of the person charged; 3) intent; 4) absence of mistake or
accident; 5) a common scheme or plan; or 6) a complete and coherent picture of the
circumstances and events surrounding the charged crime. Id. Such evidence must be logically
relevant, meaning it has some legitimate tendency to directly establish the defendant’s guilt of
the charges for which he is on trial. State v. Brown, 457 S.W.3d 772, 786 (Mo. App. E.D. 2014).
The evidence must also be legally relevant, which means the probative value of the evidence
must outweigh its prejudicial effect. Id.
In the present case, Coleman was charged with first-degree murder, first-degree assault,
unlawful use of a weapon, and the attendant counts of armed criminal action as a result of events
occurring in February 2016. Earlier in the evening, a distinctive black Mercedes was carjacked
at gun point at a gas station in Sauget, Illinois. Coleman was involved and the Mercedes was
driven from Illinois to a bar in St. Louis County. The charged offenses occurred while Coleman
was riding in this Mercedes.
Here, the evidence of the carjacking did not fall under the exception to establish a
common scheme or plan because there was no evidence the Mercedes was stolen for the purpose
4
of committing the charged crimes.3 In addition, the evidence did not fall under the exceptions to
establish motive, Coleman’s identity, his intent, or the absence of a mistake or accident.
However, evidence of the carjacking in Illinois was not pretextual but admissible and
relevant to show a complete and coherent picture of the circumstances surrounding the
subsequent shooting. It was also evidence of the sequence of events leading up to the shooting.
Moreover, considering the record as a whole, the probative value of the evidence outweighed its
prejudicial effect. Thus, it was admissible as an exception to the general exclusion of such
evidence, and the trial court did not abuse its discretion in allowing evidence of the carjacking in
Illinois at trial. McBenge, 515 S.W.3d at 725. Point one is denied.
CONCLUSION
The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
__________________________________
Lisa P. Page, Chief Judge
Angela T. Quigless, J. and Nicole Colbert-Botchway, Sp.J., concur.
3
At oral argument Coleman properly distinguished the facts of the present case from those in State v. Robinson, 392
S.W.3d 545 (Mo. App. S.D. 2013). In Robinson, evidence of the defendant’s purchase of orange ski masks and a
subsequent altercation as he was leaving Walmart was found to be logically relevant and admissible because the
defendant and others committed a robbery wearing the masks. Id. at 549. The court concluded the purchase was
interconnected to the robbery, and therefore tended to establish the defendant planned and executed the robbery. Id.
at 554, 555.
5