IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
CAPTAIN BRUCE NELSON, No. 69890-7-I
Appellant, DIVISION ONE
V.
UNPUBLISHED OPINION
STATE OF WASHINGTON and
WASHINGTON STATE BOARD OF
PILOTAGE COMMISSIONERS,
Respondents. FILED: October 28, 2019
CHUN, J. — In this linked appeal, Captain Bruce Nelson claims that the trial court
erred by denying his motion to vacate its summary judgment order.1 After the court
dismissed his claims on summary judgment, Nelson discovered, through a Public
Records Act (PRA) request, an Excel spreadsheet that projected certain trainees’
retirement dates (“manpower spreadsheet”). Nelson moved to vacate the summary
judgment order under CR 60(b)(3) and (b)(4). The trial court denied the motion,
concluding that the evidence was not new and that the Washington State Board of
Pilotage Commissioners (Board) did not commit misconduct. For the reasons
discussed herein, we affirm.
1 This appeal is linked to Nelson v. Wash. State Bd. of Pilotage Comm’rs, No. 68701-8, which is
Nelson’s appeal of the trial court’s summary judgment order.
No. 69890-7-1/2
I. BACKGROUND2
A. The PRA Request
In April 2008, the Trainee Evaluation Committee (TEC) (established by the
Board) recommended the Board not license Nelson as a pilot. Before the Board made
its decision, it allowed Nelson to present documentation to the Board regarding why it
should decide otherwise. To prepare for the presentation, Nelson submitted a PRA
request to the Board on April 29, 2008, seeking his ‘complete training file, including
materials reviewed by the [TEC] and information that has been provided to the
Commissioners.” The Board did not produce the manpower spreadsheet in response to
the request. Nelson presented to the Board in October 2008. In December 2008, the
Board denied Nelson a pilot’s license.
B. The Administrative Proceeding
In December 2008, Nelson requested an administrative hearing to contest the
Board’s decision.
In connection with that hearing, on October 30, 2009, Nelson served several
subpoenas duces tecum on various Board members. The subpoenas requested that
the witnesses bring to their depositions the following:
ALL DOCUMENTS, ELECTRONIC RECORDS AND OTHER THINGS in
your possession or control, THAT RELATE IN ANY WAY TO evaluation,
testing, recommending, voting about, considering, training, licensing, or
denying training or licensing; in relation to trainees Klapperich, Jones,
Sweeney, Bujacich, Nelson, Sliker, Kelly, Seymour, Semler, Thoreson,
2Additional background information is provided in the opinions from the linked case, Nelson,
No. 68701-8, and Nelson’s administrative appeal, Nelson v. Wash. State Bd. of Pilotage Comm’rs,
No. 75559-5-I, (Wash. Ct. App. Dec. 11,2017) (unpublished)
http://www.courts.wa.gov/opinions/pdf/755595. pdf.
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No. 69890-7-1/3
Hannuksela, Marmol, Grobschmit, Kalvoy, Carison, Ward, or Wilde;
including but not limited to all communications from or to any person or
entity (including but not limited to any Board of Pilotage Commissioners, its
agents, staff or officials, and the Puget Sound Pilots organization, members,
or their agents), about each such trainee.
None of the witnesses provided the manpower spreadsheet in response to the
subpoenas. On April 13, 2010, the administrative law judge (AU) issued an order
upholding the Board’s decision to not license Nelson.3
C. This Civil Action
In September 2010, while waiting for the Board to issue a final order in the
administrative action, Nelson filed this civil action against the State of Washington and
the Board, alleging age discrimination under the Washington Law Against
Discrimination (WLAD).
A year later, on September 23, 2011, the defendant moved for summary
judgment. On November 23, 2011, while the summary judgment motion was pending,
Nelson served discovery requests. Nelson’s Request for Production (REP) No. 7 asked
the defendants to “produce any documents related to any and all Pilot retirement
‘surveys’ as such term is used in Board and TEC minutes. To the extent available,
please produce all such documents in their original electronic form, with metadata
intact.” REP No. 8 requested “any documents related to any and all Pilot ‘manpower’
worksheets, spreadsheets, or other ‘manpower’ documents, as such term is used in
~ This court affirmed the administrative order upholding the Board’s decision. Nelson, No. 75559-
5-I, slip op. at 27. The Washington State Supreme Court denied Nelson’s subsequent petition for review
on June 6, 2018, cause no. 95540-9.
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No. 69890-7-1/4
Board and TEC minutes. To the extent available, please produce all such documents in
their original electronic form, with metadata intact.”
The defendants responded to Nelson’s discovery requests on December 23,
2011. In response to RFP No. 7, the defendants stated “Objection, this request
exceeds the scope of CR 26(b)(1) in that it can lead to no information relevant to the
Plaintiff’s claims. Further, objection, the requested information intrudes on the privacy
of licensed pilots. Without waiving objections, see Attachment C, Pilot Retirement
Surveys, numbered 95010001-019.” In response to REP No. 8, the defendants stated
as follows:
Objection, this request exceeds the scope of CR 26(b)(1) in that it can lead
to no information relevant to the Plaintiff’s claims. Further, objection, the
requested information intrudes on the privacy of licensed pilots.
Without waiving these objections, Defendant has contacted Plaintiff, and he
has agreed to sign a protective order prohibiting disclosure of the dates of
birth of the licensed pilots. Accordingly, Defendant will produce responsive
documents upon entry of an appropriate protective order.
On January 13, 2012, the court held a hearing on the motion for summary
judgment. The court determined that a certified administrative record should be
a part of the court file and requested the parties to reach an agreement on the
contents of such a record. The court heard oral argument on February 3, 2012.
At the hearing, the defendant’s attorney stated, “The testimony in front of the AU
was they didn’t know [Nelson’s] age. Nobody knew. None of the pilots out there
knew how old they were.”
On March 25, 2012, Nelson’s attorney sent an email to the defendants’ counsel
requesting the manpower spreadsheet. The next day, March 26, 2012, the defendants’
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No. 69890-7-1/5
attorney responded that he would have a Board representative sign a protective order if
Nelson’s lawyer drafted one and sent it to him. Later that day, Nelson’s attorney
emailed a proposed protective order and a Board representative signed it and emailed it
back to Nelson. The defendants told Nelson it would produce the document once he
confirmed that he had filed the order.4
Two days later, on March 28, 2012, the trial court dismissed Nelson’s claims on
summary judgment. The defendants believed this ended their discovery obligations.
On March 29, 2012, Nelson sent confirmation to the defendants that the court
had signed and entered the protective order, and asked when he could expect to
receive the records. The defendants do not appear to have responded.
Also on March 29, 2012, Nelson submitted a PRA request for the manpower
spreadsheet. In December 2012, the Board produced the document in response to the
request. The manpower spreadsheet is “an excel spreadsheet authored and
maintained by Puget Sound Pilots who were, at different times, members of the Trainee
Evaluation Committee (TEC). It contains three tabs named (1) ‘Projection’, (2)
‘Retirement Survey 3-07’ and (3) ‘Trainee List’.”
On January 17, 2013, Nelson moved to vacate the summary judgment order
under CR 60(b)(3) and (b)(4). Nelson claimed the manpower spreadsheet constituted
newly discovered evidence and that the defendants’ counsel committed misconduct by
misrepresenting to the court that the Board members did not know Nelson’s age.
~‘The defendants told Nelson in an email, “Once we have confirmation by you that [the protective
order] has been filed, we will remit the docs.”
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No. 69890-7-1/6
On January 29, 2013, the court denied Nelson’s motion to vacate the summary
judgment order. The court ruled the evidence was not newly discovered and that the
defendants did not commit any misconduct.
Nelson appeals.5
II. ANALYSIS
We review a “trial court’s decision on a CR 60(b) motion for an abuse of
discretion.” Vance v. Offices of Thurston County Comm’rs, 117 Wn. App. 660, 671, 71
P.3d 680 (2003). A court abuses its discretion if its decision is manifestly unreasonable
or based on untenable grounds. Vance, 117 Wn. App. at 671.
A. CR 60(b)(3) - Newly Discovered Evidence
Nelson argues the manpower spreadsheet constitutes newly discovered
evidence. The defendants claim Nelson did not act diligently to obtain the document
prior to summary judgment. We conclude the trial court did not abuse its discretion by
determining that the manpower spreadsheet is not newly discovered evidence.
Under CR 60(b)(3), “[o]n motion and upon such terms as are just, the court may
relieve a party. . . from a final judgment, order, or proceeding” if a party finds “[n]ewly
discovered evidence which by due diligence could not have been discovered in time to
move for a new trial under rule 59(b).” To vacate a judgment under CR 60(b)(3), a party
must demonstrate “the evidence (1) would probably change the result if a new trial were
granted, (2) was discovered since trial, (3) could not have been discovered before the
~ We stayed this matter until the parties resolved the administrative case on June 29, 2018. Our
Supreme Court further stayed this case in connection with Nelson’s motion to supplement the record,
which stay was lifted on March 6, 2019.
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No. 69890-7-1/7
trial by the exercise of due diligence, (4) is material, and (5) is not merely cumulative or
impeaching.” Jones v. City of Seattle, 179 Wn.2d 322, 360, 314 P.3d 380 (2013).
Parties may not merely allege that they acted diligently, but must explain why they did
not discover the evidence previously. Vance, 117 Wn. App. at 671.
Nelson fails to show he could not have discovered the document by the exercise
of due diligence, and he thus does not satisfy the third element. Nelson sent his first
discovery request related to the manpower spreadsheet in November 2011. In
December 2011, the defendants responded that they spoke with Nelson and would
produce the documents once he filed a protective order. Though Nelson and the
defendants agreed in December that the defendants would produce the manpower
spreadsheet once Nelson filed a protective order, Nelson waited three months to seek
entry of the order. Had Nelson filed the protective order in December 2011, he
presumably would have had the manpower spreadsheet three months before the entry
of summary judgment.
When Nelson finally sent the protective order to the defendants, the defendants
were responsive and signed it the same day. Nelson, however, did not confirm that he
had filed the protective order until the day after the trial court’s summary judgment
order. Because the court had granted the defendants’ motion for summary judgment,
they justifiably believed their discovery obligations had ended and did not produce the
record. Additionally, as the defendants note, Nelson could have filed a CR 56(f) motion
to continue the case until further discovery could take place, but did not. In light of the
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No. 69890-7-118
foregoing, Nelson could have obtained the evidence prior to the summary judgment
order had he acted with due diligence. Indeed, Nelson neglects to explain why he
waited three months to file the protective order.
Because Nelson could have obtained the manpower spreadsheet had he acted
diligently with regard to the discovery process in his civil suit, the trial court did not
abuse its discretion by denying the motion to vacate under CR 60(b)(3).
B. CR 60(b)(4) Fraud, Misrepresentation, or Other Misconduct
-
Nelson asserts the defendants committed misconduct by (1) stating to the court
that no one on the Board knew Nelson’s age, and (2) not turning over the manpower
spreadsheet in response to RFP No. 7. The defendants contend Nelson requested the
manpower spreadsheet in REP No. 8, and their timely objection defeats any allegations
of misconduct. We agree with the defendants.
CR 60(b)(4) gives courts the power to vacate judgments for fraud,
misrepresentation, or other misconduct of an adverse party. To justify vacating the
judgment, “the fraudulent conduct or misrepresentation must cause the entry of the
judgment such that the losing party was prevented from fully and fairly presenting its
case or defense.” Lindqren v. Lindgren, 58 Wn. App. 588, 596, 794 P.2d 526 (1990).
The party requesting relief under CR 60(b)(4) must demonstrate that the other party
committed misconduct by clear and convincing evidence. Lindciren, 58 Wn. App. at
596. To grant relief, the trial court does not need to consider the probable effect of the
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No. 69890-7-1/9
misconduct on the case’s outcome. Mitchell v. Wash. State Inst. of Pub. Policy, 153
Wn. App. 803, 825, 225 P.3d 280 (2009).
Nelson fails to present clear and convincing evidence that the defendants
committed misconduct by asserting that no one on the Board knew Nelson’s age. The
defendants contend the Board looked only at the first tab of the manpower spreadsheet,
which does not list the trainee’s birthdates. Additionally, at least one member of the
Board testified that he did not know Nelson’s age when he voted to not license Nelson.
Nelson does not present any evidence otherwise. As such, Nelson does not produce
clear and convincing evidence that the defendants made any misrepresentation to the
court.
The trial court also properly determined the defendants did not commit
misconduct when they did not produce the manpower spreadsheet in response to RFP
No. 7. The defendants timely objected to REP No. 7 and Nelson did not pursue the
manpower spreadsheet under that request. Rather, the defendants’ discovery
responses and emails with Nelson show the parties discussed the manpower
spreadsheet as being produced in response to REP No. 8. In response to REP 8, the
defendants timely objected and agreed to turn over responsive documents “upon entry
of an appropriate protective order.” Nelson agreed that the defendants could wait until
he filed a protective order to produce the manpower spreadsheet. Based on the record,
Nelson’s argument that the defendants committed misconduct in not producing the
manpower spreadsheet in response to a different REP and with no protective order on
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file is not compelling. Thus, we determine the trial court did not abuse its discretion
when it found the defendants did not commit any misconduct and refused to vacate its
summary judgment order.6
Affirmed.
~34~
WE CONCUR:
_______________ ______ II,
6 Nelson’s request for attorney fees consists of the following sentence: “Pursuant to RAP 18.1
and RCW 49.60, et seq., Capt. Nelson hereby requests an award of attorney’s fees and costs for this
appeal.” RAP 18.1 “requires more than a bald request for attorney fees on appeal. Argument and
citation to authority are required under the rule to advise the court of the appropriate grounds for an
award of attorney fees as costs.” Stiles v. Kearney, 168 Wn. App. 250, 267, 277, P.3d 9 (2012) (internal
citation omitted). Additionally, Nelson does not make any argument for fees under RCW 49.60, or even
state which section of RCW 49.60 he seeks relief under. ~ RAP 10.3 (requiring the written argument to
contain “citations to legal authority and references to relevant parts of the record”). Because Nelson fails
to provide any grounds for a fee award on appeal, we deny his request.
10