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Appellate Court Date: 2020.11.18
14:03:30 -06'00'
In re Marriage of Keller, 2020 IL App (2d) 180960
Appellate Court In re MARRIAGE OF CHRISTINA KELLER, Petitioner and
Caption Counterrespondent, and STEVEN KELLER, Respondent and
Counterpetitioner-Appellant and Cross-Appellee (Ciesla Beeler, LLC,
Appellee and Cross-Appellant).
District & No. Second District
No. 2-18-0960
Rule 23 order filed December 19, 2019
Motion to
publish allowed February 3, 2020
Opinion filed February 3, 2020
Decision Under Appeal from the Circuit Court of Lake County, No. 17-D-8; the Hon.
Review Elizabeth Rochford, Judge, presiding.
Judgment Affirmed.
Counsel on David S. Mann, of Lisle, for appellant.
Appeal
Jennifer Cunningham Beeler, of Ciesla Beeler, LLC, of Northfield, for
appellee.
Panel JUSTICE HUDSON delivered the judgment of the court, with
opinion.
Presiding Justice Birkett and Justice Zenoff concurred in the judgment
and opinion.
OPINION
¶1 I. INTRODUCTION
¶2 Respondent, Steven Keller, appeals the order of the circuit court of Lake County granting
his and petitioner’s (Christina Keller) joint motion to voluntarily dismiss petitioner’s petition
and respondent’s counterpetition for the dissolution of their marriage. In that order, the trial
court also entered judgment against respondent and in favor of Ciesla Beeler, LLC (Ciesla
Beeler), in the amount of $7500. This amount was derived from an earlier award of interim
attorney fees entered against respondent that had not yet been satisfied. Petitioner has not filed
a notice of appeal and is not part of this appeal. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.
¶3 Before proceeding further, we note that Ciesla Beeler has filed a notice of cross-appeal.
Except for a general request for “such other and further relief as may be just,” Ciesla Beeler
asks only that we affirm the trial court’s order at issue here. As such, Ciesla Beeler has
abandoned its cross-appeal. See People ex rel. Hartigan v. Knecht Services, Inc., 216 Ill. App.
3d 843, 853 (1991) (“Because plaintiff simply requests the affirmance of the trial court’s
judgment on counts V and VI of the complaint, no cross-appeal was necessary.”). Accordingly,
we dismiss the cross-appeal.
¶4 II. BACKGROUND
¶5 Petitioner initiated the present action, filing a petition for dissolution of marriage on
January 3, 2017. She retained Ciesla Beeler as counsel. David Mann filed an appearance as
respondent’s counsel on February 9, 2017. Respondent filed a counterpetition for dissolution
of marriage on March 2, 2017. Petitioner filed a petition for “interim and prospective attorneys’
fees and costs” on February 1, 2018. The trial court granted this order in part on April 30, 2018,
ruling: “[Petitioner’s] Petition for Interim [and] Prospective Fees is granted in part.
[Respondent] shall pay $7,500 for interim fees within the next 30 days to Ciesla Beeler LLC.”
Respondent did not comply with this order, and on May 29, 2018, Ciesla Beeler, listing itself
as the movant, filed a petition for contribution.
¶6 On June 1, 2018, Ciesla Beeler filed a motion to withdraw, and attorney Darren Miller
appeared for petitioner. Ciesla Beeler also filed a motion for interpleader, identifying the fees
still owed by respondent as the subject matter. On the same day, Ciesla Beeler filed a motion,
in its own name, seeking to hold respondent in civil contempt for failing to pay these fees. On
June 7, 2018, Ciesla Beeler filed a “Petition for Setting of Final Attorney’s Fees and Costs.” It
sought a judgment of $62,682.06 against petitioner. In a separate motion filed that day, Ciesla
Beeler sought a judgment of $7500 against respondent, based on the April 30, 2018, award of
fees.
¶7 On June 8, 2018, petitioner and respondent filed an “Agreed Joint Motion to Voluntarily
Dismiss.” On June 13, 2018, Ciesla Beeler filed a response, asserting, inter alia, defective
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notice and noting its pending motions and claims for fees. At the hearing on July 16, 2018, no
evidence was taken. The trial court heard argument, took the matter under advisement, and
announced its decision orally on July 19, 2018. The trial court first noted that, on April 30,
2018, respondent had been ordered to pay Ciesla Beeler $7500 within 30 days. The trial court
noted that respondent and petitioner complied with the requirements of section 2-1009 of the
Civil Practice Law (735 ILCS 5/2-1009 (West 2018)) when they moved for dismissal prior to
the start of trial and that they provided proper notice of the motion. Moreover, while the rule
provides that the court may hear a previously filed motion that would dispose of the case, no
such motion had been filed in this case. Further, section 2-1009 states that a dismissal does not
apply to pending counterclaims and third-party complaints. The trial court then acknowledged
that Ciesla Beeler had filed a motion to interplead but that leave had not yet been granted to
file such a claim and “no counterclaims and third-party petitions [were] currently of record.”
Additionally, the rule requires the payment of costs (filing and service fees). Respondent and
petitioner “have waived costs against each other,” but “Ciesla Beeler has not waived any costs
that it [had] advanced.”
¶8 The court then addressed Ciesla Beeler’s argument that it should be allowed to interplead
(after summarily rejecting another argument not advanced in this appeal) “as a matter of public
policy to preserve their right to bring a contribution hearing pursuant to the” Illinois Marriage
and Dissolution of Marriage Act (Act) (750 ILCS 5/101 et seq. (West 2018)). The court
observed that Ciesla Beeler agreed that it could not consider the parties’ motives in seeking a
voluntary dismissal. It stated that Ciesla Beeler’s arguments “do not apply here.” The trial
court then found that, because petitioner and respondent had fully satisfied the requirements of
section 2-1009, their right to dismiss was absolute. It added, “Ciesla Beeler will have to rely
on the other avenues to provide and secure payment of fees that have been earned and are now
due.” The trial court then ruled:
“Based on the foregoing, the joint motion to dismiss is granted, subject to the
payment of Ciesla Beeler for any filing and service costs actually advanced by the firm.
And the judgment against Steven Keller in favor of Ciesla Beeler in the amount of
$7,500 shall survive the dismissal.”
Subsequently, the trial court denied respondent’s motion for reconsideration. This appeal
followed.
¶9 III. ANALYSIS
¶ 10 On appeal, respondent raises three main arguments. First, he contends that the award of
fees was an interim order and that interim orders terminate in the event of a voluntary dismissal.
Second, he asserts that the judgment against him constituted an impermissible condition on his
right to voluntarily dismiss his counterpetition. Third, he asserts that Ciesla Beeler may not
argue against its client’s position, as petitioner was seeking a voluntary dismissal. Additionally,
in a short argument, respondent states that the trial court erred in denying his motion to
reconsider, essentially reiterating the points made elsewhere in his brief. Accordingly, we
reject the latter argument for the same reasons that follow and will not comment on it further.
¶ 11 The parties agree that the highly deferential abuse-of-discretion standard of review applies
to this appeal. In re D.T., 212 Ill. 2d 347, 356 (2004) (“ ‘Abuse of discretion’ is the most
deferential standard of review—next to no review at all—and is therefore traditionally reserved
for decisions made by a trial judge in overseeing his or her courtroom or in maintaining the
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progress of a trial.”). Under this standard, we will reverse only if no reasonable person could
agree with the trial court. Lawler v. MacDuff, 335 Ill. App. 3d 144, 147 (2002). The failure to
follow the law is an abuse of discretion. Cable America, Inc. v. Pace Electronics, Inc., 396 Ill.
App. 3d 15, 24 (2009).
¶ 12 Section 2-1009(a) of the Civil Practice Law (735 ILCS 5/2-1009(a) (West 2018)) provides:
“The plaintiff may, at any time before trial or hearing begins, upon notice to each party
who has appeared or each such party’s attorney, and upon payment of costs, dismiss
his or her action or any part thereof as to any defendant, without prejudice, by order
filed in the cause.”
Thus, to be entitled to a voluntary dismissal, a plaintiff must (1) move for the voluntary
dismissal prior to the beginning of trial or hearing, (2) give proper notice, and (3) pay costs.
Valdovinos v. Luna-Manalac Medical Center, Ltd., 328 Ill. App. 3d 255, 267 (2002). It is
undisputed that respondent met these elements here (respondent had filed a counterpetition for
dissolution of marriage). If these elements are met (along with a few other conditions not at
issue in this case), the right to dismiss is absolute. See id. at 269. The motive of the party
seeking the dismissal is immaterial. Id. at 268.
¶ 13 A. INTERIM ATTORNEY FEES
¶ 14 Respondent first contends that the April 30, 2018, order awarding $7500 in attorney fees
to Ciesla Beeler terminated upon voluntary dismissal because it was an interim award.
Respondent frames this issue as one of statutory construction, pointing out that the most
reliable indicator of legislative intent is the plain language of the statute. People v. Goossens,
2015 IL 118347, ¶ 9. Respondent notes that the Act states that
“ ‘interim attorney’s fees and costs’ means attorney’s fees and costs assessed from time
to time while a case is pending, in favor of the petitioning party’s current counsel, for
reasonable fees and costs either already incurred or to be incurred, and ‘interim award’
means an award of interim attorney’s fees and costs.” 750 ILCS 5/501(c-1) (West
2018).
¶ 15 He then relies on two provision of the Act (id. § 501(c-1)(2), (d)). Section 501(c-1)(2)
states that “[a]ny assessment of an interim award (including one pursuant to an agreed order)
shall be without prejudice to any final allocation and without prejudice as to any claim or right
of either party or any counsel of record at the time of the award.” Id. § 501(c-1)(2). Section
501(d) provides as follows:
“A temporary order entered under this Section:
(1) does not prejudice the rights of the parties or the child which are to be
adjudicated at subsequent hearings in the proceeding;
(2) may be revoked or modified before final judgment, on a showing by affidavit
and upon hearing; and
(3) terminates when the final judgment is entered or when the petition for
dissolution of marriage or legal separation or declaration of invalidity of marriage is
dismissed.” Id. § 501(d).
Respondent then concludes that, “clearly,” an order of interim attorney fees is a temporary
order and that temporary orders terminate pursuant to section 501(d)(3). See id. § 501(d)(3).
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¶ 16 Ciesla Beeler counters that the Act expressly authorizes a trial court to enter judgment on
an attorney fees award. Indeed, section 508(a) provides, in pertinent part:
“The court may order that the award of attorney’s fees and costs (including an interim
or contribution award) shall be paid directly to the attorney, who may enforce the order
in his or her name, or that it shall be paid to the appropriate party. Judgment may be
entered and enforcement had accordingly.” (Emphasis added.) Id. § 508(a).
Ciesla Beeler asserts that the trial court properly entered an interim award of attorney fees
pursuant to section 501(c-1) and converted that order to a judgment in accordance with its
authority under section 508(a).
¶ 17 Ciesla Beeler further points out that the trial court entered this judgment because
respondent had failed to comply with the April 30, 2018, order directing him to pay fees in the
amount of $7500 to Ciesla Beeler. The trial court stated:
“[Respondent’s] counsel has acknowledged that [respondent] did not comply with the
order of [the] court within 30 days or since. The Court notes that it was an interim
award of fees, but the Court also notes that if [respondent] had complied as he was
ordered to do, the amount he would have paid would not have been refundable to him
upon the filing and granting of a motion to dismiss. He should not derive personal
benefit from defying an order of court and then moving subsequently to dismiss the
case to escape liability.”
Initially, we note that the trial court’s rationale was eminently reasonable. At the very least, a
reasonable person could agree that respondent should not be allowed to escape liability for a
previously established obligation through such a procedural maneuver. In other words, no
abuse of discretion occurred here.
¶ 18 We further hold that this judgment did not terminate in accordance with section 501(c-
1)(2), (d)(3) (id. § 501(c-1)(2), (d)(3)), as respondent argues. Quite simply, the interim award
had been converted to a judgment prior to the dismissal of the case. That is, there was no
temporary order to expire. By its own terms, section 501(d) applies to “temporary orders”
rather than judgments. A court may not extend a statute beyond the scope of its plain language.
See Maddux v. Blagojevich, 233 Ill. 2d 508, 517 (2009) (“Yet, adding language is exactly what
the Attorney General’s construction does. The Act says nothing about retention or about the
ability to avoid permanent retirement by simply running in an open election. It provides only
that a judge is automatically retired at the end of the term in which he turns 75.”).
¶ 19 In sum, we reject respondent’s argument that section 501 compels a different result here.
¶ 20 B. IMPERMISSIBLE CONDITIONS
¶ 21 Respondent next argues that the trial court’s entry of the judgment against him “placed an
impermissible condition on [the parties’] absolute right to jointly dismiss their respective
petitions for dissolution of marriage.” We again note that petitioner is not a party to this appeal.
Moreover, the judgment was entered against only respondent, and the case was, in fact,
dismissed, so petitioner has no adverse judgment to appeal. Hence, we are concerned only with
respondent’s right to dismiss his counterpetition.
¶ 22 Respondent points out that, although a dismissal under section 2-1009 of the Civil Practice
Law may be made conditional upon the payment of costs, attorney fees do not generally fall
within the ambit of “costs.” See Bergman v. Schlundt, 163 Ill. App. 3d 1070, 1073 (1987);
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People ex rel. Morris v. Etchason, 152 Ill. App. 3d 409, 413 (1987); see also Vicencio v.
Lincoln-Way Builders, Inc., 204 Ill. 2d 295, 302 (2003) (distinguishing between court costs,
such as filing fees, and litigation expenses, like a witness’s fee for a deposition). Although we
have no quarrel with this proposition, we fail to see—and respondent does not adequately
explain—how the entry of the judgment against respondent placed a condition on the dismissal,
impermissible or otherwise. The case was, in fact, dismissed, and the entry of the judgment did
not require respondent to do anything to secure dismissal. The trial court could have, pursuant
to section 508(a) of the Act (750 ILCS 5/508(a) (West 2018)), entered the judgment regardless
of whether the case was dismissed. Respondent’s conclusory assertion that “the lower trial
court placed an impermissible condition on the [parties’] absolute right to dismiss” does not
persuade us otherwise.
¶ 23 Respondent relies on In re Marriage of Manns, 222 Ill. App. 3d 338 (1991), in support of
his position. In that case, the parties were engaged in various commercial enterprises. The
respondent sought reimbursement of $160,000, which he alleged he had paid toward the
parties’ 1989 estimated joint income tax. On June 12, 1990, the trial court granted the
respondent’s request, ordering the petitioner to pay the respondent $111,191.17 within three
days. On June 15, 1990, the petitioner moved to voluntarily dismiss the cause of action. The
trial court granted the petitioner’s motion that same day; however, it vacated its order later that
day after it learned of a defect in the notice provided to the respondent. On June 19, 1990, the
respondent filed a rule to show cause regarding the petitioner’s failure to comply with the June
12 order. On July 3, 1990, the trial court again granted the petitioner’s motion to voluntarily
dismiss. It stated, “ ‘[Petitioner’s] Motion for Dismissal cannot be allowed to interfere with the
effect of the Court’s previous Order as this would prejudice the rights of the Respondent and
allow the Petitioner to use the voluntary dismissal for the sole purpose of avoiding an
unfavorable order.’ ” Id. at 340-41. It therefore retained jurisdiction for the purpose of
enforcing the June 12 order and set a hearing regarding the respondent’s rule to show cause.
Id. at 341. The reviewing court held that the trial court had improperly imposed a condition on
the petitioner’s right to voluntarily dismiss her case by requiring her to comply with the June
12 order. Id. at 344.
¶ 24 Unlike in Manns, in this case, the trial court did not retain jurisdiction over any portion of
the case. The case was dismissed in its entirety. The trial court did not require respondent to
satisfy the judgment in order to obtain the dismissal; it simply entered the judgment and left it
to be enforced in whatever further proceedings may be necessary. Thus, Manns is plainly
distinguishable.
¶ 25 In short, the entry of the judgment against respondent did not place any condition on the
dismissal. The trial court did not abuse its discretion in entering the judgment on the interim
award of attorney fees.
¶ 26 C. CONFLICT OF INTEREST
¶ 27 Respondent finally argues that “the trial court erred in allowing Ciesla Beeler, LLC to argue
their position to collect attorney’s fees in that Ciesla Beeler, LLC [was] in conflict with their
client’s instruction and Ciesla Beeler, LLC had other remedies available to [it].” (Emphasis
omitted.) On appeal, “[a] party must assert its own legal rights and interests, rather than assert
a claim for relief based upon the rights of third parties.” Powell v. Dean Foods Co., 2012 IL
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111714, ¶ 36. This is known as standing. See id. Additionally, “one who has obtained by
judgment all that has been asked for in the trial court cannot appeal from the judgment.” Id.
¶ 28 Respondent contends that Ciesla Beeler was operating under a conflict of interest in that,
although Ciesla Beeler had represented petitioner, it nevertheless disregarded her instructions
to dismiss the case and pursued its own interest in recovering fees from respondent.
Respondent contends that Ciesla Beeler’s conflict of interest “had an ‘adverse effect’ [sic] on
the representation of its client.” Of course, “its client” was not respondent. Respondent does
not explain why he should be allowed to assert a claim that is unique to petitioner. Notably,
petitioner’s petition for dissolution was, in fact, dismissed, so she obtained the result she
desired and was in no position to appeal. See id. Moreover, the sole point of contention in this
appeal is the entry of the $7500 judgment against respondent, not petitioner. If anything, this
judgment benefitted petitioner because, if respondent were not required to pay these fees,
Ciesla Beeler would likely be looking to petitioner to satisfy them. Thus, vacating the
judgment, based on a purported error that was petitioner’s to raise or abandon, actually could
be adverse to petitioner.
¶ 29 Under these circumstances, respondent lacks standing to advance an argument that belongs
to petitioner.
¶ 30 IV. CONCLUSION
¶ 31 In light of the foregoing, the judgment of the circuit court of Lake County is affirmed.
¶ 32 Affirmed.
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