PHILIP FLUKER VS. NEW JERSEY STATE POLICE (NEW JERSEY DIVISION OF STATE POLICE)

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-3268-19

PHILIP FLUKER,

Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

NEW JERSEY STATE POLICE,

Defendant-Respondent.
___________________________

Submitted March 15, 2021 – Decided July 26, 2021

Before Judges Messano and Smith.

On appeal from the New Jersey Division of State
Police.

Frederick Coles, III, attorney for appellant.

Gurbir S. Grewal, Attorney General, attorney for
respondent (Sookie Bae, Assistant Attorney General,
of counsel; Francis A Raso, Deputy Attorney General,
on the brief).

PER CURIAM
 Petitioner, Philip Fluker appeals the denial of his motion for

reconsideration of the final agency decision by the New Jersey State Police

(NJSP). The NJSP Acting Superintendent (Superintendent) adopted the initial

decision of the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ), who, after making findings,

denied renewal of petitioner's security company ownership license and revoked

his armed security officer's certificate of registration. We affirm for the reasons

set forth below.

On November 10, 2016, petitioner, the owner of a security company, was

denied a renewal application for a permit to carry a handgun. He appealed the

denial twice, filing appeals dated December 7 and December 16, 2016, before

Judge Alfonse J. Cifelli. On January 26, 2017, petitioner withdrew both appeals.

The judge entered an order memorializing the withdrawal and barring petitioner

from carrying a "handgun under any and all circumstances," noting that

petitioner's previous permit to carry expired December 14, 2016.

On November 14, 2017, petitioner filed an application for renewal of his

armed security officer certificate. Nearly three months later, on February 6,

2018, petitioner filed a different renewal application for his security company

owner's license. In a letter dated March 6, 2018, the NJSP denied the owner's

license renewal application pursuant to N.J.S.A. 45:19A-3(b), citing false

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statements in petitioner's application as the reason. The NJSP specifically

identified petitioner's inaccurate answers to two questions in the application

questionnaire:

Question: Has any license or permit issued to you ever
been denied, suspended or revoked anywhere?

Answer: No.

Question: Have you ever been [denied] a permit to
purchase a handgun, a permit to carry a handgun, or a
Firearms Identification card in this state or any other?

Answer: No.
Simultaneously, the NJSP revoked petitioner's armed security officer certificate

of registration pursuant to N.J.S.A. 45:19A-4(e), citing his inaccurate answer in

the application to the following question:

Question: Has any license or permit been denied,
suspended or revoked anywhere?

Answer: No.

The petitioner was ordered to surrender his company certificate, his owner card,

and his armed security officer certification.

The petitioner appealed, and the matter was transferred to an ALJ. The

ALJ granted the NJSP's motion for summary decision and ordered denial of the

owner's license renewal application as well as revocation of petitioner's security

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officer's certificate on January 2, 2020. In the summary decision, the ALJ noted

that petitioner, as the opposing party, failed to submit a responding affidavit so

as to establish any genuine issue of fact.

The Superintendent adopted the ALJ's initial decision on February 10,

2020 and denied petitioner's motion for reconsideration on April 9, 2020.

Petitioner appeals, arguing the Superintendent's final decision was

arbitrary, capricious and without factual support, specifically that the NJSP did

not have written proof that petitioner's permit to carry a gun was denied. He

seeks reversal of the final decision and restoration of his license and certificate.

We use well-known principles for our review of a final agency decision.

"Appellate courts have 'a limited role' in the review of such decisions." In re

Stallworth, 208 N.J. 182, 194 (2011) (quoting Henry v. Rahway St. Prison, 81

N.J. 571 (1980)). "[W]e do not ordinarily overturn such a decision 'in the

absence of a showing that it was arbitrary, capricious or unreasonable, or that it

lacked fair support in the evidence.'" In re Carter, 191 N.J. 474, 482 (2007)

(quoting Campbell v. Dep't of Civ. Serv., 39 N.J. 556, 562 (1963)). Indeed,

the judicial role is generally restricted to three
inquiries: (1) whether the agency's action violates
express or implied legislative policies, that is, did the
agency follow the law; (2) whether the record contains
substantial evidence to support the findings on which
the agency based its action; and (3) whether in applying

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 the legislative policies to the facts, the agency clearly
erred in reaching a conclusion that could not reasonably
have been made on a showing of the relevant factors.

[Mazza v. Bd. of Trs., 143 N.J. 22, 25 (1995).]
"When an agency's decision meets those criteria, then a court owes

substantial deference to the agency's expertise and superior knowledge of a

particular field." In re Herrmann, 192 N.J. 19, 28 (2007). "[I]f substantial

evidence supports the agency's decision, 'a court may not substitute its own

judgment for the agency's even though the court might have reached a different

result.'" Carter, 191 N.J. at 483 (quoting Greenwood v. St. Police Training Ctr.,

127 N.J. 500, 513 (1992)). However, we are "in no way bound by the agency's

interpretation of a statute or its determination of a strictly legal issue." Ibid.

(quoting Mayflower Sec. Co. v. Bureau of Sec., 64 N.J. 85, 93 (1973)).

N.J.S.A. 45:19A-3 and 19A-4 govern the license renewal applications

before us.1 The supporting regulations for these statutes sanction applicants who

1
N.J.S.A. 45:19A-3 is titled, "License; application; false statement or material
omission of information; criminal convictions barring license; renewal,
revocation, or renewal; violations; civil liability; 'employee's statement'; notice
of termination." N.J.S.A. 45:19A-4 is titled, "Registration; application;
convictions barring registration; education and training; revocation, suspension,
or renewal of certificate; exception." These two statutes are part of the Security
Officer Registration Act, 45:19A-1 to 12.

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make false statements or material omissions. See N.J.A.C. 13:55A-2.2(e) and

N.J.A.C. 13:55A-3.7(a)(6).2

Petitioner asserts that the Superintendent did not have proof of the gun

permit denial, however the record belies this assertion. Petitioner filed two

appeals in December of 2016 before Judge Cifelli. He was clearly seeking relief

from an unfavorable ruling. His gun carry permit expired on December 16,

2016. Petitioner then withdrew his appeals and Judge Cifelli entered an order

which not only confirmed petitioner's withdrawal, but which emphasized that

petitioner could not carry a gun "under any circumstances." Months later, the

petitioner filed his officer's registration and owner's license applications against

the backdrop of his November 2016 gun permit denial. He answered "no" to

questions designed to determine if he had ever been denied a license or permit.

2
N.J.A.C. 13:55A-2.2(e) provides, "Any owner and operator of a security
officer company seeking to be licensed who makes a false statement in, or
knowingly omits any material information from, an application as required by
this chapter, shall be subject to criminal penalties as specified by the Security
Officer Registration Act." N.J.A.C. 13:55A-3.7(a)(6) provides, "The
Superintendent may deny any initial application for a security officer certificate
of registration, revoke or suspend any current certificate of registration, or refuse
to renew any certificate of registration" if "[t]he person holding a certificate,
applying for a certification, or applying for renewal of certification, has
knowingly made a false material statement or omitted information in an
application or any other form required by the Superintendent under these rules
. . . ."
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At best, petitioner omitted from the applications information about the status of

his license to carry which was material to the NJSP's decision-making authority

under each of the licensing statutes. At worst, petitioner's application answers

were materially false.

On this record we conclude the final agency decision was not "arbitrary,

capricious or unreasonable, or that it lacked fair support in the evidence."

Carter, 191 N.J. at 482. Any other arguments made by petitioner lack sufficient

merit to warrant discussion in a written opinion. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E).

Affirmed.

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