Warren v. Hilliard

United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
F I L E D
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS 31, 2007
July
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
Charles R. Fulbruge III
Clerk

No. 06-50009
Summary Calendar

JACQUELINE WARREN

Plaintiff-Appellant

v.

GARY L JOHNSON, ET AL

Defendants

JOHN HILLIARD

Defendant-Appellee

Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Western District of Texas
USDC No. 6:04-CV-38

Before KING, DeMOSS, and BENAVIDES, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Jacqueline Warren, Texas prisoner # 377710, appeals the dismissal for
failure to exhaust administrative remedies of her 42 U.S.C. § 1983 complaint.
See 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). Warren filed suit against Gary L. Johnson, Executive

*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion
should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited
circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
 No. 06-50009

Director of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ), and John Hilliard,
former Chaplain for TDCJ. Warren alleged assault and battery, cruel and
unusual punishment under the Texas constitution, a violation of the Eighth
Amendment of the United States Constitution, § 1983 violations, and violations
of state rules and regulations, all resulting from an alleged sexual relationship
between Hilliard and Warren. Warren sought damages, including monetary
damages of $3,000,000.00. Johnson removed the matter to federal court and was
later dismissed from the suit, with Warren’s agreement. When Hilliard failed
to file a timely answer, Warren filed a demand for default judgment. The
district court authorized Hilliard to file an out of time answer and denied the
demand for default judgment. Hilliard then moved for dismissal, arguing that
Warren had failed to exhaust administrative remedies. To the motion, Hilliard
attached Warren’s grievances from the time that the relationship allegedly
began to the time that Warren filed her § 1983 complaint, showing that Warren
had filed no grievances regarding the alleged incidents.
In a report and recommendation adopted by the district court, the
magistrate judge recommended dismissal of Warren’s complaint under
§ 1997e(a). The magistrate judge reviewed the pleadings and Warren’s
grievance history. Because that evidence showed that Warren had not filed a
grievance prior to filing her § 1983 complaint, the district court dismissed the
complaint for failure to exhaust administrative remedies.
On appeal, Warren argues that Hilliard did not meet his burden of proof
to show that there were remedies available to her and that she failed to exhaust
such remedies. Warren further asserts that Jones v. Bock, 127 S.Ct. 910 (2007),
directly impacts her case.
Because the district court considered evidence outside the pleadings,
specifically Warren’s grievance history, this court considers the matter under
FED. R. CIV. P. 56. See Washington v. Allstate Ins. Co., 901 F.2d 1281, 1283-84
(5th Cir. 1990). Under Rule 56, summary judgment is proper if the pleadings

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and the evidence show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and
the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Section 1997e(a)
requires a prisoner to exhaust available administrative remedies before she files
an action under § 1983. Because Warren did not object to the factual findings
and legal conclusions of the magistrate judge, this court reviews for plain error.
See Douglass v. United Services Automobile Association, 79 F.3d 1415, 1428-29
(5th Cir. 1996).
Hilliard’s evidence showed that, although Warren grieved several other
issues during the time of the alleged relationship, she filed no grievances
regarding the alleged incidents with Hilliard. Warren suggests, without any
specific facts or evidence, that some unidentified, past investigation of Hilliard
may have exhausted her administrative remedies. The statement alone is
insufficient to defeat summary judgment, as is Warren’s equally unsupported
assertion that the Texas prison grievance procedure is inadequate. See Little v.
Liquid Air Corp., 37 F.3d 1069, 1075 (5th Cir. 1994) (en banc) (unsubstantiated
assertions insufficient to defeat summary judgment).
Warren additionally argues on appeal that the district court erred in
denying her motion for default judgment based on Hilliard’s untimely answer.
Default judgment is a drastic remedy, not favored, and proper only in extreme
situations. Lewis v. Lynn, 236 F.3d 766, 767 (5th Cir. 2001). Warren has not
shown such an extreme situation. See id.
The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

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