dissenting.
There is no question but that something went awry in this case, and that something was that the district court did not, nor did counsel, contemplate that the jury would find one of the two plaintiffs negligent, that the one defendant was also negligent, and that the percentage of negligence attributable to each was 50 percent. The special verdict form composed by the trial court, a copy of which is attached hereto as Appendix A, asks in Question 5:
What is the total amount of damages sustained by the plaintiff Deborah Blankenship, parent of Justin Blankenship, deceased as a result of the accident?
The jury did not answer that question, and the reason why is obvious.
The only problem readily perceived is the inconsistency of the questions of the special verdict and the giving of the Instruction No. 16. Judge Magnus marked it as being given as modified. The modification consists of marking out the third paragraph, which should have been marked out. The third paragraph was a conversely stated repetition of the second paragraph, and neither were necessary in view of the first paragraph. The point I am hopeful of making is that the entire instruction is poorly drafted, and should not have been given at all, not even if Moses the Lawgiver submitted it. The court had an obligation to squelch it, and furnish the jury with a proper instruction.
In another instruction given by the court, not included on the special verdict form, the jury was instructed that if the negligence of Richard Blankenship equals or exceeds 50 percent of the negligence that proximately caused the accident, then the *237plaintiffs will not recover any damages from the defendant. The fault in giving that instruction, which as conceded by the court, happened because it was not considered that the jury might find both men equally negligent, which did happen. It is an unfortunate result, but it is also capable of being remedied. Ever since Idaho has been a state, and before that when Idaho was a territory, the available remedy was the grant of a new trial, i.e., a second trial at which there would be no mischance in instructing the jury as to performing its function. It has been ever thus. A primary function of Idaho’s two appellate courts has been the review of district court orders granting or denying new trials. The late Justice Donaldson wrote a virtual treatise on the controlling issues in reviewing district court orders denying or granting second trials. Quick v. Crane, 111 Idaho 759, 727 P.2d 1187 (1986).
It cannot be said otherwise than that two persons brought a tort action against Weidner charging him with negligence and seeking damages for the loss of Justin Blankenship. The district court so recognized and accordingly, in preparing the special verdict form, directed the jurors, in Question No. 5, as aforesaid, to set the damages sustained by Deborah Blankenship as a result of losing her five-year-old son. In the preceding identical question, No. 4, the jury was asked to likewise answer the amount of damages sustained by plaintiff Richard Blankenship. A sixth question to the jury, which in my mind was wholly surplusage, asked the jury the amount of total damages.3
The district court was correct in so instructing that the damage due Deborah would be separately computed. Deborah did lose a son as a result of negligent actions or inactions which were in no way attributable to her. Moreover, this case is not in any way affected by Rogers v. Yellowstone Park Co., 97 Idaho 14, 539 P.2d 566 (1974). On even a casual observation of that case it is immediately obvious that Betty Rogers was the only plaintiff, and that she was injured in a one-car motor vehicle accident. The opinion tells us that Betty Rogers’ complaint named Yellowstone Park Company as a defendant along with Peter Rogers, an employee of the company who was transporting Betty in a company vehicle. But Peter Rogers was not served, and hence not brought into the action. It is perceived at a glance that Peter was not truly a defendant, but only named as such because he was driving a company car on company business.4 The conclusion of a majority became the opinion for the Court, namely that the plaintiff Betty Rogers could pursue Yellowstone Park Company for damages, notwithstanding that her husband was the tortfeasor responsible for her injuries.
The larger issue with which the court wrestled was Betty Rogers’ entitlement to any damages as viewed in light of previous Idaho case law which had held that “damages for personal injuries to a spouse were community property (citing cases).” 97 Idaho at 16, 539 P.2d at 568. The Court concluded that Betty Rogers was:
[Ejntitled to recover her special damage, including established future specials, as these are actual out of pocket expenses which are a community liability. And the fact her spouse would be relieved of this financial burden is outweighed by the fact such damages are strictly compensatory in nature inuring to the benefit of the injured spouse. General damage for loss of future earnings which would be community property would be recoverable only in the fraction of one-half as the separate property of the injured spouse, and general damages for pain and suffering and emotional distress *238would be fully recoverable as the injured spouse’s separate property.
Rogers, 97 Idaho at 20, 539 P.2d at 571.
Justice MeFadden, in authoring the Court’s opinion, analogized to the decision of the Washington Supreme Court in Freehe v. Freehe, 81 Wash.2d 183, 500 P.2d 771 (1972), which innovatively fashioned a rule which compensated the injured spouse without unduly benefitting the tortfeasor spouse. Rogers, 97 Idaho at 19, 539 P.2d at 571. The formula which he borrowed from Washington, as modified, continues to be the law in Idaho. At that time however it was subjected to two dissents which harmonized on philosophical notes concerning debasement of the family as a unit. In my earlier years as a justice, debates centering on the two opinions, pro and con, were both enlightening and entertaining. Any present-day practitioner who fails to find five minutes to read Justice Shepard’s dissent is also not apt to read Dickens or Hemingway.
Where it is the death of a child of the parties which is the damage issue, rather than damages being sought by either a husband or a wife, and the negligence of the spouse is or may be a contributing proximate cause, Judge Magnus handled the circumstances as it should have been handled, speaking insofar as we consider only the husband and the wife, and only to the special verdict which required the jury to set the amount of damages (1) caused the plaintiff, Richard Blankenship, and (2) caused the other plaintiff, Deborah Blankenship. As I stated above, Deborah Blankenship is entitled to separate treatment which has aught to do with her marital spouse.
In this instance she is a bereaved mother without fault, for her son is gone forever. Moreover, unlike the older cases which precluded Rogers, Deborah did not join with Richard in bringing an action against the defendant naming themselves as husband and wife, or as a marital community. Rather, what we have here are two actions brought in one pleaded complaint. Both have causes of action; separate causes of action. Deborah’s action as filed identifies her as a parent of Justin, which is undisputed. She, of course, has the better cause of action; she cannot be charged with any contributing negligence. Whatever the jury awards her is not community property, as apparently was the theme of the older cases. Under this scenario the damages awarded to her for the loss of her child belong only to her. Soto v. Vanderventer, 56 N.M. 483, 245 P.2d 826 (1952); Flores v. Flores, 84 N.M. 601, 506 P.2d 345 (Ct.App. 1973). In the age we now live in, even compared to seventeen years ago, society has changed to the extent that Idaho can now be as realistic as other states were fifty years ago and up to eighty-eight years ago.
APPENDIX A
Special Verdict
We, the jury, answer the questions submitted to us in the special verdict as follows:
QUESTION NO. 1. Was there negligence on the part of the defendant, David Weidner, Jr., which was a proximate cause of the accident?
ANSWER: Yes x No_
If you answered the above question “Yes,” then please answer Question No. 2. If you answered the above question “No,” you will not answer the remaining questions, but will simply sign the verdict.
QUESTION NO. 2. Was there negligence on the part of the Plaintiff Richard Blankenship, which was a proximate cause of the accident?
ANSWER: Yes x No_
If you answered “No” to Question No. 2, then you will not answer Question No. 3, but will next answer Question No. 4.
If you answered “Yes” to Question No. 2, then answer Question No. 3.
You are now to compare the negligence of the parties. Insert in thé answer to Question No. 3 the percentage of negligence you find attributable to each party. Your percentage must total 100%.
*239QUESTION NO. 3. We find that the parties contributed to the cause of the accident in the following percentages:
(a) The plaintiff Richard Blankenship 50%
(b) The defendant David Weidner 50%
Total 100%
The verdict form itself guides you from this point.
It says:
QUESTION NO. 4. What is the total amount of damages sustained by the plaintiff Richard Blankenship, parent of Justin Blankenship, deceased, as a result of the accident?
ANSWER: $_
QUESTION NO. 5. What is the total amount of damages sustained by the plaintiff Deborah Blankenship, parent of Justin Blankenship, deceased, as a result of the accident?
ANSWER: $_
You should include in your answer to Questions Nos. 4 and 5 the total amount of all monetary damages which you find from the evidence was sustained by plaintiffs.
QUESTION NO. 6. What is the total damages?
ANSWER: $__This figure is the sum of adding Question No. 4 and Question No. 5 above.
Finally, you should sign the verdict form as explained in another instruction.
R. 126-27.
. Had the jury returned a damage amount verdict for both Deborah and Richard, the total was readily calculable. The question could have only confused the jury.
. The Court’s opinion in footnote 1 observed that I.C. § 49-1404(3) required that the operator, here Peter Rogers, "shall be made a party if personal service can be made in Idaho.” That apparently was not made an issue and was forgotten. He may have fled from this jurisdiction.