IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
FILED
March 5, 2008
No. 07-50844
Conference Calendar Charles R. Fulbruge III
Clerk
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Plaintiff-Appellee
v.
JUAN FRANCISCO MIRANDA-MARTINEZ, also known as Alfredo Contreras,
also known as Juan Miranda, also known as Juan Francisco Miranda, also
known as Alfredo Sanchez-Martinez
Defendant-Appellant
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Western District of Texas
USDC No. 5:06-CR-545-ALL
Before KING, STEWART, and PRADO, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Appealing the Judgment in a Criminal Case, Juan Francisco Miranda-
Martinez raises arguments that are foreclosed by Almendarez-Torres v. United
States, 523 U.S. 224, 235 (1998), which held that 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2) is a
penalty provision and not a separate criminal offense. United States v. Pineda-
Arrellano, 492 F.3d 624, 625 (5th Cir. 2007), cert. denied, 128 S. Ct. 872 (2008).
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion
should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited
circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
No. 07-50844
The Government’s motion for summary affirmance is GRANTED, and the
judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
2