State v. Parks

NOT FOR PUBLICATION I'N WEST’S HAWAI‘I REPOR'I`S ANI) I’ACIFIC REP()RTER No. 292i1 in THE 1NTsRMsD:ATE coURT oz APPEALs §§ ~"~R> `"“*'1 oF THE sTATs oF HAwAr: §§ éi`;:~? sTATE oF HAwAr1; Piainciff~Appeiiee, v. ag ALiKA PARKs, Defendant-Appe11ant §§ z ,r~ ,q co APPEAL FROM THE FAMlLY COURT OF THE FIFTH CIRCUIT (FC~CR. NO. 07-1-OO70) SUMMARY DlSPOSITION ORDER Nakamura, C.J., Fujise and Leonard, JJ.) (Parks) appeals from (By: Defendant-Appellant Alika Parks the Order of Resentencing and Revocation of Deferred Acceptance of No Contest Plea entered June l2, 2008, by the Family Court of the Fifth Circuit (family court).1 On May 2l, 2007, Parks was charged by petition with one count of Abuse of a Family and Household Member, Hawaii Revised Statutes (HRS) § 709~906 (Supp. 2009), a petty misdemeanor, in violation of HRS in violation of and one count of Harassment, (Supp. 2007). The abuse charge was dismissed, Upon a motion by Parks, § 7ll~llO6 and Parks pleaded no contest to the harassment charge. the family court2 granted a deferred acceptance of a no contest plea The family court deferred proceedings until April 30, that Parks submit to a (DANCP). 2008, upon the condition, among others, substance abuse evaluation. On April l6, 2008, Revocation or Modification of Probation and for Issuance of a Attached to the motion the State filed a "Motion for Bench Warrant" (motion for revocation). was the affidavit of Parks's probation officer, who stated that 1 Per diem District Court Judge Joseph N. Kobayashi presided. 2 The Honorable Calvin K. Murashige ordered the abuse charge dismissed and granted Parks‘s motion for a DANCP. ;` *'*§~'=§§ 5 i.é,..:§ N()T FOR PUBLICATION IN WEST'S H.AWAI‘I REPORTS ANI) PACIFIC REPORTER she had been notified by a substance abuse treatment facility that Parks did not appear for a scheduled evaluation. The State began the May 20, 2008 hearing on the motion for revocation by noting that the motion for revocation "should have been a motion to set aside deferred acceptance of no contest plea.“ The State then, without objection, withdrew the motion for revocation and filed in open court its "Motion to Set Aside Deferred Acceptance of No Contest Plea and For Issuance of a Bench Warrant" (motion to set aside). The family court set aside the DANCP and sentenced Parks to a one-year term of probation and a suspended jail sentence. Parks's sole argument on appeal is that the family court lacked jurisdiction to grant the State‘s motion to set aside because it was filed after the deferral period ended. Upon careful review of the record and the briefs submitted by the parties and having given due consideration to the arguments advanced and the issues raised by the parties, as well as the relevant statutory and case law, we conclude that the family court had jurisdiction to rule on the State‘s motion. where the defendant has entered a plea of nolo contendere to a petty misdemeanor, the court may defer proceedings for no more than one year. §§e HRS § 853-l(b) (l993r and Supp. 2009) The trial court retains jurisdiction over a motion to set aside the deferred acceptance of a plea so long as the motion is filed before the deferral period ends. §ee §tate v. Kaufman, 92 Hawafi 322, 328, 991 P.2d 832, 838 (2000) (citing HRS § 853-l(c) (1976 and Supp. 1984)). A motion to set aside the deferral will toll the deferral period until the motion is heard and aecided. see id. at 323-30, 991 P.2d at 333-40. Here, during the deferral period, the State filed a motion to set aside a DANCP mistakenly labeled as a motion for revocation. The issue is whether the mis-titled motion could serve to toll the deferral period, Admittedly, there is a notable difference between probation and deferred acceptance of guilty plea (DAGP)/DANCPs. 2 N()T FOR PUBLICATION lN WEST'S HAWAI‘I REPOR'I`S AND PACIFIC REPORTER State v. Putnam, 93 HawaFi 362, 367-68, 3 P.3d 1239, i244»45 (2000) ("There is no ‘conviction' when the acceptance of a guilty plea is deferred. . . . On the other hand, probation is a disposition that follows only after a conviction.") Nevertheless, a motion to revoke probation and a motion to set aside a DAGP/DANCP have the same basis: that the defendant violated the court-ordered terms of his sentence. Compare HRS § 706~625(3) (Supp. 2009) with HRS § 853~3 (1993). it is clear from the transcript that the prosecution intended that the motion to set aside substitute for the motion for revocation. The essence of the two motions -- that Parks failed to comply with the terms of his sentence ~- was identical, as were the documents filed in support of the motions. To view the motion to revoke probation as something other than a motion to set aside the DANCP would be "raising form over substance." State v. POOhina, 97 HawaiT_505, 509, 40 P.3d 907, 911 (2002). Indeed, the affidavit attached to both motions was entitled "Affidavit for Motion [to] Set Aside Deferred Acceptance of Guilty or Nolo Contendere Plea." As a matter of due process, the defendant must be notified of a motion to revoke probation or to set aside a DAGP or DANCP so that he may contest it. 'State v. Shannon, 118 Hawai‘i 15, 31, 135 P.3d 200, 216 <2003>. Air;h@ugh d inappropriately titled, the April 16 motion sufficiently apprised Parks that the basis for setting aside his DANCP was his absence at a scheduled substance abuse evaluation. The mislabeling of the motion did not infringe on Parks's ability to contest this allegation. Parks relies on Shannon for the proposition that a motion to set aside, which is defective because it is made orally, will not toll the deferral period. Shannon is inapplicable here. 1n contrast to Shannon, the record indicates Parks had ample notice in writing of the terms of his plea agreement and his alleged violation. §ee Shannon, 118 Hawafi at l8, 185 P.3d at 203. NOT F()‘R PU'BLICATI()N IN WEST'S HAWAl‘l REI’ORTS AND PACIFIC REPOR'I`ER The motion for revocation was entered before the deferral period expired and tolled the deferral period until the date the court heard the motion to set aside. As such, the family court retained jurisdiction over the motion to set aside, Therefore, lT IS HEREBY ORDERED that June 12, 2008 Order of Resentencing and Revocation of Deferred Acceptance of No Contest Plea entered by the Family Court of the Fifth Circuit is affirmed. DATED: Honolulu, HawaFi, February 23, 20lO. On the briefs: Donovan O. Odo Deputy Public Defender, 63 (