Reynolds v. ATLANTIC COAST LINE R. CO.

Taylor, Justice.

This appeal is from an order refusing a motion by appellants for an order changing the place of trial of the above-named case from Darlington County, in which it was com*19menced, to Florence County, on the ground that the convenience of witnesses and the ends of justice would be promoted thereby.

Respondent alleges that he was employed in 1904 by Appellant, Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company, as a conductor, and worked for said company continuously until July 6, 1938, when he became ill; that, after recovering from his illness, he reported for duty in November, 1938; that appellant, R. B. Hare, in the course of his employment as Superintendent of the Columbia District, wrongfully, unlawfully, and in disregard of respondent’s contract, denied him employment as conductor; that although he has continued, since said date, to tender his services, the appellant, Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company, by its agents and servants, has repeatedly and continuously refused such services; all of which he alleges is in violation of the terms of contract between the appellant railroad and the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen.

The appellant, Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company, is a corporation of the State of Virginia, having offices and agents in Darlington County. The offices of its Columbia Division, upon which respondent was employed, are located in the City of Florence, County of Florence. The appellants, R. B. Hare, former superintendent of the Columbia Division, and T. E. Gilhooley, who succeeded him upon his retirement, are residents of Florence County. The respondent is a resident of Sumter County. He, of course, has the right to sue appellants in Darlington County, but his right to have the action tried in that county is subject to the right of the appellants to have the place of trial changed to another county, if both the convenience of witnesses and the ends of justice will be promoted thereby. See McCarty v. Bolick et al., S. C., 1950, 58 S. E. (2d) 338.

There are no factual matters in dispute upon the propriety of transferring the action to Florence County for trial. The affidavits filed on behalf of appellants are to the effect that *20the individual appellants are residents of Florence County; that appellants will have several medical witnesses upon the trial of the case, who reside in Rocky Mount and Wilmington, North Carolina, and Richmond, Virginia, whose testimony will be vital to the issues involved; that the appellant railroad provides regular, frequent and fast passenger transportation by rail, in both directions, between Richmond, Virginia, Rocky Mount, North Carolina, and Florence, South Carolina, all of said points being on the main line of said railroad; that it will be much more convenient, comfortable and safe for said witnesses to travel from their homes to Florence by rail than by motor vehicle; and that it will be more economical as they will be furnished free rail transportation for that purpose. It further appears from affidavits filed on behalf of appellants that there are no rail connections for passenger travel between the points mentioned and Darlington, S. C.; that there are no records as to respondent’s physical condition or employment, nor witnesses to any material fact, in Darlington County; that appellants may have several lay witnesses who reside in Florence County; and that the distance from Florence to Darlington, S. C., according to official maps, is ten miles.

The respondent filed only one affidavit to the effect that highway mileages from Richmond, Virginia, and Rocky Mount, North Carolina, to Darlington and Florence are comparable. No showing whatever was made by respondent relating to the ends of justice.

The tests to be applied in determining this appeal are stated in the leading case of Patterson v. Charleston & W. C. Ry. Co., 190 S. C. 66, 1 S. E. (2d) 920, 923, as follows: “The burden in the first instance'was upon the appellant to make a prima jacie showing, not only that the convenience of witnesses would be served, — but also that the ends of justice would be promoted by the change * * * Having done so, the burden shifted to the respondents to *21show that at least one of these requirements had not been sufficiently satisfied.”

Taking up these tests in the order mentioned, it seems clearly and unmistakably apparent that the convenience of witnesses will be promoted by changing the place of trial to Florence County. The fact that the witnesses for the appellants are all employees of the appellant railroad does not militate against the fact that they can more conveniently attend a trial of this case at Florence. Nor does the fact that the distance by highway from the places of their residences to Darlington and Florence are comparable indicate that it would be as convenient for them to attend at Darlington as at Florence, especially when the uncontradicted showing is that they would travel by train, that train schedules to Florence are regular, frequent, fast, convenient, comfortable and safe, and that there is no passenger train service to Darlington. Nor does the fact that the distance from Florence to Darlington is only ten miles militate against the conclusion that their convenience would be promoted by holding the trial in Florence. It is not a question of how much their convenience would be promoted thereby, but whether it would be so promoted. There is no witness or party residing in Darlington County, whose convenience, according to this record, would be promoted by a trial of the case at Darlington, or who would be inconvenienced by its trial at Florence. The showing made by appellants that the convenience of witnesses will be promoted by a trial of this case at Florence is amply sufficient, and there is no showing on the part of respondent to the contrary.

The next question is whether there was a showing on the part of appellants that the ends of justice would be promoted by a change of the place of trial. It was said in the case of Utsey v. Charleston, S. & N. R. Co., 38 S. C. 399, 17 S. E. 141, 143, that the object of our jury system in requiring jurors from the vicinage to pass upon the testimony produced upon the trial of the case “is the *22promotion of the ends of justice.” The appellants, R. B. Hare and T. E. Gilhooley, are residents of the City and County of Florence. We are warranted in assuming, in the light of the allegations of the complaint, that they will be witnesses on their own behalf, and on behalf of the Railroad Company. The respondent is a resident of Sumter County. Appellants may have several lay witnesses who reside in Florence County, in addition to the witnesses from without the State. The headquarters of the Columbia District, where its records are kept, are in Florence. There are no witnesses or parties in Darlington County. The respondent makes no showing whatever indicating a reason why the case should be tried in Darlington County. A prima facie showing has been made by the appellants that the ends of justice would be promoted by the change.

We are not unmindful of the fact that motions of this character are addressed to the sound judicial discretion of the Circuit Judge, and that this decision will not be disturbed unless it appears that “manifest legal error” was committed. But where, as in this case, the facts are not in dispute, and it clearly appears that both the convenience of witnesses and the ends of justice would be promoted by changing the place of trial to Florence County, it becomes the duty of this Court to reverse the lower court and order that the place of trial be changed from Darling-ton to Florence County; and it is so ordered.

Fistiburne and Stukes., JJ., concur. OxnER, J., dissents. Baker, C. J., disqualified.