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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
MUSTAFA ALI IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellant
v.
ANDREW AMOROSO AND PATRICK
MCGINTY
Appellees No. 1127 EDA 2016
Appeal from the Order Entered March 21, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County
Civil Division at No: 2013-01865
BEFORE: STABILE, MOULTON, and MUSMANNO, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY STABILE, J.: FILED MARCH 23, 2017
Appellant, Mustafa Ali, appeals pro se from the March 21, 2016 order
entered in the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County, granting summary
judgment in favor of Appellees, Andrew Amoroso and Patrick McGinty.
Appellant argues the trial court erred in granting summary judgment
because the trial court concluded Appellant’s claims were time-barred;
because Appellees failed to complete discovery in violation of the trial court’s
order; because there were material issue of fact in dispute; and because
Appellees lacked probable cause to arrest Appellant. We disagree and,
therefore, affirm.
In its opinion accompanying the March 21, 2016 order, the trial court
explained:
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This case involves a malicious prosecution claim for a bad checks
charge initiated in 2007 against [Appellant] which was eventually
nolle prossed by the Commonwealth in 2011. The stated reason
for the nolle pros was judicial economy, as [Appellant] had been
charged with and convicted of first-degree murder in
Philadelphia and sentenced to life in prison in 2010, i.e.[,] before
the bad checks charge could be resolved. [Appellees], two
Middletown Township police officers who filed the underlying bad
checks charges, now move for summary judgment on two
grounds. First, they claim [Appellant’s] claim is barred by the
statute of limitations; second they assert [Appellant] has failed
to establish the requisite elements of a malicious prosecution
claim.
Trial Court Opinion, 3/21/16, at 1-2 (unnumbered).
The trial court granted summary judgment, finding that although
Appellant filed his complaint within two years of the time the bad checks
charge was nolle prossed, he failed to make any good faith effort to serve
the complaint until 19 months after it was filed. Therefore, Appellant failed
to toll the statute of limitations. The trial court also determined Appellant
failed to produce any evidence to support his claim that Appellees initiated
the proceedings without probable cause.
Appellant timely appealed the March 21, 2016 summary judgment
order. Both Appellant and the trial court complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.
Appellant asks us to consider four issues, which we have reordered for
ease of discussion:
1. Did not the judge err in ruling that [Appellant’s] claim was
time barred by the statute of limitations?
2. Did not the judge err in granting [Appellees’] summary
judgment motion although [Appellees] failed to complete
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discovery in compliance with the judge’s order compelling
discovery?
3. Did not the judge err in granting [Appellees’] summary
judgment motion although there were material issues of fact
in dispute?
4. Did not the judge err in ruling that there was probable cause
to arrest although [Appellee] Amoroso’s own testimony
showed there was no probable cause, in addition to the
numerous exhibits and pleading submitted by [Appellant]?
Appellant’s Brief at 3.
We begin by setting forth our scope and standard of review. As this
Court has recognized:
In reviewing an order granting summary judgment, our scope of
review is plenary, and our standard of review is the same as that
applied by the trial court. Our Supreme Court has stated the
applicable standard of review as follows: [A]n appellate court
may reverse the entry of a summary judgment only where it
finds that the lower court erred in concluding that the matter
presented no genuine issue as to any material fact and that it is
clear that the moving party was entitled to a judgment as a
matter of law. In making this assessment, we view the record in
the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, and all doubts
as to the existence of a genuine issue of material fact must be
resolved against the moving party. As our inquiry involves
solely questions of law, our review is de novo.
Thus, our responsibility as an appellate court is to determine
whether the record either establishes that the material facts are
undisputed or contains insufficient evidence of facts to make out
a prima facie cause of action, such that there is no issue to be
decided by the fact-finder. If there is evidence that would allow
a fact-finder to render a verdict in favor of the non-moving
party, then summary judgment should be denied.
Harris v. NGK North American, Inc., 19 A.3d 1053, 1063 (Pa. Super.
2011) (quoting Jones v. Levin, 940 A.2d 451, 453-54 (Pa. Super. 2007)).
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In his first issue, Appellant contends the trial court erroneously
determined that Appellant’s malicious prosecution action was barred by the
statute of limitations. As the trial court noted, the parties stipulated to
controlling dates during oral argument on Appellees’ motion. Trial Court
Rule 1925(a) Opinion, 5/20/16, at 6. Specifically, Appellant acknowledged
that the underlying bad check charge was nolle prossed in May 2011 and
that he filed his complaint on March 14, 2013, within the applicable two-year
limitations period. Id. However, the “fil[ing of a] complaint within the
time permitted by the applicable statute of limitations . . . is not the only
requirement for correctly commencing a lawsuit. Service of process must
also be properly effectuated.” Cahill v. Schults, 643 A.2d 121, 123 (Pa.
Super. 1994). The law in Pennsylvania, as established by Lamp v.
Heyman, 366 A.2d 882 (Pa. 1976), and its progeny, requires that a plaintiff
“refrain[] from a course of conduct which serves to stall in its tracks the
legal machinery he has just set in motion.” Id. at 889.
In Englert v. Fazio Mechanical Services, Inc., 932 A.2d 122 (Pa.
Super. 2007), this Court stated:
It is well settled in this Commonwealth pursuant to Lamp v.
Heyman, 469 Pa. 465, 366 A.2d 882 (1976), and Farinacci v.
Beaver County Industrial Development Authority, 510 Pa.
589, 511 A.2d 757 (1986), that service of original process
completes the progression of events by which an action is
commenced. Once an action is commenced by writ of summons
or complaint the statute of limitations is tolled only if the plaintiff
then makes a good faith effort to effectuate service. Moses v.
T.N.T. Red Star Express, 725 A.2d 792 (Pa. Super. 1999),
appeal denied, 559 Pa. 692, 739 A.2d 1058 (1999). “What
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constitutes a ‘good faith’ effort to serve legal process is a matter
to be assessed on a case by case basis.” Id. at 796; Devine v.
Hutt, 863 A.2d 1160, 1168 (Pa. Super. 2004) (citations
omitted). “[W]here noncompliance with Lamp is alleged, the
court must determine in its sound discretion whether a good-
faith effort to effectuate notice was made.” Farinacci at 594,
511 A.2d at 759.
In making such a determination, we have explained:
It is not necessary [that] the plaintiff’s conduct be such
that it constitutes some bad faith act or overt attempt to
delay before the rule of Lamp will apply. Simple neglect
and mistake to fulfill the responsibility to see that
requirements for service are carried out may be sufficient
to bring the rule in Lamp to bear. Thus, conduct that is
unintentional that works to delay the defendant’s notice of
the action may constitute a lack of good faith on the part
of the plaintiff.
Devine, supra at 1168 (quoting Rosenberg v. Nicholson, 408
Pa. Super. 502, 597 A.2d 145, 148 (1991), appeal denied, 530
Pa. 633, 606 A.2d 903 (1992)). “[A]lthough there is no
mechanical approach to be applied in determining what
constitutes a good faith effort, it is the plaintiff’s burden to
demonstrate that his efforts were reasonable.” Bigansky v.
Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 442 Pa. Super. 69,
658 A.2d 423, 433 (1995), appeal denied, 542 Pa. 655, 668
A.2d 1119 (1995).
Id. at 124-25.
Here, the docket reflects that Appellant reinstated his complaint for
the first time on September 9, 2014, a year and a half after it was initially
filed, and that the complaint was first received in the sheriff’s office for
service on September 24, 2014. There is no suggestion that Appellant took
any steps to effect service of his complaint from the time it was filed in
March 2013 until he reinstated the complaint and instructed the sheriff to
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serve it in September 2014. Trial Court Rule 1925(a) Opinion, 5/20/16, at
6.1 As the trial court observed:
There is nothing on the docket to suggest that the Sheriff had
any difficulty serving the Complaint when requested to do so.
Because of [Appellant’s] inaction (failure to request the Sheriff to
serve the initial Complaint), and failure to make a good faith
effort to promptly serve [Appellees] when the action was initially
filed, the Statute of Limitations was not tolled until a new
complaint was reinstated on September 9, 2014, after the
Statute of Limitations had run.
Id. at 8.2
We find no error in the trial court’s determination that Appellant’s
action was time-barred. As such, we find no error in the trial court’s
conclusion that Appellees were entitled to summary judgment. Appellant’s
first issue fails for lack of merit.
In his remaining three issues, Appellant contends the trial court erred
in granting summary judgment despite Appellees’ failure to complete
discovery in compliance with the trial court’s order, despite the existence of
material issues of fact, and despite the lack of probable cause to arrest
Appellant. In light of our disposition of Appellant’s first issue, the remaining
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1
Appellant admitted that his complaint was not served on Appellees until
October 2, 2014. Trial Court Rule 1925(a) Opinion, 5/20/16, at 6.
2
We note in passing that Appellees properly raised the statute of limitations
as an affirmative defense in the new matter filed to Appellant’s complaint.
Appellees’ Answer and New Matter, 10/21/14, at 5 (New Matter at ¶ 1).
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issues are rendered moot. Even if not moot, Appellant has failed to prove
that the trial court committed any error.
With respect to Appellant’s contention that Appellees failed to
complete discovery, Appellant either failed to read or failed to understand
the trial court’s December 10, 2015 order issued in response to Appellant’s
Motion to Compel Discovery. That order directed Appellees to complete
discovery within 30 days or request a hearing in objection to the order
within ten days. As the docket reflects, Appellees did file a timely request
for a hearing. Ultimately, a hearing was held on March 10, 2016 during
which the trial court heard argument on, inter alia, Appellees’ motion for
summary judgment. Therefore, there is no merit to Appellant’s contention
that Appellees failed to comply with the trial court’s order regarding
discovery.
Appellant also argues that the trial court erred in granting summary
judgment even though there were material issues of fact in dispute.
Specifically, Appellant contends that “the conflicting evidence and the
conflicting arguments based on that evidence clearly show that there are
material issues of fact in dispute, and examining the record in the light most
favorable to the Appellant, the nonmoving party, questions remain.”
Appellant’s Brief at 11 (emphasis in original).
As the trial court explained, Appellant “has failed to adduce sufficient
evidence on an issue essential to his case and on which he bears the burden
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of proof.” Trial Court Rule 1925(a) Opinion, 5/20/16, at 10. More precisely,
Appellant “failed to produce and/or point to any evidence in the record to
support his claim that [Appellees] instituted the underlying proceedings
without probable cause.” Id. We agree. There is no merit to this claim.
Finally, Appellant asserts that the trial court erred in concluding there
was probable cause to arrest in spite of Appellee Amoroso’s testimony. We
disagree. The trial court indicated that the following facts were undisputed:
1. In May 2007, [Appellant] provided Davis Acura with a check
which did not clear; (acknowledged by [Appellant] during oral
argument)
2. The check was returned for insufficient funds; (acknowledged
by [Appellant] during oral argument)
3. In 2007, [the dealership’s finance manager] contacted the
Middletown Township Police Department and told [Appellees]
that [Appellant] presented Davis Acura with a bad check and
failed to cover it in a timely fashion;
4. [Appellees] provided that information in an Affidavit of
Probable Cause, which was approved by Magisterial District
Judge John Kelly Jr.;
5. [The dealership] filed suit against [Appellant] to pursue a
claim for money due;
6. [Appellant] failed to produce any evidence which suggests
that [Appellees] did anything but act reasonably in response
to allegations made to the police officers, by an employee of
Davis Acura[.]
Id. at 10-11. Further, “[d]uring oral argument, [Appellant] conceded that
he had obtained no verified statements from anyone to establish any fact
which would support and/or suggest that [Appellees] acted maliciously in
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this matter.” Id. at 11 (citing Chizmar v. Borough of Trafford, 454
F.App’x. 100, 106 (3d Cir. 2011) (holding that a failure to show a lack of
probable cause “also precludes a finding of malice”)).
Appellant has failed to demonstrate the trial court erred in granting
Appellees’ motion for summary judgment. Therefore, we affirm the trial
court’s March 21, 2016 order.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 3/23/2017
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