NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court."
Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the
parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R.1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-0247-14T4
WELLS FARGO BANK, N.A.,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
ANNA MARIE FORTE and
RICHARD FORTE,
Defendant-Appellant.
_______________________________
Submitted April 5, 2017 – Decided May 17, 2017
Before Judges Alvarez and Manahan.
On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey,
Chancery Division, Burlington County, Docket
No. F-031426-13.
David J. Khawam, attorney for appellant.
Reed Smith, LLP, attorney for respondent
(Henry F. Reichner, on the brief).
PER CURIAM
Defendants Anna Marie Forte and Richard Forte appeal from a
January 31, 2014 order granting summary judgment to plaintiff
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (Wells Fargo) and an August 1, 2014 final
judgment foreclosing their interest in certain residential real
estate. We affirm both orders.
The foreclosure complaint filed by Wells Fargo averred that
in August 2007, defendants executed a $1,060,000 note to World
Savings Bank, FSB (World Savings). At the same time, defendants
executed a mortgage to World Savings on a residential property in
Medford, Burlington County. The mortgage was recorded. Defendants
acknowledged execution of these documents in their brief in this
appeal.
In December 2007, World Savings merged with, and changed its
name to, Wachovia Mortgage, FSB (Wachovia). In November 2009,
Wachovia merged with Wells Fargo. As a result, Wells Fargo became
the holder of the note and mortgage.
In August 2007, a class action lawsuit was filed against
Wachovia in the United States District Court for the Northern
District of California, alleging that various aspects of the "Pick-
a-Payment" loan product violated state and federal laws. Wachovia
settled the class action lawsuit in December 2010, providing
monetary and non-monetary relief to different classes of borrowers
(the settlement). In Re Wachovia Corp. "Pick-a-Payment" Mortg.
Mktg. and Sales Practices Litig., No. M:09-CV-2015 (N.D. Cal. Dec.
10, 2010).
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Defendants were members of Settlement Class B. In May 2011,
the final settlement was approved. As part of the settlement,
defendants received and deposited a check in the amount of $178.04.
Members of Settlement Class B were mailed a settlement notice (the
notice) advising them of their rights and options in the
settlement. The notice stated that "[a]s a member of Settlement
Class B, you may be eligible to participate in the loan
modification program" and that "[y]ou are also eligible to receive
a payment from the [s]ettlement [f]und after the [c]ourt grants
final approval to the [s]ettlement[.]" The notice clearly stated
that "[u]nless you exclude yourself from the [s]ettlement, you
can't sue [Wachovia], continue to sue, or be part of any other
lawsuit . . . about the legal issues in this case."
On November 19, 2012, the Northern District of California
issued an order in the class-action settlement, expressly retained
continuing jurisdiction to interpret and enforce the settlement.
In Re Wachovia Corp. "Pick-a-Payment" Mortg. Mktg. and Sales
Practices Litig., No. 5:09-MD-02015-JF (N.D. Cal. Nov. 19, 2010).
Defendants defaulted on the note in March 2012. In July
2013, Wells Fargo sent defendants two Notices of Intent to
Foreclose (NOI) advising them of the default and of their right
to cure.
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Wells Fargo filed a foreclosure complaint on September 3,
2013, and defendants filed a contesting answer on September 23,
2013. An order was entered on October 8, 2013, directing document
production and responses to interrogatories.
On December 13, 2013, Wells Fargo filed a motion to uphold
the settlement and for summary judgment, or in the alternative,
to dismiss for failure to provide discovery. Oral argument was
held before Judge Karen Suter on January 31, 2014.
The judge entered an order, accompanied by a statement of
reasons, granting summary judgment in favor of Wells Fargo and
upholding the settlement. The judge also granted Wells Fargo's
motion to dismiss for failure to provide discovery and dismissed
defendants' affirmative defenses and counterclaims. The matter
proceeded as uncontested with the Office of Foreclosure and final
judgment of foreclosure was entered on August 1, 2014. This appeal
followed.
Defendants raise the following points on appeal:
POINT I
THE MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT SHOULD NOT
HAVE BEEN GRANTED IN FAVOR OF PLAINTIFF
BECAUSE THE MORTGAGE LOAN AT ISSUE IS VOID AND
UNENFORCEABLE.
POINT II
THE MOTION TO UPHOLD SETTLEMENT SHOULD NOT
HAVE BEEN GRANTED BECAUSE THE CLASS ACTION
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SETTLEMENT DOES NOT PRECLUDE
APPELLANTS/DEFENDANTS' DEFENSES IN THIS CASE.
POINT III
THE MOTION TO DISMISS FOR FAILURE TO PROVIDE
DISCOVERY SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN GRANTED BECAUSE
DEFENDANTS/APPELLANTS DID PROVIDE DISCOVERY
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CASE MANAGEMENT ORDER
DEADLINES.
In reviewing a grant of summary judgment, we apply the same
standard under Rule 4:46-2(c) that governed the trial court.
Wilson ex rel. Manzano v. City of Jersey City, 209 N.J. 558, 564
(2012). We must "consider whether the competent evidential
materials presented, when viewed in the light most favorable to
the non-moving party, are sufficient to permit a rational
factfinder to resolve the alleged disputed issue in favor of the
non-moving party." Brill v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 142
N.J. 520, 540 (1995). We give no deference to the motion judge's
conclusions on issues of law, which are reviewed de novo.
Manalapan Realty, L.P. v. Twp. Comm. of Manalapan, 140 N.J. 366,
378 (1995).
Applying this standard, the record amply supports the summary
judgment order. The judge concluded the Northern District of
California class-action settlement was entitled full faith and
credit in New Jersey and defendants' acceptance of the settlement
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payment in the class action precluded their claims against Wells
Fargo in the instant foreclosure matter.
We are satisfied that the judge's factual findings concerning
all of defendants' contentions are fully supported by the record
and, in light of those facts, her legal conclusions are
unassailable. We therefore affirm the summary judgment
substantially for the reasons expressed in the judge's
comprehensive written opinion. We add only the following.
Article IV, section 1 of the United States Constitution
states: "Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the
public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other
State." See also 28 U.S.C.A. § 1738 (providing that the judicial
proceedings of the states are to be given full faith and credit
in federal court). Our Supreme Court has noted that "the
constitutional full faith and credit clause [and] the
corresponding federal statute" do not "compel state courts to give
preclusive effect to judgments of the federal courts." Watkins
v. Resorts Int'l Hotel & Casino, 124 N.J. 398, 407 (1991).
However, "[t]he rule that state courts must accord preclusive
effect to prior federal court judgments is so settled that it is
accepted as axiomatic" because "[t]hat respect is essential to the
fair and efficient functioning of our federalist system of
justice." Id. at 406 (citations omitted).
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For a New Jersey court to give full faith and credit to a
class action judgment of another court, "class members in that
action must have been afforded 'the minimum procedural
requirements'" of due process. Simmermon v. Dryvit Sys., Inc.,
196 N.J. 316, 330 (2008) (quoting Kremer v. Chem. Constr. Corp.,
456 U.S. 461, 481, 102 S. Ct. 1883, 1897-98, 72 L. Ed. 2d 262, 280
(1982)). These minimum procedural requirements are:
notice plus an opportunity to be
heard and participate in the
litigation. The notice must be the
best practicable, reasonably
calculated, under all the
circumstances to apprise [class
members] of the pendency of the
action and afford them an
opportunity to present their
objections. The notice should also
describe the class members' rights
in the action and provide them an
opportunity to remove [themselves]
from the class by executing and
returning an opt out or request for
exclusion form to the court.
[Ibid. (alterations in original)
(citations and internal quotation
marks omitted).]
We only review whether the class action settlement provided
"adequate safeguards to ensure that the notice to class members
satisfied the requisites of due process." Id. at 332.
Here, the judge found defendants were provided with notice
by mail and publication regarding: the nature and scope of the
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class action; the opportunity to "opt-out" of the action; and
their rights should they remain a class member. Even assuming
defendants did not receive the notice, defendants waived their
rights to sue Wells Fargo when they cashed the settlement check.
As a result of the settlement, defendants' were barred from
bringing the same claims in State court.
Defendants raise several arguments for the first time on appeal,
including: (1) the marketing of the loan violated the Consumer
Fraud Act; (2) they are not bound by the class action settlement
due to a prior Attorney General settlement; (3) there was no
evidence they were served notice of the class action; and (4) the
release was void under New Jersey law. This court ordinarily will
not address an issue on appeal that parties have not raised to the
trial court absent concerns involving "the jurisdiction of the
trial court" or "matters of great public interest." Zaman v.
Felton, 219 N.J. 199, 226-27 (2014) (quoting State v. Robinson,
200 N.J. 1, 20 (2009)); R. 2:6-2. In this matter, the record does
not involve jurisdiction or "matters of great public interest"
such as to support a finding that the interest of justice compels
our consideration of issues not presented to the trial court.
Notwithstanding that the only matters before the judge were the
enforceability of the class action settlement and discovery, we
conclude our analysis by noting the "only material issues in a
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foreclosure proceeding are the validity of the mortgage, the amount
of the indebtedness, and the right of the mortgagee to resort to
the mortgaged premises." Great Falls Bank v. Pardo, 263 N.J.
Super. 388, 394 (Ch. Div. 1993) (citations omitted) aff'd, 273
N.J. Super. 542 (1994). A party seeking to establish its right
to foreclose on the mortgage must generally "own or control the
underlying debt." Deutsche Bank Nat'l Tr. Co. v. Mitchell, 422
N.J. Super. 214, 222 (App. Div. 2011) (quoting Wells Fargo Bank,
N.A. v. Ford, 418 N.J. Super. 592, 597 (App. Div. 2011)); Bank of
N.Y. v. Raftogianis, 418 N.J. Super. 323, 327-28 (Ch. Div. 2010)
(citations omitted). In Deutsche Bank Trust Co. Americas v.
Angeles, 428 N.J. Super. 315, 318 (App. Div. 2012), we held that
"either possession of the note or an assignment of the mortgage
that predated the original complaint confer[s] standing," thereby
reaffirming our earlier holding in Mitchell, supra, 422 N.J. Super.
at 216.
Wells Fargo made a prima facie showing of its right to
foreclose. Moreover, defendants have not proffered defenses
unrelated to the loan origination or the settlement.
To the extent not specifically addressed herein, we conclude
that defendants' remaining arguments are without sufficient merit
to warrant discussion in a written opinion. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E).
Affirmed.
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