United States v. Gerardo Marcial

NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS MAY 31 2017 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 16-50011 Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. No. 8:15-cr-00072-CJC v. MEMORANDUM* GERARDO ROSALES MARCIAL, Defendant-Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California Cormac J. Carney, District Judge, Presiding Submitted May 24, 2017** Before: THOMAS, Chief Judge, and SILVERMAN and RAWLINSON, Circuit Judges. Gerardo Rosales Marcial appeals from the district court’s judgment and challenges the 48-month sentence imposed following his guilty-plea conviction for being an illegal alien found in the United States following deportation, in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm. * This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. ** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). Marcial contends that the district court erred by applying a 16-level enhancement to his offense level under U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(1)(A)(ii) (2015) because his prior conviction for making a criminal threat, in violation of California Penal Code § 422, is not a “crime of violence.” As Marcial acknowledges, this argument is foreclosed. See United States v. Villavicencio-Burruel, 608 F.3d 556, 563 (9th Cir. 2010). We remain bound by Villavicencio-Burruel. See Miller v. Gammie, 335 F.3d 889, 893 (9th Cir. 2003) (en banc) (three-judge panel is bound by circuit precedent unless that precedent is “clearly irreconcilable” with intervening higher authority). AFFIRMED. 2 16-50011