State v. Apodaca

This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Appellate Reports. Please see Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. Please also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated errors or other deviations from the official paper version filed by the Court of Appeals and does not include the filing date. 1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO 2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO 3 Plaintiff-Appellee, 4 v. No. A-1-CA-35879 5 PAULA APODACA, 6 Defendant-Appellant. 7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BERNALILLO COUNTY 8 Cristina T. Jaramillo, District Judge 9 Hector H. Balderas, Attorney General 10 Santa Fe, NM 11 for Appellee 12 The Law Offices of Ramsey & Hoon, LLC 13 Twila A. Hoon 14 Albuquerque, NM 15 for Appellant 16 MEMORANDUM OPINION 17 SUTIN, Judge. 18 {1} Defendant Paula Apodaca appeals her conviction in metropolitan court for 19 driving while intoxicated, arguing that the location and operation of a sobriety 1 checkpoint violated City of Las Cruces v. Betancourt, 1987-NMCA-039, 105 N.M. 2 655, 735 P.2d 1161, that the checkpoint was unreasonable because of a lack of 3 advance publicity, that the evidence at trial was insufficient to support her conviction, 4 and that her arrest was not supported by probable cause. [DS 16-19] Following her 5 conviction, Defendant pursued an appeal in the district court in which she asserted 6 precisely the same arguments that she advances before this Court. [RP 114] This 7 Court’s calendar notice observed that no new arguments are being asserted in this 8 appeal and that the district court’s memorandum opinion affirming Defendant’s 9 conviction “addresse[d] all the arguments raised by Defendant in this appeal” and “is 10 thorough, extensive, and well-reasoned.” [CN 2] As a result, we proposed to adopt 11 that memorandum opinion in its entirety. [Id.] Our calendar notice also directed 12 Defendant to “specifically direct” this Court’s attention to any portion of the district 13 court’s opinion that she claims to contain error, whether factual or legal. [CN 2-3] 14 {2} Defendant has filed a memorandum in opposition to this Court’s proposed 15 disposition in which she continues to assert the four arguments outlined in her 16 docketing statement. [MIO 2, 7, 8, 10] Having reviewed that memorandum and seeing 17 nothing that was not sufficiently addressed by the district court, we remain 18 unpersuaded and now affirm. 2 1 {3} Because this Court has proposed to adopt the district court’s factual recitation, 2 legal reasoning, and result, Defendant’s burden in connection with her memorandum 3 in opposition is to “clearly point out errors in fact or law” contained in the district 4 court’s memorandum opinion. Hennessy v. Duryea, 1998-NMCA-036, ¶ 24, 124 N.M. 5 754, 955 P.2d 683 (“Our courts have repeatedly held that, in summary calendar cases, 6 the burden is on the party opposing the proposed disposition to clearly point out errors 7 in fact or law.”). As Defendant’s memorandum does not challenge the facts described 8 in the district court opinion, we turn to Defendant’s legal arguments. 9 {4} With regard to potential legal error in this Court’s proposed disposition, 10 Defendant’s first argument asserts that a sobriety checkpoint was not reasonably 11 located or supervised. [MIO 2-6] As the district court noted, these requirements are 12 intended “to reduce the possibility of improper, unbridled discretion of the officers 13 who meet and deal with the motoring public.” [RP 173 (quoting Betancourt, 1987- 14 NMCA-039, ¶ 14)] The district court also noted that the police sergeant who selected 15 the site testified regarding his consideration of “the safety aspects of the site, as well 16 as its satisfaction of law-enforcement goals.” [Id.] And, with specific reference to 17 supervision of the checkpoint and the risk of “unbridled discretion” in the field, the 18 district court also noted that there was no evidence that the sergeant “interacted with 19 the motoring public in any way.” [RP 174] Nothing in Defendant’s memorandum 3 1 persuades us that the sergeant’s selection of a site and supervision of the checkpoint 2 rendered the checkpoint—or Defendant’s being stopped in that 3 checkpoint—constitutionally unreasonable. 4 {5} Defendant’s second issue involves Betancourt’s requirement of advance 5 publicity. [MIO 7-8] As Defendant acknowledges, the degree of publicity is one of 6 eight factors described in Betancourt. [MIO 7] All of those factors address concerns 7 surrounding “individual liberty, security, and privacy[.]” Betancourt, 1987-NMCA- 8 039, ¶ 10. Although a “media release” was emailed “to print, television and radio 9 media” prior to the checkpoint [DS 2], the State did not prove “that the media was 10 actually notified and that, [Defendant] maintains, should have established that the 11 roadblock was not in concurrence with the requirements for a constitutionally 12 reasonable roadblock.” [MIO 7-8] We concur with the district court, however, that the 13 facts surrounding publicity of the checkpoint “did not make the checkpoint 14 unreasonably invasive or intrusive” and that Defendant’s “specific concern about the 15 media does not tip the balance against the checkpoint.” [RP 175] 16 {6} As her third and fourth issues, Defendant challenges the sufficiency of the 17 evidence to support both a finding of probable cause and, ultimately, her conviction. 18 [MIO 8-11] Specifically, Defendant draws our attention to evidence of various 19 circumstances that might explain her difficulty parking her car and her poor 4 1 performance on standard field sobriety tests. [MIO 9-11] Those circumstances include 2 that she is partially blind in one eye; she was unfamiliar with the car, which had a 3 standard transmission; she had to avoid stepping on rocks because a police officer had 4 her remove her shoes; she was nervous; and she was unfamiliar with “what the officer 5 was requesting.” [MIO 9-11] 6 {7} The opinion of the district court addressed this argument by construing it as an 7 invitation to reweigh the evidence presented to the trial court. [RP 177] Deciding what 8 weight to give the evidence presented at trial, however, is the province of the trier of 9 fact, and appellate courts will not invade that province by second-guessing or 10 reweighing that evidence. See State v. Garcia, 2011-NMSC-003, ¶ 5, 149 N.M. 185, 11 246 P.3d 1057. Thus, the sole question to be addressed on appeal is whether the trial 12 court’s “decision is supported by substantial evidence, not whether the trial court 13 could have reached a different conclusion.” In re Ernesto M., Jr., 1996-NMCA-039, 14 ¶ 15, 121 N.M. 562, 915 P.2d 318. Ultimately, Defendant asks this Court, as she asked 15 the district court, to determine that the evidence supporting the officer’s belief she was 16 under the influence of alcohol, as well as the evidence of guilt offered at trial, was 17 outweighed by alternative evidence that other factors might have led to her behavior 18 and performance. The district court properly rejected this argument, and we do the 19 same. 5 1 {8} Accordingly, for the reasons set forth in our notice of proposed summary 2 disposition and in the district court’s memorandum opinion, Defendant’s conviction 3 is affirmed. 4 {9} IT IS SO ORDERED. 5 ___________________________________ 6 JONATHAN B. SUTIN, Judge 7 WE CONCUR: 8 _______________________________ 9 J. MILES HANISEE, Judge 10 _______________________________ 11 HENRY M. BOHNHOFF, Judge 6