[Cite as State v. Brown, 2014-Ohio-3222.]
COURT OF APPEALS
RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES:
:
: Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P.J.
Plaintiff - Appellee : Hon. John W. Wise, J.
: Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J.
:
-vs- :
:
JUHAN BROWN : Case No. 14CA3
:
:
Defendant - Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Richland County
Court of Common Pleas, Case No.
2010 CR 603 H
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT: July 22, 2014
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellee
JAMES J. MAYER, JR. JUHAN BROWN
Prosecuting Attorney # A 601-361
c/o Richland Correctional Instutution
By: JILL M. COCHRAN P.O. Box 8107
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney Mansfield, OH 44901
38 South Park Street
Mansfield, OH 44902
Richland County, Case No. 14CA3 2
Baldwin, J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Juhan Brown appeals from the December 27, 2013
Judgment Entry issued by the Richland County Court of Common Pleas overruling and
dismissing his ”Motion for Dismissal of Convictions Based on Inapplicable Offenses and
Motion to Take Judicial Notice”. Plaintiff-appellee is the State of Ohio.
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE
{¶2} In early 2009, METRICH officers began receiving information that an
individual from Detroit, Michigan, using the street name “Moe,” was selling crack
cocaine from a house in Mansfield, Ohio. In February and April 2009, the METRICH
officers, utilizing a confidential informant, made controlled drug purchases from
appellant. The first buy took place inside a house at 21 East Arch Street; the second
took place at 55 East Arch Street.
{¶3} In October 2009 METRICH officers arranged a third controlled drug buy
from appellant, using a different confidential informant, this time again at 55 East Arch
Street. Soon thereafter, METRICH officials obtained a search warrant for the premises
at 55 East Arch Street. The warrant was executed on October 22, 2009 by METRICH
and SWAT officers. A rented automobile parked nearby was also searched. Three
baggies of a substance later tested as crack cocaine were discovered, with respective
weights of 5.68 grams, 3.49 grams, and 3.24 grams. A digital scale was also found. In
addition, U.S. currency totaling more than $900.00 was obtained from appellant's pants
pockets.
{¶4} On November 11, 2009, appellant was indicted under case 09–CR–797H
by the Richland County Grand Jury on two counts of trafficking between one and ten
Richland County, Case No. 14CA3 3
grams of crack cocaine in the vicinity of a school zone and one count of possession of
between ten and twenty-five grams of crack cocaine.
{¶5} On March 31, 2010, appellant filed a motion to suppress the evidence
obtained pursuant to the search warrant. The matter proceeded to a hearing before the
trial court on August 4, 2010. Appellant conceded via counsel that he had no protected
interest in the 55 East Arch residence, and the trial court denied the suppression motion
as to the house. Furthermore, items seized from the vehicle were found to have no
relevance to the case.
{¶6} On September 3, 2010, appellant was re-indicted under case 2010–
CR603H as follows:
{¶7} Count I: Trafficking in crack cocaine (between one and ten grams) in the
vicinity of a school zone, R.C. 2925.03(A), a felony of the third degree.
{¶8} Count II: Trafficking in crack cocaine (between one and ten grams) in the
vicinity of a school zone, R.C. 2925.03(A), a felony of the third degree.
{¶9} Count III: Possession of crack cocaine (between ten and twenty-five
grams), R.C. 2925.11, a felony of the second degree, with a forfeiture specification for
$940.00 in currency.
{¶10} Count IV: Trafficking in crack cocaine (between one and ten grams) in the
vicinity of a school zone, R.C. 2925.03(A), a felony of the third degree.
{¶11} The case proceeded to a jury trial commencing on March 14, 2011. On
March 18, 2011, the jury found appellant guilty on all four counts of the indictment,
including the specifications of trafficking in the vicinity of a school zone and the forfeiture
specification. On March 31, 2011, the trial court sentenced appellant to two years in
Richland County, Case No. 14CA3 4
prison on each of the three trafficking counts, and five years on the possession count.
The terms were ordered to be served consecutively, for a total sentence of eleven years
in prison.
{¶12} Appellant then appealed his convictions and sentence. Pursuant to an
Opinion filed on June 13, 2012 in State v. Brown, 5th Dist. Richland No. 11 CA 42,
2012 -Ohio- 2672, this Court affirmed the judgment of the trial court.
{¶13} Subsequently, on July 15, 2013, appellant filed a “Motion for Dismissal of
Convictions Based on Inapplicable Offenses and a Motion to Take Judicial Notice”.
Appellant, in his motion, argued that on or about May 17, 2013, he had received digital
maps from his trial counsel and that such maps showed that none of his alleged
offenses were committed within the vicinity of a school zone. Appellant argued that he
could not, therefore, have been convicted of 3rd degree felony trafficking offenses.
Appellant also argued that his conviction for possession of crack cocaine in an amount
equal to or exceeding 10 grams and less than 25 grams was contrary to law based on a
November 2009 drug analysis report prepared by Mansfield Police Forensic Science
Laboratory that was attached to his motion. Finally, appellant argued that there was a
conflict of interest because the charging detective’s sole partner notarized the original
complaint and that “same detective’s signature attests to the items seized without him
ever being present at the home during the search.” Appellant attached a copy of the
Return for Search Warrant form to his motion. Appellant asked the trial court to take
judicial notice of the materials attached to his motion. Appellee filed a response on
December 18, 2013.
Richland County, Case No. 14CA3 5
{¶14} The trial court, pursuant to a December 27, 2013 Judgment Entry
overruled and dismissed appellant’s “Motion for Dismissal of Convictions Based on
Inapplicable Offenses and Motion to Take Judicial Notice”, which it treated as a petition
for post conviction relief. The trial court found that the same had been untimely filed and
that the alleged “new evidence” was available to appellant’s counsel at the time of trial.
The trial court also found that “[a]ny error at trial had to be presented in the appeal
process” and that appellant was attempting to raise issues not presented in his initial
appeal.
{¶15} Appellant now raises the following assignments of error on appeal:
{¶16} THE TRIAL COURT ENTIRELY ABUSED ITS DISCRETION WHEN IT
FAILED TO GRANT APPELLANT AN EVIDENTIARY HEARING PURSUANT TO
CRIM.R. 33(A)(6) BASED ON NEWLY DISCOVERED EVIDENCE.
{¶17} APPELLANT’S CONVICTION FOR POSSESSION OF DRUGS IN AN
AMOUNT EQUAL TO OR EXCEEDING 10 GRAMS BUT LESS THAN 25 GRAMS WAS
CONTRARY TO THE EVIDENCE SEIZED AND THUS, BEYOND THE TRIAL
COURT’S JURISDICTION. IN CONTRAVENTION OF R.C. 2925.11(A) OF THE OHIO
REVISED CODE.
{¶18} THE CHARGING INSTRUMENT AND SUBSEQUENT JURY VERDICT
CONVICTING APPELLANT OF TRAFFICKING CRACK COCAINE IN AN AMOUNT
EQUAL TO 1 GRAM BUT LESS THAN 10 GRAMS IS VOID AB INITIO. THERE
EXISTS NO SUCH PROVISION IN TH (SIC) OHIO REVISED CODE UNDER R.C.
2929.03(A).
Richland County, Case No. 14CA3 6
I, II, III
{¶19} Appellant, in his three assignments of error, challenges the trial court’s
December 27, 2013 Judgment Entry overruling and dismissing appellant’s “Motion for
Dismissal of Convictions Based on Inapplicable Offenses and Motion to Take Judicial
Notice”.
{¶20} In the syllabus of State v. Reynolds, 79 Ohio St.3d 158, 1997-Ohio-304,
679 N.E.2d 1131 the Supreme Court of Ohio set forth the standard by which post
conviction motions are to be reviewed in light of R.C. 2953.21: “Where a criminal
defendant, subsequent to his or her direct appeal, files a motion seeking vacation or
correction of his or her sentence on the basis that his or her constitutional rights have
been violated, such a motion is a petition for post conviction relief as defined in R.C.
2953.21.”
{¶21} The Reynolds court explained that despite its caption, a motion meets the
definition of a petition for post conviction relief if it is (1) filed subsequent to a direct
appeal; (2) claims a denial of constitutional rights; (3) seeks to render the judgment
void; and (4) asks for vacation of the judgment and sentence. Id at 160.
{¶22} Accordingly, in reviewing appellant's motion, we find it to be a petition for
post conviction relief (PCR) as defined in R.C. 2953.21. The motion was filed
subsequent to appellant’s direct appeal, claimed a denial of his constitutional rights and
sought to render the judgment void and also asked for vacation of the judgment and
sentence.
{¶23} The time requirements for PCR petitions are set forth in R.C.
2953.21(A)(2) as follows:
Richland County, Case No. 14CA3 7
{¶24} “Except as otherwise provided in section 2953.23 of the Revised Code, a
petition under division (A)(1) of this section shall be filed no later than one hundred
eighty days after the date on which the trial transcript is filed in the court of appeals in
the direct appeal of the judgment of conviction or adjudication or, if the direct appeal
involves a sentence of death, the date on which the trial transcript is filed in the
supreme court. If no appeal is taken, except as otherwise provided in section 2953.23 of
the Revised Code, the petition shall be filed no later than one hundred eighty days after
the expiration of the time for filing the appeal.”
{¶25} In turn, R.C. 2953.23(A) states, in relevant part, as follows:
{¶26} “Whether a hearing is or is not held on a petition filed pursuant to section
2953.21 of the Revised Code, a court may not entertain a petition filed after the
expiration of the period prescribed in division (A) of that section or a second petition or
successive petitions for similar relief on behalf of a petitioner unless division (A)(1) or (2)
of this section applies:
{¶27} “(1) Both of the following apply:
{¶28} “(a) Either the petitioner shows that the petitioner was unavoidably
prevented from discovery of the facts upon which the petitioner must rely to present the
claim for relief, or, subsequent to the period prescribed in division (A)(2) of section
2953.21 of the Revised Code or to the filing of an earlier petition, the United States
Supreme Court recognized a new federal or state right that applies retroactively to
persons in the petitioner's situation, and the petition asserts a claim based on that right.
Richland County, Case No. 14CA3 8
{¶29} “(b) The petitioner shows by clear and convincing evidence that, but for
constitutional error at trial, no reasonable factfinder would have found the petitioner
guilty of the offense of which the petitioner was convicted …”
{¶30} In the case sub judice, appellant does not dispute that his petition was
untimely. Rather, he argues that he did not receive the digital maps and other
evidentiary materials attached to his July 15, 2013 ” Motion for Dismissal of Convictions
Based on Inapplicable Offenses and a Motion to Take Judicial Notice” until
approximately May 17, 2013 and that they were, therefore, newly discovered evidence.
{¶31} However, we concur with the trial court that the “new” evidence was
available to appellant’s trial counsel at the time of trial and, therefore, was not newly
discovered evidence. As noted by appellee, the exhibits attached to appellant’s petition
clearly indicated at the top that they were faxed from appellant’s attorney’s office on
November 17, 2011 while the initial appeal was pending and within the time to file a
timely petition. Moreover, the search warrant return and lab test results were presented
at trial as exhibits and the indictment, which appellant argues was deficient, was part of
the trial court record. Because these were not newly discovered evidence, the trial court
did not err in overruling appellant’s untimely petition for post conviction relief without a
hearing.
{¶32} We also find that the issues that appellant are barred by the doctrine of
res judicata. Appellant had a prior opportunity to litigate the claims he now sets forth in
the instant appeal in his direct appeal. Such claims, therefore, are barred under the
doctrine of res judicata. State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 180, 226 N.E.2d 104 (1967).
The Perry court explained the doctrine as follows: “Under the doctrine of res judicata, a
Richland County, Case No. 14CA3 9
final judgment of conviction bars the convicted defendant from raising and litigating in
any proceeding, except an appeal from that judgment, any defense or any claimed lack
of due process that was raised or could have been raised by the defendant at the trial
which resulted in that judgment of conviction or on an appeal from that judgment.” Id.
Other than the digital maps presented by appellant, the other exhibits and the
indictment were part of the record. As is stated above, the maps were available to
appellant’s trial counsel in November of 2011.
{¶33} Appellant’s three assignments of error are, therefore, overruled.
{¶34} Accordingly, the judgment of the Richland County Court of Common Pleas
is affirmed.
By: Baldwin, J.
Gwin, P.J. and
Wise, J. concur.