[Cite as State v. Duck, 2011-Ohio-3035.]
COURT OF APPEALS
STARK COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES:
: Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, P.J.
Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. John W. Wise, J.
: Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, J.
-vs- :
:
CHRISTOPHER ALLEN DUCK : Case No. 2010CA00174
:
Defendant-Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Court of Common Pleas,
Case No. 2010CR0055(A)
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: June 20, 2011
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
JOHN D. FERRERO ANTHONY T. KAPLANIS
Stark County Prosecutor 701 Courtyard Center
116 Cleveland Avenue, NW
RENEE M. WATSON Canton, OH 44702
110 Central Plaza South
Suite 510
Canton, OH 44702-1413
Stark County, Case No. 2010CA00174 2
Farmer, P.J.
{¶1} On February 17, 2010, the Stark County Grand Jury indicted appellant,
Christopher Allen Duck, on one count of complicity to aggravated murder in violation of
R.C. 2923.03(A)(2) and R.C. 2903.01(B) and one count of complicity to aggravated
robbery in violation of R.C. 2923.03(A)(2) and R.C. 2911.01(A)(3). Said charges arose
from an incident wherein appellant was one of three individuals who attacked, beat, and
robbed Chris Anderson. Mr. Anderson died as a result of his injuries.
{¶2} A jury trial commenced on May 24, 2010. The jury found appellant guilty
as charged. By judgment entry filed June 3, 2010, the trial court sentenced appellant to
twenty-five years to life in prison.
{¶3} Appellant filed an appeal and this matter is now before this court for
consideration. Assignment of error is as follows:
I
{¶4} "THE TRIAL COURT'S FINDING OF GUILTY WAS AGAINST THE
MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE AND WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY
SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE AS TO COMPLICITY TO AGGRAVATED MURDER."
I
{¶5} Appellant claims his conviction for complicity to aggravated murder was
against the sufficiency and manifest weight of the evidence.1 We disagree.
{¶6} On review for sufficiency, a reviewing court is to examine the evidence at
trial to determine whether such evidence, if believed, would support a conviction. State
v. Jenks (1991), 61 Ohio St.3d 259. "The relevant inquiry is whether, after viewing the
1
Appellant does not assign as error his complicity to aggravated robbery conviction.
Stark County, Case No. 2010CA00174 3
evidence in a light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have
found the essential elements of the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt." Jenks at
paragraph two of the syllabus, following Jackson v. Virginia (1979), 443 U.S. 307. On
review for manifest weight, a reviewing court is to examine the entire record, weigh the
evidence and all reasonable inferences, consider the credibility of witnesses and
determine "whether in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the jury clearly lost its way and
created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the conviction must be reversed and
a new trial ordered." State v. Martin (1983), 20 Ohio App.3d 172, 175. See also, State
v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 1997-Ohio-52. The granting of a new trial "should be
exercised only in the exceptional case in which the evidence weighs heavily against the
conviction." Martin at 175.
{¶7} Appellant was convicted of complicity to aggravated murder as well as
aggravated robbery. Complicity is defined in R.C. 2923.03(A)(2) as follows:
{¶8} “(A) No person, acting with the kind of culpability required for the
commission of an offense, shall do any of the following:
{¶9} “(2) Aid or abet another in committing the offense.”
{¶10} “Aiding and abetting” is defined as “[o]ne who assists another in the
accomplishment of a common design or purpose.” Black's Law Dictionary (6 Ed.1990)
68.
{¶11} Aggravated murder is defined in R.C. 2903.01(B) as follows:
{¶12} “No person shall purposely cause the death of another or the unlawful
termination of another's pregnancy while committing or attempting to commit, or while
fleeing immediately after committing or attempting to commit, kidnapping, rape,
Stark County, Case No. 2010CA00174 4
aggravated arson, arson, aggravated robbery, robbery, aggravated burglary, burglary,
terrorism, or escape.”
{¶13} Appellant argues the evidence did not establish that he had the specific
intent of “purposely” to aid and abet in aggravated murder. On December 27, 2009,
appellant and two other individuals traveling in a vehicle came upon the victim, Chris
Anderson, walking on a sidewalk. T. at 214, 247-248. The three jumped out of the
vehicle, with appellant exiting the rear seat, and chased down Mr. Anderson. T. at 248.
Appellant admitted to police that he and his two friends were involved in the attack and
he in fact was the first to hit Mr. Anderson by tackling him to the ground. Appellant's
Brief at 4; T. at 214. However, appellant argues he did not pursue the attack of Mr.
Anderson, he attempted to stop it, and he advised a caller to Mr. Anderson's cell phone
“I think you need to get down here, he looks beat up pretty bad.” T. at 228-229. It is
appellant's position that his actions did not purposely cause Mr. Anderson’s death and
therefore he was only guilty of involuntary manslaughter which is defined in R.C.
2903.04(A) as, “[n]o person shall cause the death of another or the unlawful termination
of another's pregnancy as a proximate result of the offender's committing or attempting
to commit a felony.”
{¶14} We note the trial court gave the jury a specific instruction on involuntary
manslaughter. T. at 307-308, 345.
{¶15} The distinction between the two offenses is the lack of “purposely” as an
element of involuntary manslaughter vis-à-vis aggravated murder. “Purposely” is
defined in R.C. 2901.22(A) as follows:
Stark County, Case No. 2010CA00174 5
{¶16} “A person acts purposely when it is his specific intention to cause a certain
result, or, when the gist of the offense is a prohibition against conduct of a certain
nature, regardless of what the offender intends to accomplish thereby, it is his specific
intention to engage in conduct of that nature.”
{¶17} State's Exhibit 1 is a video of the entire incident and the unfortunate
demise of Mr. Anderson. The first responders noted that Mr. Anderson did not have a
pulse at the scene. T. at 164. The video depicts the chase, tackle, beating, and the
return of appellant and his two friends ten minutes after the attack. Regrettably, the
video was memorialized on the You Tube website for all to see.
{¶18} Appellant argues the Stark County Coroner's findings indicating the cause
of Mr. Anderson’s death to be "multiple impact injuries to head" establishes that his
tackle did not cause the death. T. at 286. However, the autopsy also found a fracture
of the back of the skull and no defensive wounds. T. at 269, 284. These facts, coupled
with the force of the tackle and Mr. Anderson’s supine submission to further attacks,
indicate that once tackled, Mr. Anderson was unable to defend himself, leading to the
single conclusion that in fact, appellant's tackle aided and abetted the aggravated
murder of Mr. Anderson.
{¶19} There is no doubt that appellant purposely exited the rear seat of the
vehicle and first reached Mr. Anderson and put him down. After the attack, the three
returned to the scene some ten minutes later to review the results, after going to a
drive-thru to purchase some beverages. T. at 253.
Stark County, Case No. 2010CA00174 6
{¶20} The scene was predatory and vicious in nature and evidence of a pack
mentality. We are convinced that the evidence was sufficient to establish “purposely”
and we fail to find that the jury lost its way.
{¶21} The sole assignment of error is denied.
{¶22} The judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Stark County, Ohio is
hereby affirmed.
By Farmer, P.J.
Wise, J. and
Delaney, J. concur.
s/ Sheila G. Farmer__________________
_s/ John W. Wise________________
_s/ Patricia A. Delaney________________
JUDGES
SGF/sg 524
Stark County, Case No. 2010CA00174 7
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR STARK COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO :
:
Plaintiff-Appellee :
:
-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
CHRISTOPHER ALLEN DUCK :
:
Defendant-Appellant : CASE NO. 2010CA00174
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the
judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Stark County, Ohio is affirmed. Costs to
appellant.
s/ Sheila G. Farmer__________________
_s/ John W. Wise________________
_s/ Patricia A. Delaney________________
JUDGES