Filed 3/16/16 P. v. Altieri CA1/5
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IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION FIVE
THE PEOPLE,
Plaintiff and Respondent,
A144998
v.
TROY PHILIP ALTIERI, (Contra Costa County
Super. Ct. No. 51322650)
Defendant and Appellant.
Defendant and appellant Troy Philip Altieri appeals from the trial court’s
restitution award. We affirm.
PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
In November 2013, appellant, along with co-defendant Marshall Pease, were
charged by information with one count of grand theft (Penal Code § 487, subd. (a))1 and
one count of possession of burglary tools (§ 466).
In June 2014, the information was amended to add one count of trespass for the
purpose of injuring property or property rights (§ 602, subd. (k)). Appellant pleaded no
contest to that charge and was placed on probation for 90 days, with imposition of
sentence suspended. The other counts were dismissed. The issue of restitution was
reserved for a future hearing.
The trial court held a contested restitution hearing in February 2015. Based on
testimonial and documentary evidence presented by the People, the trial court awarded
1
All undesignated statutory references are to the Penal Code.
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the victim, the City of Richmond, restitution in the amount of $41,100, with appellant and
Pease jointly and severally liable.
This appeal followed.
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
Preliminary Hearing Testimony Regarding the Underlying Incident
The evening of April 15, 2013, Richmond police officer David Longacre was
patrolling near the “Kaiser Shipyard graving basins.” He noticed a gate leading to the
basins was open a few inches. The officer entered and walked down to a walkway below
the basins. He noticed a fishing pole propped against the wall behind some electrical
boxes and a white bag containing some small hand tools on the ground. The covers of
the electrical boxes were open and there were sections of encased-aluminum wire that
had been cut and removed. He continued along the walkway and 25-30 feet away he saw
what appeared to be a few hundred feet of the same wire lying on the ground and more of
the wire hanging out of an overhead conduit. About 75 feet further, there was a winch
hooked up to a car battery; a black bag with tools and fishing bait was next to the winch.
Officer Longacre testified that covers from three or four electrical boxes had been
removed and the wires inside had been cut. The only wire that remained was a small
section of cut wire that was still attached inside the boxes; the remainder of the wire had
been pulled out from the conduits. The officer did not notice any other damage to the
boxes.
The police found appellant and Pease hiding in a storage area a few hundred feet
from the winch. Appellant admitted the black bag by the winch and the fishing pole were
his.
Michael Williams, a manager in the Port Department for the City of Richmond,
testified about the damage he saw on April 16, 2013 at the graving basins. Wire had been
pulled out of conduits, pull boxes where wires are joined together had been separated,
and two or three electrical boxes were damaged. About 400 to 600 feet of wire had been
removed. The previous day those wires and boxes were intact. He asked an electrical
company that was working for the Port on other nearby projects, Rosendin Electric, for
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an estimate to repair the wires and the electrical boxes that had been broken into. The
quote for the repairs was in the range of $40,000 to $50,000.
Evidence at the Restitution Hearing
The City of Richmond sought restitution in the amount of $41,100. Robert Leung,
a project manager for Rosendin Electric,2 testified he went to the Port on April 16, 2013
and observed “cable and conduit that were cut.” The area where he observed the damage
was in the same area as depicted in photographs documenting the damage presented to
the court. The cost for repairing the damage was $41,100; the company had actually
repaired the damage and been paid that amount. Leung explained that the high cost of
the repairs was due to the fact that the cables had been live and cutting them caused
electrical shorts resulting in “a lot of fire damage and electrical damage.”
Leung testified the repairs included the costs of replacing two meter mains, a
transformer, an electrical panel, and 285 feet of copper wire. Damage to at least some of
those components was apparently not depicted in the photographs admitted into evidence.
Leung explained that the wires “went through various berths in the facility.” He did not
remember whether the copper wire was replacing wire that previously had been
aluminum; he stated, “what we replaced was needed to get the system back up and
running.”
Appellant did not present any evidence at the restitution hearing.
DISCUSSION
Under section 1202.4, a trial court must order victim restitution “in every case in
which a victim has suffered economic loss as a result of the defendant’s conduct.”
(§ 1202.4, subd. (f).) The court “shall require” the defendant to make restitution “based
on the amount of loss claimed by the victim . . . or any other showing to the court.”
(§ 1202.4, subd. (f); see also § 1202.4, subd. (f)(3).)
“At a victim restitution hearing, a prima facie case for restitution is made by the
People based in part on a victim’s testimony on, or other claim or statement of, the
2
The transcript states “Roosevelt Electric,” but the parties agree Leung works for
Rosendin Electric.
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amount of his or her economic loss. [Citations.] ‘Once the victim has [i.e., the People
have] made a prima facie showing of his or her loss, the burden shifts to the defendant to
demonstrate that the amount of the loss is other than that claimed by the victim.’ ”
(People v. Millard (2009) 175 Cal.App.4th 7, 26; accord People v. Santori (2015) 243
Cal.App.4th 122, 126.) The preponderance of the evidence standard of proof applies.
(People v. Keichler (2005) 129 Cal.App.4th 1039, 1045.) This court reviews the trial
court’s restitution award for an abuse of discretion. (Ibid.) “When there is a factual and
rational basis for the amount of restitution ordered by the trial court, no abuse of
discretion will be found by the reviewing court.” (People v. Dalvito (1997) 56
Cal.App.4th 557, 562.) “In reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, the ‘ “power of the
appellate court begins and ends with a determination as to whether there is any
substantial evidence, contradicted or uncontradicted,” to support the trial court’s
findings.’ ” (People v. Baker (2005) 126 Cal.App.4th 463, 468–469.)
Appellant contends the trial court erroneously “interpreted appellant’s plea
agreement and plea to constitute some sort of a concession by [appellant] that he and his
co-defendant, in the course of an attempted theft, had directly caused the damages to the
electrical system that Leung described.” Appellant is mistaken. The trial court stated
during the restitution hearing that a restitution award was contemplated at the time of the
plea: “[E]veryone knew there was significant restitution. It’s on [appellant’s]
misdemeanor plea form that he was going to have to pay victim restitution, joint and
several liability. It is in the minutes from the plea. It’s on his probation order. . . . So,
[appellant] has known all along he’s going to be responsible for victim restitution. [¶] In
addition, at the time of his plea in June of 2014, it was already known that there was an
estimate of $41,000 because the Court’s file has a contemporaneous note indicating
$41,000 in estimated restitution. And that was at the time of plea.” The court also stated
in making its ruling, “the People have presented evidence through document[s], as well
as live testimony through Mr. Leung, that a day after [appellant] and his co-perpetrator
were found stealing, damaging, whatever, the property of the City of Richmond, Mr.
Leung is at the site assessing the damage, and because there was damage, the entire
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system had to be replaced. There has been no evidence to contradict Mr. Leung’s
estimate or his testimony, and the defense does have a burden to show that the victim’s
estimate is inaccurate.”
Appellant points to nothing in the record showing that the trial court failed to
require the People to make a prima facie showing of the amount of damages, or failed to
consider appellant’s arguments below regarding the sufficiency of the People’s showing.
We understand the court’s reference to appellant’s burden to be a reference to the rule
that, after the People have made a prima facie showing, “the burden shifts to the
defendant to demonstrate that the amount of the loss is other than that claimed by the
victim.” (People v. Millard, supra, 175 Cal.App.4th at p. 26; see People v. Diaz (1992) 3
Cal.4th 495, 567 (“[a]s a general rule, we presume that the trial court has properly
followed established law”].) Accordingly, we reject appellant’s claim that the trial court
treated appellant’s plea as a “concession that [his and his co-]defendants’ actions were
the cause of [the claimed] damages.”
In a related contention, appellant argues the trial court imposed the burden of
proof on appellant, rather than treating the People’s showing as a rebuttable presumption.
We reject that claim for the same reason we reject the claim that the court treated the plea
as a concession. Nothing in the record demonstrates the trial court failed to impose the
burden on the People of making a prima facie showing of the amount of damages. The
court properly imposed on appellant the burden of rebutting that showing. (People v.
Millard, supra, 175 Cal.App.4th at p. 26.)
To the extent appellant contends the trial court abused its discretion in failing to
find the People’s showing of damages rebutted, we reject that claim as well. Appellant
speculates that Leung described other unfinished work on the site as damages from the
underlying incident. He principally emphasizes that the police and port manager did not
mention or document the damage identified by Leung to equipment other than the
electrical boxes and wires near the site of appellant’s arrest. However, Leung explained
how the act of cutting live wires resulted in damage to that equipment. That was
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sufficient to meet the People’s burden of making a prima facie showing, and we defer to
the trial court’s implied determination that Leung’s testimony was credible.
DISPOSITION
The judgment is affirmed.
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SIMONS, J.
We concur.
JONES, P.J.
BRUINIERS, J.
(A144998)
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