This opinion will be unpublished and
may not be cited except as provided by
Minn. Stat. § 480A.08, subd. 3 (2014).
STATE OF MINNESOTA
IN COURT OF APPEALS
A15-0735
In re the Marriage of:
Julie Ann Summers, petitioner,
Respondent,
vs.
Jonathon Roger Summers,
Appellant.
Filed March 14, 2016
Affirmed
Kirk, Judge
Hennepin County District Court
File No. 27-FA-14-6113
Jennifer M. Moore, Moore Family Law, P.A., Plymouth, Minnesota (for respondent)
John T. Burns, Jr., Burns Law Office, Burnsville, Minnesota (for appellant)
Considered and decided by Peterson, Presiding Judge; Ross, Judge; and Kirk, Judge.
UNPUBLISHED OPINION
KIRK, Judge
In this post-marital-dissolution dispute, appellant-husband argues that the district
court erred by: (1) failing to award him monetary damages for respondent-wife’s
cancellation of a joint credit card, (2) failing to order prompt refinancing of the former
marital home, and (3) failing to award him conduct-based attorney fees. We affirm.
FACTS
In September 2014, the nearly 18-year marriage of appellant-husband Jonathon
Roger Summers and respondent-wife Julie Ann Summers was dissolved pursuant to a
stipulated marriage-dissolution judgment and decree. The judgment and decree awarded
the parties joint physical and legal custody of their three minor children and wife the marital
home. It required that wife make good-faith efforts to refinance the marital home into her
name alone, “[a]s soon as possible” but “no later than July 1, 2020.” It also required that
husband pay and hold wife harmless on their joint credit-card debt and wife to immediately
cancel the credit card upon final payment. Under the decree, “[n]either party shall contract
any debt, charge or liability in the future for which the other party may become liable.”
After the judgment and decree, husband continued to use the joint credit card. In
December 2014, wife discovered that, while husband had previously paid the credit card
balance down to approximately $2,500, he had incurred almost $20,000 in additional
charges. In January 2015, wife canceled the credit card without any advance notice to
husband. According to husband, as a result of the cancellation, he had to open a new credit
card, which reduced his credit score and delayed the mortgage pre-approval he was
seeking. In an attempt to repair his credit score quickly, husband chose to make an early
withdrawal from his 401(k) to pay off the credit card in full.
In February 2015, wife filed a motion for a change of physical custody and other
relief. Shortly after, husband filed a counter-motion seeking monetary damages for wife’s
cancellation of the joint credit card, prompt refinance or sale of the marital home, conduct-
based attorney fees, and other relief. After a hearing, the district court denied all requested
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relief, other than granting wife’s request for an order requiring the parties to enroll in a
parenting class.
Husband appeals.
DECISION
I. The district court did not err by denying husband’s motion seeking monetary
damages for wife’s cancellation of the joint credit card.
Stipulated dissolution judgments are treated as binding contracts. Shirk v. Shirk,
561 N.W.2d 519, 521 (Minn. 1997). “The general rule for the construction of contracts . . .
is that where the language employed by the parties is plain and unambiguous there is no
room for construction.” Starr v. Starr, 312 Minn. 561, 562-63, 251 N.W.2d 341, 342
(1977). Whether a dissolution judgment is ambiguous presents a legal question, which we
review de novo. Halvorson v. Halvorson, 381 N.W.2d 69, 71 (Minn. App. 1986).
Husband argues that the district court erred by denying his motion seeking monetary
damages for wife’s cancellation of the credit card because wife breached the judgment and
decree when she did so before final payment. The plain and unambiguous language of the
judgment and decree states that “[n]either party shall contract any debt, charge or liability
in the future for which the other party may become liable.” Although he was making
payments towards the joint credit card, husband repeatedly used the credit card after the
filing of the judgment and decree. Therefore, husband was violating the decree by
incurring charges for which wife may become liable. The district court did not err in
denying husband’s motion seeking monetary damages.
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II. The district court did not abuse its discretion by refusing to order prompt
refinancing or sale of the marital home.
A district court “may issue orders to implement, enforce, or clarify the provisions
of a decree, so long as it does not change the parties’ substantive rights.” Redmond v.
Redmond, 594 N.W.2d 272, 275 (Minn. App. 1999). Absent an abuse of discretion, we
will not overturn decisions of the district court in this regard. Potter v. Potter, 471 N.W.2d
113, 114 (Minn. App. 1991).
Husband argues that the district court abused its discretion by refusing to order
prompt refinancing of the marital home because the plain language of the decree requires
wife to seek refinancing “[a]s soon as possible.” Although the record does not reflect that
wife applied for any refinancing, husband filed his motion less than five months after the
entry of the judgment and decree. During that time period, the family was adjusting to new
routines and it is reasonable that wife would not have had the chance to apply for
refinancing. Further, the joint credit card was on wife’s credit report for a majority of those
five months, potentially affecting her ability to refinance. The district court did not abuse
its discretion by refusing to order prompt refinancing or sale of the marital home.
III. The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying husband’s motion for
conduct-based attorney fees.
A district court has the discretion to award attorney fees against a party “who
unreasonably contributes to the length or expense of the proceeding.” Minn. Stat. § 518.14,
subd. 1 (2014). The party moving for conduct-based attorney fees has the burden of proof.
Geske v. Marcolina, 624 N.W.2d 813, 818 (Minn. App. 2001).
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The district court ordered that each party pay his/her own attorney fees. Husband
argues that he is entitled to an award of conduct-based attorney fees because “[b]y
arbitrarily canceling the credit card and then commencing a meritless motion to change
custody . . . [wife’s] conduct unreasonably contributed to the length and expense of the
proceeding.”
Wife’s motion was not meritless. Citing to Minn. Stat. § 518.178 (2014), wife
alternatively moved the district court to order the parties to participate in mediation and in
the court’s mandatory divorce education co-parenting course, as well as to appoint a
parenting-time expeditor. Minn. Stat. §§ 518.178-.1781 (2014) allow for a six-month
review of a judgment and decree to ensure that child-support payments are current and that
both parties are complying with the parenting-time provisions. Because wife properly
brought a motion under Minn. Stat. §§ 518.178-.1781, her motion was not meritless and
she did not “unreasonably contribute[] to the length or expense of the proceeding.” See
Minn. Stat. § 518.14, subd. 1. The district court did not abuse its discretion by declining
to award conduct-based attorney fees.
Affirmed.
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