06/29/2017
IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE
March 14, 2017 Session1
IN RE: STONEY’S BAIL BONDING, INC.
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Maury County
No. 23281 David L. Allen, Stella Hargrove, Robert L. Jones, and J. Russell Parks,
Judges
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No. M2016-01246-CCA-R3-CD
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This is an appeal by Stoney’s Bail Bonding, Inc., (“Stoney’s”) of an order of the Maury
County Circuit Court, sitting en banc, which denied Stoney’s Renewed Motion for Relief
from Bond. Stoney’s argues the single issue that the trial court erred in its application of
Tennessee Code Annotated section 40-11-201(c) because the State failed to commence
extradition proceedings, as previously ordered by the en banc panel. Following our
review of the record, we affirm the trial court’s denial of the motion.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court, sitting en
banc, Affirmed
TIMOTHY L. EASTER, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which ROBERT W.
WEDEMEYER and CAMILLE R. MCMULLEN, JJ., joined.
Charles M. Molder, Columbia, Tennessee, for the appellant, Stoney’s Bail Bonding, Inc.
Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Sophia S. Lee, Assistant Attorney
General; Brent Cooper, District Attorney General; and M. Caleb Bayless, Assistant
District Attorney General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
The procedural history resulting in the bond forfeiture in this case is not in dispute.
The defendant, Jorge P. Estrada, failed to appear for a scheduled appearance in the Maury
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The court heard oral arguments in this case on March 14, 2017, at Belmont University College
of Law in Nashville, Tennessee.
County Circuit Court on October 31, 2014. Stoney’s was the defendant’s surety on his
$50,000 bond. The Circuit Court properly revoked Mr. Estrada’s bond and entered an
order of conditional forfeiture on November 12, 2014. That same day, a scire facias was
executed on Stoney’s, triggering the 180 day period for Stoney’s to “show cause to the
contrary or bring the body of [Mr. Estrada]” or forfeit the bond. See T.C.A. § 40-11-
139(b). Here is where the dispute begins.
On May 1, 2015, Stoney’s filed a “Motion for Relief From Bond, or In the
Alternative, Motion for Extension of Time from Which Conditional Forfeiture Becomes
Final.” Deciding alone, Judge Robert L. Jones granted Stoney’s a ninety-day extension
on May 11, 2015, conditioned upon Stoney’s depositing $25,000 with the Maury County
Circuit Court Clerk’s office. There is no transcript in the record of this hearing. Thus,
we are left to ponder on what proof the trial court based its conclusions. Stoney’s filed
under seal an affidavit of its agent, Kendall Vandiver, with the motion. We are unable to
determine if it the trial court considered the affidavit before entering its May 11, 2015
order. The order did not release Stoney’s from its additional $25,000 obligation. A final
forfeiture hearing was set for August 11, 2015.
While there is no transcript in the technical record, apparently a final hearing was
conducted before an en banc panel (“the panel”) of the Circuit Court for the 22nd Judicial
District on October 30, 2015. For reasons not at all clear, the State did not appear at this
hearing. The panel’s resulting order indicates that Stoney’s provided the panel with
information supporting its continued devotion of “resources, time and financial, to locate
and procure [Mr. Estrada].” Further, the panel found that Stoney’s had communicated
with the Office of the District Attorney for the 22nd Judicial District on several
occasions, notifying the office of Mr. Estrada’s “exact location within the country of
Mexico and other pertinent information which would have assisted in the extradition
process and ultimate apprehension of [Mr. Estrada].” The order also indicates that
Stoney’s, through its agent Mr. Vandiver and attorney Charles M. Molder, in some way
informed the panel that the District Attorney’s Office “rela[yed] to Stoney’s that it would
seek a ‘Governor’s Warrant;’ however these efforts began at a time prior to the known
location of [Mr. Estrada].” The panel granted partial relief to Stoney’s by exonerating
them of $25,000 of the total $50,000 bond, pursuant to the court’s discretionary powers
provided by Tennessee Code Annotated section 40-11-203. The panel further reserved
ruling on the remaining $25,000 and “finds the District Attorney General shall have thirty
(30) days from the date of the entry of this Order to commence extradition proceedings.”
After the passage of thirty days, Stoney’s filed the motion which is the subject of
this appeal. In the motion, Stoney’s argued that the amended language of Tennessee
Code Annotated section 40-11-201(c) required the panel to relieve Stoney’s from its full
obligation for the total bond. All the parties, including the State, appeared at a hearing on
February 12, 2016, before the panel. The panel entered an order denying Stoney’s
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request, in all respects, to recover the remaining $25,000 bond proceeds. The technical
record contains no transcript of this hearing; thus, again, we are left to ponder as to
whether any of the findings of the lower court were based on evidence or simply
arguments of counsel. It is from this Order that Stoney’s now appeals.
Analysis
Stoney’s argues that the panel erred in failing to fully exonerate them from the
bond pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated section 40-11-201(c) (amended 2015).
Stoney’s position is that because Mr. Estrada is now in Mexico, the United States–
Mexico Extradition Treaty, P.I.A.S. No. 9656, 31 U.S.T. 5059, is in play. This treaty
requires a “provisional arrest warrant” to be procured. Stoney’s argues that it has no
authority or ability to begin this process as that authority rests solely and exclusively with
the office of the District Attorney. Because the “detainer request [was] refused,” then the
surety, in this case Stoney’s, “shall not be liable in the undertaking.” T.C.A. § 40-11-
201(c). The State maintains that there is no proof that a detainer, extradition, or habeas
corpus was “filed against Mr. Estrada with the detaining authority,” and, thus, Tennessee
Code section 40-11-201(c) is not invoked. The State further argues that only a
department of the Federal Government can request international extraditions.
As previously mentioned, the record before us contains no transcripts of any of the
aforementioned hearings on Stoney’s various motions. The appellant bears the burden of
preparing an adequate record on appeal, see State v. Ballard, 855 S.W.2d 557, 560 (Tenn.
1993), which includes the duty to “have prepared a transcript of such part of the evidence
or proceedings as is necessary to convey a fair, accurate and complete account of what
transpired with respect to those issues that are the bases of appeal,” see Tenn. R. App. P.
24(b). Failure to do so risks waiver of the issue. See Ballard, 855 S.W.2d at 561. In the
absence of an adequate record on appeal, this Court must presume that the panel’s order
denying Stoney’s request to be exonerated is accurate. See State v. Caudle, 388 S.W.3d
273, 279 (Tenn. 2012) (creating a “presumption that the missing transcript would support
the ruling of the trial court”) (citing State v. Oody, 823 S.W.2d 554, 559 (Tenn. Crim.
App. 1991)).
The judgment of the en banc panel is affirmed.
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TIMOTHY L. EASTER, JUDGE
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